ÉMILE ZOLA AND NATURALISM MOVEMENT IN THE MEANING WORLD OF NABIZADE NAZIM

In the 19th century, the new system of thought and perception reality which were shaped by scinence and technique caused significant changes in art and literature. As a reflection of the realism and naturalism movements were born in art and literature. Naturalism is an art movement which was emerged in France in 19th century. In the 19th century, when the scientific studies became important in the Ottoman Empire, the movements of romance lift its place to the movements of Realism and Naturalism. Naturalist tried to combine art with positive sciences; and applied experiment and observation method to the literature. Émile Zola has guided Turkish Literature with her works and ideas in the movement of naturalism. During this period, translations from Émile Zola had increased in number. The first traces of this movement in Turkish Literature are seen in Nabizade Nazım who was the Tanzimat period artist. In the novels preface and newspaper articles were written by Nabizade Nazım, he stated his commitment on naturalism movement and gave detailed information on this movement. In this sense, Nabizade Nazım is the first writer who introduce Émile Zola to Turkish readers and applied naturalists techniques to his literary works. Nabizade Nazım has claimed to write an experimental novel. We tried to reveal the influence of Émile Zola in Nabizade Nazım’s novel preface and newspaper articles. In this study, a series of question will be search for answers such as how naturalism was perceived by Nabizade Nazım, which techniques were taken, which phases were passed from theory to the practice. In this study, the thing we really want to focus on that in the Nabizade Nazım’s perception of art and artist what is the impact and contribution of naturalism and Émile Zola; what extent Nabizade Nazım understands Émile Zola and naturalism movement.

Keywords

Nabizade Nazım, Émile Zola, Experimental Novel, naturalism.