The Effects of Tanzimat Reforms to Education Buildings in the Ottoman Empire: Instance of Isparta

When the architectural products in the geography of Turkey are concerned, the most distinct type of architecture is seen during the Europe-centered innovation movements in the Westernization period and the transition period from the monarchy-based government of the Ottoman Empire to the foundation of the Republic. The declaration of the Tanzimat Edict in 1839 during the Ottoman Empire changed the state policy to a large extent and directly affected the education system. It was first proposed by the Sultan Mahmut II that education and training be carried out by a certain body of the state in the Ottoman Empire. In Isparta, where there were a lot of efficient schools built by the state, were no school but the local schools and the madrasa built before the Tanzimat Edict. After the Tanzimat Edict took place, primary schools (local schools, schools of sıbyan), iptidai, rüştiye (secondary school), idadi (high schools) and madrasas began to educate people. Neighborhood schools, in terms of both education, and child care and health were poor and neglected state. Most schools were consisted of a single large hall, covered earthen roof, wooden and dilapidated buildings. In addition, there was a considerable amount of Greek and Armenian population in Isparta in the Ottoman period. Likewise, the Greek and Armenian population also built their own education structures in accordance with their culture and religious beliefs. The scope of this study covers archive and on-site analysis of the education structures, in Isparta and its towns, from both before and after the Tanzimat Era. Accordingly, the reflections of the education reforms in the city of Isparta and in its towns during the Ottoman Empire in terms of architecture are represented in this study.

Keywords

Ottoman Education Buildings, Ottoman Education System, Isparta Education Buildings, The Effects of T