The Problem Of Subject In Turkey Turkish Syntax – A Linguistic Approach

In this study it has been aimed to present the main reasons of subject problem and relations betwen subject and other levels of syntax, and to suggest linguistic a approach which can be solve the problems such as definition, types and morphem of subject. In Turkish the subject has been described in terms of different grammatical and functional relations since the subject has different organic relations betwen levels of language. This apraoch has highly prevented determining real identity. To describe the subject with logical, semantic, pragmatic and syntactic components of language has caused the main problems such as definition, types and morphem of subject. This problems of subject can only be overcomed when the sentence is analyzed in the separate levels of language. In the syntactic level subject is immediate cunstituent that is nominative case in sentence. In the logical level subject can be first or second argument according to voice of verb. In the semantic level subject represents various semantic roles such as agent, experiencer, instigator, causer, patient and theme etc. In the pragmatic level subject can code the focus and topic which are main components of information structure.

Keywords

Problem of subject, reasons of subject problem, levels of syntax, functional relations of subject