Magic In The Classical Turkish Poetry Aesthetics

Culture changes and grows up more or less by the time, is often enshrined and handed down from generation to generation by literary works. In this way, literary works of a society are charged with a bridge among its past and future. Consequently cultures of societies continue by literary works. Classical Turkish literature, is a very rich literary tradition that we can follow the traces of our civilization from the 13th century until the 19th. In this literary tradition that showed more development in the field of poetic, the couplet that has different layers of meaning that reflects the mindset elements of the society especially the social, cultural, religious and political aspects, provides a highly aesthetic manner to the reader. In this sense, in the products of classical Turkish poetry revealed by 13th century we see magic with a variety of features which has an important place in the lives of Muslim Turkish people as ancient Turks. Magic, can be defined as the science or art of making an extraordinary impact on people and nature by secret set of methods. Having the power to influence people like magic beauty and charm are among the special sense of magic. In general terms, literature the art of effective and eloquence, poetry in particular sense, both sources formed due to extraordinary impact on collocutor also are associated with magic and sorcery. In particular, in many cultures, the source of poetry that is one of the oldest types is based on a supernatural ability, inspiration, discovery or a spiritual being. In addition, the effect of fine word and poetry on collocutor which can be said extraordinary is seen as magic. Classical Turkish poetry is a poetry that leans on a tradition and blends it by processing for centuries. In this sense, both the case of magic that has been in social life since the ancient Turks and the poetic and aesthetic structure of art and literature have been effective in using magic and sorcery intensively in classical Turkish poetry. Magicians gain power with magic and sorcery, so it is believed that uses related to the concept of magic will add mystical and miraculous connotations to the poetry. As in one sense magic and sorcery are made to achieve power, it is not wrong to say magic and the other concepts often used in poetry have come forward with the idea that these will add power to the poetry. Because using some words in poetry makes the poem more effective and powerful. Some of the classic poets use pen names express the power of magic in their poems. In this sense, the pen names Sihrî and Sâhirî which are collected around a concept in the tradition of classical Turkish literature attract attention. The fact that word is accepted as magic and sorcery is an important factor in prefering these pen names that are related to magic. In classical Turkish poetry, the poet is described as magician of poetry, sorcerer of word and poet who fascinates with magic. The word of poet, in other words poem is charm too. This state is also connected with astehetics of poetry. In aesthetics of classical poetry, on the way of ijaz which is the last point that the poet wants to reach in poetry magic is an aesthetic criterion too. The phrases like sihr-i mübîn, sihr-i beyân, sihr-i helâl that are especially chosen to describe the “fine” are used in poetry as an aesthetic value statement. In every century of classical Turkish poetry, magic and sorcery have been mentioned by almost every poet. In paralel to the meanings of enchanting beauty and the power of influence, in classical Turkish literature, especially poetry magic and sorcery are a degree in art and aesthetics which the poets are proud of saying poems with the properties of magic. When word and poetry are related with magic and sorcery generally it is seen that the poet or the writer praises word, poem or poet. In fact, presenting the poet as a magician of word and also his poem magic and sorcery is an expression of a position that the poet wi

Keywords

Magic, sorcery, divan, classical Turkish poetry, aesthetics