Arapların kendilerine has ilimlerinden biri olan şiir, kafiyeli, vezinli bir söz olmaktan öte onların ruhi faaliyetlerinin muhteşem bir sonucudur. Arap şiirinin ilk defa nasıl teşekkül ettiği, nasıl düzenli bir şekil aldığı kesin olarak bilinememekle birlikte M. VI. yüzyıl başlarında bütün kabilelerin bildiği ortak bir dil hâlini alışı hususunda araştırmacılar hemfikirdirler. Cahiliye devrinden Hicret’in ilk yıllarına kadar Arap şiirindeki tarihi süreçte ilk örneklerini Muallakat adı verilen muhtelif yedi şiirde bulduğumuz kaside ise Arap edebiyatının ilk ve en köklü nazım şeklidir. Kaside; methiye, hiciv, iftihar ve tasvir olmak üzere dört temel konuyu işlemiş; İslam’ın inanç ve ahlak prensipleri ile çelişen temalar zamanla yerini Kuran’dan mülhem İslami değerlere bırakmıştır. İşlediği konu bakımından diğer kasidelerden ayrılıp kendi başlarına müstakil bir eser hüviyetinde olan Kaside-i Bürde’ler ise Hz. Peygamber’i methetmek maksadıyla yazılan eserlerdir ve bu eserlerin Hz. Peygamber sevgisini ifade etmede adeta bir ibadet telakki edilmesi edebiyatımızda birçok tercüme, şerh ve tahmislerinin kaleme alınmasına vesile olmuştur. Cahiliye dönemi kültürünün izlerine birçok eserde olduğu gibi Kaside-i Bürde Tercümeleri’nde de rastlamak mümkündür. Zira Cahiliye kavramı ve Cahiliye dönemi, yaşanmış bitmiş bir tarihi süreci değil bir kültürü temsil etmektedir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada Cahiliye kültürünün dikkat çekici özellikleri araştırılmış, Arapların siyasi ve sosyal hayatlarına yön veren örf ve âdetleri Kaside-i Bürde Tercümelerinde incelenmiştir. Şurası bir gerçektir ki medeniyetler arası kültür ticaretinin somut birer delilleri olan tercümeler birçok kültürde olduğu gibi Arap ve Türk kültürü arasında da köprü vazifesini yerine getirmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Cahiliye, Kaside, Kaside-i Bürde Tercümeleri, Gelenek, Medeniyet.

Introduction and the Aim of the Study The poetry which is one of the Arabic disciplines, rather than being a rhyming and metrical saying, is a great result of the spiritual output of Arabic people. Although it is not known how the Arabic poerty came out and how it got in order for sure, the researchers are on the same page about the fact that it turned into a common language that is known by all the tribes at the dawn of the sixth century. During the historical period starting from the first years of the pre-islamic age of ignorance till the first years of the Hejira, the ode of which first examples are found in the seven poems called the Mu‘allaqāt is the first and the longest established verse of the Arabic poetry. The ode deals with four main topics as praise, satire, pride and depiction and the themes contradicting with the Islamic belief and Islamic moral principles have given their place to Islamic values inspired from the Koran. Kaside-i Bürdes which are different from other odes in terms of the topic they deal with are independent works written in order to praise the Prophet Muhammad and the fact that the works regard love for the Prophet Muhammad as worship has led to a lot of translations, explanations, tahmises, teshtirs and tezyils to be written in our literature. As in many works, it is possible to come across with traces of pre-islamic age of ignorance in translations of Kaside-i Bürde, too. However the term, the age of pre-islamic age of ignorance, stands for a culture rather than a historical process that has already come to an end. Therefore, in this study, remarkable features of the pre-islamic age of ignorance and Arabic customs shaping the Arabic political and social life have been examined from translations of Kaside-i Bürde. As a last word, it is a fact that the translations, which are proofs of cultural exchange between civilizations, serve as bridges between the Arabic and the Turkish cultures as it is the case in many. Study Method In this study emphasis is given on JAHILIYYAH poem ‘Burden ode’, which is the first and most fundamental verse form of Arabic literature and ode (Eulogy), which has an independent identity in terms of the subjects it dealt with, was briefly expressed. As it is in many works, remarkable features of common culture of Jahiliyyah age (pre-islamic age of ignorance) have been studied in Burden ode translations as well. Besides, the customs and traditions, giving direction to the political and social life of Arabs, were examined. Findings and Discussion Since the aim of this study is to determine the remarkable features of Jahiliyyah age and is to identify Jahiliyyah age culture in the Burden ode translations, translations of Ahmed Leâlî, Abdurrahman Karahisârî, Şemseddin Sivâsî were discussed and the mentality of the pre-Islamic period in these works has been tried to be explained. The status of pre-Islamic Arab customs and traditions such as Oath, testimony, sacrifice, generosity, justiceships, priesthood, pacta sunt servanda were identified. In addition to the traces of Arabic social, political and religious life,usage of Jahiliyyah age concepts such as " Ketem, selem " in poetry are clear evidence of this period’s culture. Moreover, usage of Arabic idioms such as “kına, konuk odu, yağrıkta et dövmek” by our poets indicates the traces of the interaction between cultures. All of them experienced a historical process is not finished period, representing a culture of ignorance, which is translated in a concrete indication of the viability of continued evidence of cultural trade between civilizations. All of them do not represent an experienced and finished historical, they represent that Jahiliyyah age continues in the translations which are the concrete evidence indicators of the cultural trade among civilizations. This study investigates in what form Jahiliyyah age reflected in the translations examined by exploring the remarkable features of the Jahiliyyah age cult