Natural And Chemical Drugs Sent By The Ottoman Empire To Castles In Eastern Border In The First Half Of The 18th Century


The Ottoman Empire created many institutions in the political, administrative, social, economic, educational and healthcare fields influenced by the Islamic, Byzantine and Seljuk civilizations. It constituted the most important institutions of its era by adding several innovations over time over the previously founded institutions. The Ottoman Empire also realized the advantages in the medical field offered by the region where it was founded. It received the accumulation of knowledge of Anatolian Beyliks and the Byzantines in the medical field as an heritage and made great advancements thanks to physicians from different Islamic geography and Central Asia in the field of medicine. It struggled against major diseases of that period through hospitals established in major centers of the empire and well-trained physicians. Important works were created in the medical field and these works were written with unsophisticated, comprehensive, simple Turkish over the corresponding periods. There are detailed information on what kind of herbal and chemical drugs against which diseases as well as the amount of use, application and information against future side effects that may be occur in the future. In the first half of the 18th century, the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Empire had remained in constant warfare. During this period, large quantities of ammunition supplies were sent to Castles of Tebriz, Revan, Ahıska, Tiflis, Kars, Erzurum and Diyarbakır located in the eastern part of the Empire. There are herbal drugs, chemicals and various oils within these sent ammunition supplies. Our article is composed of three chapters. In the first chapter, the medicinal plants which were transported to the castle have been identified and intended use of these herbs, benefits against which diseases and the amounts found in the castles have been mentioned in a comparative manner. The second chapter describes some of the chemicals found in the castle. There are information given about against which diseases were the chemicals used and their quantities. In the third chapter, it has been mentioned the use of medicinal oils such as olive oil, linseed oil and sesame oil.


Keywords


Drug, Herb, War, Castle, Medical

Author : Uğur DEMLİKOĞLU
Number of pages: 297-310
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.7805
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Journal of Turkish Studies
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