Two Ecphrasis Samples From Ancient Greek Literature Homer’s “The Shield Of Achilles” & Hesiod’s “The Shield Of Heracles”


In Book XVIII of Iliad, Homer told that Hephaestus the lame one made a shield –aspis- of precious metals for Achilles. The god adorned the surface of the weapon with various drawings. He drew the earth, the sky and the sea. He also depicted the daily life of ordinary people. Among these scenes were a wedding celebration and a fight at a market place. There were also two armies, two shepherds with their flocks and the enemy to attack them. Farm workers, a vineyard, cattles and a pasture and a group of young men and women dancing together were also among the drawings. On the other hand it was river Oceanus which encircled the rim of the shield. Hesiod, following the example of Homer, portrayed the shield of Heracles in his epic “Shield of Heracles”. Like Achilles’s, it was made by Hephaestus and was decorated with various drawings. Mythological scenes as well as the city and people’s lives were among these depictions. Furthermore Hesiod’s description was so animate that it was not impossible for the audience to think of it as it was genuine. These two shields were also among the earliest examples of ecphrasis in Ancient Greek literature.


Keywords


Homer, Achilles, Hesiod, Heracles, shield

Author : Didem DEMİRALP
Number of pages: 359-370
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.7697
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Journal of Turkish Studies
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