@article{2013,title={Effects Of Idealism And Realism On The Development Of Republican Period Turkish Educational System},abstractNode={What determines the educational system of any country is its political, social, and economic circumstances. The main factor underlying the ideas and events which lead these political, social, and economic circumstances is the ideology adopted by this country, in other words, its philosophy. In line with the main philosophical approach, principles of education are determined and put into practice to try to reach the desired social structure. Like every other educational system, the Turkish educational system cannot be evaluated independently from the conditions of the country. The political, social, and economic structure of Republic of Turkey and the ideology it adopted will shape the principles which the Turkish educational system will be based on, or, in other words, its philosophy. This is what the founders of the Republic of Turkey set out to do when they articulated the structure and goals of a revolutionary educational system in the 1920s intended to modernize the social structure. The founders of the Republic believed that the educational/instructional system used by the Ottoman Empire had been one of the major reasons for the underdevelopment of the Turkish nation. The founders of the republic thought that the Ottoman Empire had collapsed since it had not been able to reach the level of development of the West, so they sought ways to avoid the same fate. They regarded education as the key factor that would remove underdevelopment and construct a modern society. Therefore, it is necessary to trace the roots of the educational philosophy of Republic of Turkey in its foundation process and goals. In this study, the influences of idealist and realist perspectives on the educational system in the early of the republic were introduced and it was argued that these perspectives guided the new republic’s efforts both to foster the Turkish nationalism and to develop a modern and scientifically-oriented society.},author={Zafer Yılmaz},year={2013},journal={Journal of Turkish Studies}}