On the Two Loan words Ceviz and Koz in Turkish

One of the results of communication between languages is loanwords. Loanwords are defined generally as “words which are conveyed from one language to another either directly, by translation or by adaptation." Such terms as borrowing, code copying are also used for the same concept. There have many categorizations for borrowing or for loanwords both of which have different types. When words are conveyed exactly like the original without any changes they are called loanwords, when the receiving language makes some changes on the item being conveyed it is called loanblend, when the “meaning” of a word is conveyed from one language to another it is called loanshift or calque. If you take a close look at these categorizations, it can be seen that loanwords are either conveyed without any changes, with some changes, or meanings are conveyed instead of words. There is one more borrowing technic, doublet, by use of which many words have been conveyed into Turkish vocabulary. In this study, such loanwords as ceviz and koz which have been conveyed into Turkish vocabulary by use of doublet technic are examined. These two words are frequently used in Standard Turkish, and also in many Anatolian accents. In this study the roots of ceviz stemming from Arabic and koz stemming from Persian according to the Turkish Dictionary are investigated in light of the concept of doublet.

Keywords

loanword, borrowing, doublet, adaptation, substitution, phono-semantic metamorphosis, ceviz, koz