@article{2020,title={The Last Monumental Tomb of Mughal Dynasty Bibi Ka Maqbara (The Tomb of Rabia-Ud Durani &Mini Taj Mahal)},abstractNode={Mughals reigned in Indian subcontinent that is many areas including today’s India, Pakistan and Bangladesh for nearly two centuries, and they built important monumental buildings in these large areas. In their period, unique examples were produced especially in tomb architecture. The Tomb of Taj Mahal in the city of Agra, which Shah Jahan had built for his wife Mumtaz Mahal (1631-48), perhaps made the tomb architecture unattainable, and carried it to its last stage not only in Mughal period but also in the framework of Turkish-Islamic period. Taj Mahal can be an example for many tombs built after it, and it left behind many monumental tombs built before and after it. Taj Mahal Tomb was also almost a prototype for Bibi Ka Maqbara, which is the subject of the research. Bibi Ka Maqbara had been built (1651-1661) in Aurangabad city of India by Muhammad Azam Shah, the son of Aurangzeb, for his mother Dilras Banu Begum. The tomb is usually compared with Taj Mahal, the tomb of Aurangzeb’s mother, Mumtaz Mahal, and therefore is called as “The Taj of Deccan or Mini Taj Mahal.” Both tombs had been built for the favorite wives of the rulers of the related periods. On the inscription located over the main entrance gate of the construction, it is stated that the architect of the building was Ataullah, the son of Master Ahmad Lahauri, one of the architects of Taj Mahal, and it was designed by Hanspat Rai, one of the engineers of the period. The construction also draws attention with its Charbagh-styled garden. The tomb is located on a square platform, and there is a minaret with two balconies on each corner of the platform. The inside plan of the tomb is square and the outside is octagon, and it is covered with dome. The tomb was built with a material, a mixture of limestone and gypsum, and its platform and dome is white marble. The ornamental design of the tomb is also at great importance as well as its architecture and material. It is seen that the intense botanical ornaments of Taj Mahal, which was created by a high level of relief and carving techniques, were employed here with the same intensity but by using a different material, on the limestone and gypsum instead of white marble. While the first monumental tomb of Mughal period is Humayun’s Tomb in Delhi, the last one is Bibi Ka Maqbara. In this research, the similarities and differences between the Tomb and Islamic and Turkish tomb architecture and its place among Mughal tomb examples will be evaluated, and also both architectural features and ornamental design of the tomb will be handled.},author={Fadime ÖZLER},year={2020},journal={Turkish Studies-Social Sciences}}