https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=sayi_detay&sayi_id=336 Turkish Studies - International en 2026-07-16 <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Ankara Bilim &Uuml;niversitesi</p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Maltepe Kamp&uuml;s&uuml;</p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Maltepe Mahallesi Şehit G&ouml;nen&ccedil; Caddesi No: 5 &Ccedil;ankaya, Ankara, T&Uuml;RKİYE</p> <p style="margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>Web: </strong><a href="https://ankarabilim.edu.tr">https://ankarabilim.edu.tr</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>Telefon:</strong> <a href="tel:4442228">444 22 28</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>E-mail:</strong>&nbsp;<a href="mailto:info@ankarabilim.edu.tr">info@ankarabilim.edu.tr</a></p> https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20351 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20351 Karim Farouk Ahmed ABDELDAİM The research aims to monitor the linguistic phenomena in the Mardin dialect and the linguistic changes that have occurred, analyzed them in the light of modern linguistics, while distinguishing between what they agreed with other dialects of Arabic and what they diverged from, while monitoring the historical development of their phenomena. We have divided these phenomena on: Synthetic phenomena: We analyze by analyzing the grammatical and morphological phenomena of expression, construction, pronoun, derivation, measurement, and order of sentence. And sound phenomena: We analyze by analyzing the linguistic phenomena of vocal harmony, phonetic wear, and the separation of wrong, accent, phonic clips, tilt, and facilitate. And phenotypic phenomena: where we analyze the analysis of emphasis, the transfer of significance, the distribution of significance, and the allocation of significance. And social phenomena: we monitor the influence of the languages of society in Mardin dialect. On the basis of the previous, the research aims to monitor the linguistic phenomena in the Mardin dialect, the linguistic changes that have taken place, and analyze them by modern linguistics, with the distinction between what the Mardin dialect with other Arabic dialects, and what diverged from those dialects. With monitoring the historical development of its phenomena, because this monitoring is a broader understanding of languages and their development and identification of external influences affecting them, hoping to add to the modern linguistic lesson. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20426 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20426 Nilüfer AKA ERDEM Şota Rustaveli, who was predicted to live in the most magnificent era of Georgia between at the end of 12th century and in the beginning of 13th century, with the work he wrote “A Knight in Tiger Skin” he pioneered following poet gaining an important place in Georgian Literature. This work maintains its aliveness for centuries as sample of individual and national value of all Georgian population. In A Knight in Tiger Skin, with the emotions including unity, integrity, friendship, loyalty, self-sacrifice and patriotism, love constitutes main theme of this work. Consequently, work in which love and passion intensively appear as a fact within universal meaning, is suitable for analyzing with the method “Triangle Desire Method” of Rene Girard. In Rene Girard’s work called “Romantic Lie and Novel Like Truth” he discusses almost every literary work on imitate desire orientation with a reflected revealed axle. In other words, in a literary work if the subject is in a free style and desire comes into being by itself, it is romantic work, if a mediator word is the topic it shows characteristic of novel like work. If there is a mediator word between subject and the desired object, namely direct relationship without a vehicle, it is romantic lie; between subject and desired object if there is a desired or imitated mediator word, it is novel like truth. In this context, it will be discussed that the work called “A Knight in Tiger Skin” is either Romantic Lie or Novel Like Truth providing basis of every fictional structure of Rene Girard. Desire triangles in saga will be analyzed through incident links considering romantic designing fiction. Desire of seeing Tariyel of Arabian King Erestevan, love with protagonist Tariyel and Nestan, love of Avtandil and Tantana, and reaching of Avtandil to Tariyel will be analyzed within the frame of subject-object-mediator relationship benefiting triangle desire model work of Rene Girard. Thus, an answer will be looked for the question it is whether Romantic Lie or Novel Like Truth with complicated structure of work. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20513 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20513 İlyas AKMAN The absence of unity in the place, the domination of eclectic understanding, the presence of hyperspace are the hallmarks of the space of the postmodern era. Especially the developments in the field of information and technology are the main reasons for the formation of this new space concept. The boundary between spaces disappearance with technological development. The invention of radio and television accelerates the intercultural transitivity. These social developments are directly reflected in art and literature. Postmodern writers do not establish spaces that have definite boundaries and can be defined by clear features. İnstead of that, They adopt a new concept given the name "collage space". In this new understanding, it is witness to the side of spaces that are not thought to be side by side. The concepts of hyperspace and cyberspace are other concepts used to describe the space conception of the postmodern era. Especially the invention of the internet makes the existence of such places inevitable. Postmodern time is not a structure that has its boundaries defined and flows in a row. On the contrary, there is a sense of time that can not be determined, spiral, intertwined. Bilge Karasu applies postmodern space and time in his works like Night, Guide, “İsland”, “Store”, “A Medieval Dervish”. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20313 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20313 Hanifi ASLAN As the author/artist is a member of a society/nation in the narrow sense and a member of the humanity in the broad sense, it is normal to encounter the traces and the echoes of his/her perception, thought and way of interpretation at his/her works. It is normal in both ways: it is a compulsory outcome because of his/her body of knowledge and the artist creates for the sake of his/her stance against the world, as well. “The literature would lend you into a fight” says Sartre in “What’s Literature?”. Here, the word “literature” could be read as the literary work that the artist revealed. The author/ artist, in relation to the environment he/she belongs to, would be with the society in their joy and sorrow with the products that is put forward. It is more often seen in this way either at public disaster or in ‘national’ occasions. In times of facing a public disaster in which every one/every group tries to find his own solution, of course the artist – a group as we know has the emotional sensitivity - would serve a solution, seek remedies; would endeavour for focusing the attention and making the problem clear at least. One of the most striking example of this phenomena is the flute players (neyzen) of Konya who went to the front in the War of Independence. The matter that should be considered in terms of both the artist and the audience is to stand decisively against art’s being engaged or reduced to a tool of propaganda. However, the particular artist would success as art both liberates the artist and the society as well. Yahya Kemal’s “Bayram Morning at Süleymaniye Mosque” (Süleymaniye’de Bayram Sabahı), Mehmet Akif’s poem that is known with the line of “Where have you been O God of Justice, get my mouth dry” (Ağzım kurusun yok musun ey adl-ilahi) and Halit Ziya’s “A Sad Friday” (Hazin Bir Cuma) will be analysed in this essay comparatively as they have similar content. These works will be criticized from sociological perspective rather than literary aspect. The artist’s sensibility and his/her opinion leadership will be emphasized. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20283 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20283 Ferda ATLI Aşk-ı Memnu, one of the most prestigious works of Turkish Literature is one of the most important novels of Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil. From the first times that the novel published, it was a very popular topic for many critics. When the novel is critiqued in detail, the magnificent knowledge accumulation of the author about human psychology and physiology takes attention. Body movements and the character analysis history go back to Before Christ. In the Ancient times human character analysis were based on anasır-ı erbaa respect to four elements that are fire, air, aqua and earth and ahlat-ı erbaa that is bodily fluids; blood, yellow bile, black bile and phlegm. Lately, character analysis mostly depended on morphologic features of human body. A Sigmund Freud unconscious analysis method tries to explain the depressed complexes by using the symbolic values of the things from the dreams. All those information have huge effects on literature that is highly correlated with human psychology. Depending on that fact, authors and poets aims to reach unconscious vestibules of human and created more deep artifacts. Researchers that face those kinds of arts needs to be more qualified in order to keep themselves up to date. Interdisciplinary works and analysis that brings literature and psychology together mainly exist just because of that reason. Aşk-ı Memnu, is one of the very early examples of Naturalism in Turkish Literature. If that novel is critiqued depending on the mentioned information, it is obvious that the novel contains lots of knowledge and information about body type and character from both old school and modern school. In this study, the five main character of the novel; Bihter, Nihal, Behlül, Firdevs Hanım and Adnan Bey will be deeply analyzed first based on anasır-ı erbaa and ahlat-ı erbaa facts, and then Kretschmer, Sheldon and Corman will be followed. Their studies on body type and character harmony will be linked to Freud’s psychoanalytic methodology. On the other hand, author – period – current analysis also will be included in the study. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20422 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20422 Sami BASKIN, Gülnur BİROL Especially in the last fifty years there has been a tremendous increase in the number of dictionary types parallel to the progress of information technology. During this period, dictionary types such as monolingual, bilingual, multilingual, translation, term, pictorial, printed, electronic, children, learner dictionaries were presented to users. Researches show that users find it difficult to select the appropriate source for their needs from within this broad dictionary types, and often cannot find the right one. Naturally, users who hope to remove the question marks in their heads, either they get the wrong / incomplete information or they are unable to obtain the information they seek because they prefer the wrong work. In order to remove this undesirable situation, it is necessary to explain the concepts of "monolingual, bilingual, bilingualized, printed, electronic" dictionary that users frequently encounter and to show which dictionary should be consulted by whom in which case. For this purpose, previous studies with document analysis, which is one of the qualitative research methods, and sources related to the field were examined in the context of the problem culprit, "Which dictionary should be used by whom in which case?", and from the obtained findings, dictionary types have been defined, compared with each other, and it has been explained who should consult to which dictionary. Besides, it also shows who the users are and when they apply to the dictionary. Thus, the superior (advantageous) and weak (disadvantageous) aspects of the "monolingual, bilingual, bilingualized, printed and electronic" dictionaries frequently encountered by dictionary users can be identified and various suggestions have been made to enable them to "choose the right dictionary". 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20336 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20336 Aslı BÜYÜKOKUTAN TÖRET When it is said wedding which brings individuals and communities together, socialize, giving them the opportunity to express themselves, developing their feelings of cooperating, solidarity and belonging, providing the transmission of value judgements to younger generations, entertainment is the first thing that comes to mind; when it comes to entertainment as well, it is dance that first comes to mind. Music, entertainment and dance are the parts of weddings which cannot be apart from weddings. Dances performed in weddings that blowing of steam, draining accumulated energies and discharging, especially women in traditional communities get the opportunities to be released from the stresses arising from communal norms even if partially. Women who are expected to be serious and sober without weddings and kept under the stress and control in the context of social norms are allowed to be released from these stress and control mechanisms within the obvious limits determined by the community as well even if partially. This paper points out the “women as an inviting to dance” also known as “attracting women” who persuade the guests to perform the dance in the ceremonies including the activities and events in the way of “henna night’’, “wedding - main wedding’’ and “veil’’ in traditional Turkish weddings which mostly women participate and conduct. In paticular before 1960s, at the weddings where women and men used to enjoy in the way they would not see each other and there was not still an orchestra, the introductory information will be given in terms of the identities, rolls and status of the women who conducted the musical programs during the ceremony cheering up the atmosphere, identify of women invited the guests to the dance, and they will refer to the individual and communal functions of the activities in question. By the determinations and reviews which will be done in the light of the datas obtained from verbal and written sources, they will try to give the answer in the context of constructions and functions to the question of what is the position of women at ceremonies in the city societies today, who in a sense used to organize entertainments in traditional communities. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20495 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20495 Suzana CANHASİ, Seniha GÜLDEREN, KRASNİÇİ Kosovo Turkish dialects constitute a significant part of Rumelia Turkish dialects. Kosovo Turkish dialects noun suffixes have not been studied thus far. This study aims the analysis of noun suffixes in miscellaneous texts. The texts we have used are from the doctoral studies (the numbers are from the same texts). Kosovo Turkish dialects may include forms violating the grammar of Turkey Turkish language. These various forms can be seen in the root of the word and the case suffixes. In addition to the situations such as omissions, extensions, and consonant and vowels exchanges in the suffixes, the impact of other languages, such as Serbian and Albanian, play the extended role as well. We aimed the clarification of such variations. Turkish language spoken in Kosovo is accepted as a dialect of Turkey Turkish language. The first salient thing between the Kosovo Turkish dialects and Turkey Turkish language is the difference in the phones and structure. When we mention Kosovo Turkish dialects we mean Pristina, Prizren, Mitrovica, Gilan, Vucitern, Dobercan and Mamusa dialect. There are some differences in the Turkish versions used in these places. To exemplify, Mitrovica population used to consist of mainly Serbians and Bosnians thus we see their influence. While in Pristina and Prizren the influence of Albanian language is more evident. These influences can often be research subjects of philologists. Nonetheless, we centered upon the differences from the case suffixes viewpoint. Case suffixes are the noun declension suffixes which are very common and influencing the sentence meaning. In the process of our analysis of the noun suffixes, we identified the influence of other languages, phonetic changes and the functions of the suffixes. The study equally embraced, the sorting of the cases by the Kosovo philologists as well as examined the cases separately. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20346 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20346 Jale COŞKUN The article is devoted to an actual problem of borrowings in the Russian-speaking youth discourse. This problem is little studied and requires for further research. The article attempts to defining the contemporary discourse of young people as one of the social variants of the Russian language. The relevance of the article is determined by the fact that in the modern linguistics is no single definition of the using terms "dialect", "Argo", "jargon", "slang". The aim of the article is to analyze the term "youth slang", the analysis of criteria for identifying slang vocabulary. The article attempts to identify and delineate the unity of the youth discourse in communications, analyzed the foreign-language borrowing in the youth speech, as well as methods of producing words in youth slang, jargon replenishment sources are described. Based on this work, we can conclude that the source of the youth lexicon are all forms of existence of the Russian national language, as well as borrowing from foreign languages, especially English. It was concluded that youth slang enriches youth discourse semantically by the "new" units, so there is an interaction of different language subsystems. Lexical units or idioms are the youth jargon when they have certain symptoms. They are present in the speech of young people, have a decrease in the stylistic and expressive at a slang. The article concluded: youth slang always replenished, while semantically reinterpreted many native Russian words. Replenishment of the youth lexicon also takes place at the expense of foreign-language borrowing and active processes of word formation. In the Russian-speaking contemporary youth jargon practically all methods of derivation, it confirms the thesis of the constant updating of the vocabulary of slang. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20385 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20385 Musa ÇİFCİ, Önder SEZER In this study, we aim to reveal and record the words or elements in general in Turkish which are not included in the Turkish Compilation Dictionary (DS) as they have not been compiled but used in the Burunarkaç village of Emirdağ, Afyon Province through making an original dictionary of these words and elements. To this end, the new words compiled, the Compilation Dictionary (DS), the glossaries in the dialectological studies and articles named or having the content of “Contribution to the DS” have been scanned and controlled, and a small dictionary has been prepared with the words or phrases that do not exist or exist with different meanings. The dictionary is comprised of two entry list: words and idioms. There 128 entries in the dictionary, 100 of which are words, 25 idioms and 3 proverbs. The definitions of the words compiled have been given and sample sentences have been used. If the word is already in the DS, the difference/s in meaning has/ have been mentioned. The words compiled have not been analyzed phonetically. Indeed, not many differences between written language and spoken language of Burunarkaç exist. Only nasal n (ñ), long vowels (ā), closed e (é), diphthongs (iğseri  īseri) and vowels pronounced long (nākıt) have been shown with the same symbol. The consonant changes k  g, v, f, h  h, t  d have also been shown; however, no etymological information has been given. The words recorded through this study may be in use in other dialects or regions; the limitations of this article is Burunarkaç village. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20407 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20407 Leyla Çiğdem DALKILIÇ Current research views language in two ways: 1) as a constant “systematic” structure and 2) as a “functional” dynamic structure. Language exists to express dynamism, in other words, thoughts. Thoughts manifest in language and are understandable only within the specific speech world of the speaker. In other words, speech differs from person to person as it is an expression of the i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19591 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19591 Shokhsanam DAVRONOVA The paper deals with the interpretation the problems of perfect mankind’s upbringing, which is considered main ideological base of East people, also Uzbek classic literature in Uzbek novels. A concept of perfect person accumulating spiritual world of people availing features of harmony and accomplishment from mental, educational and physical point of view had been highlighted in the imaginative literature within in numerous topics. Being of the most important issues of Orient and Western literature, perfect person education was differently illustrated in various periods, countries, in various publications under different approaches. Imaginative interpretation of issues like bravery, self-dedication, consent, education, justice, faith do represent everlasting and vivid value and peculiarity of the literary heritage. Probably in this context, perfect person and his demeanor, spiritual features remain as esthetic idol for the nowadays authors alike classic literature of the past. Our authors attempted to utilize ideological concept, everlasting and overwhelming philosophy represented in Classic Literal heritage in verification and enhancement of spiritual, mental, intellectual pecualiarity of a person of new age. Besides serving as a source for ideology of perfect person, didactic rooter and spiritual nourishment, which was considered to be a prior aspect in Classic literal heritages turn to be a stable background for nowadays literature. A tendency in creation of novels in traditions of Uzbek classic literature, especially, in nowadays Uzbek novels, is also evident within an issue of perfect person upbringing as well. All problems belonging to the upbringing of perfect man of the Uzbek modern novels are reflected in this paper. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20451 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20451 Mehmet Volkan DEMİREL Modality/modal is a verb category along with tense and aspect. In universal typological examinations, mood and modality are categories that are considered together. Kerimoğlu (2010) adopts the view that mood and modality should not be taken as completely different categories. He argues that the relationship between mood and modality is that of a piece-whole level, and is about comprehensiveness rather than a basic difference. There is a difference between mood and modality in terms of scope, rather than function (Kerimoğlu, 2010:71). In recent years, studies have been conducted in which modality was used as a typological parameter and modality classifications were proposed in a way to cover all world languages by examining languages in terms of modality. In one of these studies, Palmer (2011) divides modality into two main groups as “proposition” and “event”. Within propositional modality, he includes “epistemic” and “evidential” modalities. Epistemic modality consists of the categories “speculative, deductive and assumptive”, while evidential modality contains “reported and sensory”. “Event modality” that focuses on the events that have not occurred, or have the possibility to occur is divided into the categories “deontic” and “dynamic”. Deontic includes “permissive, obligative and commissive”, whereas motion has the categories “ability and volitive”. In this study, the modalities marked by the morpheme “–(y)AcAk” in various text types included in Turkish coursebooks. By reviewing other studies on the morpheme “–(y)AcAk”, it was aimed to reveal various aspects of this morpheme in Turkish. In the light of the findings –(y) AcAk morpheme marks the categories epistemic, evidential and deontic. The results obtained from this study can contribute to teaching Turkish as either a first language or a foreign language. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20305 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20305 Fethi DEMİR, Yunus KUŞ Underground literature is accepted as a movement/tendency/genre which starts to take on a popular dimension with the globalization emerging in modern and post-modern literature. Every kind of illegal and anomalous behaviours and deeds take place in underground literature, which objects to the dominant powers, denies the established order and its all units and standards of judgements and which is nourished with subcultures. Besides; sexuality, violence, drug use, nihilism and anarchism is achieved with a Jacobin approach and as for tone; slang, swearing, kitsch and carelessness dominates the work. In addition to this, the fact that “underground discourse” becomes widespread especially after 1960s and particularly in America, gains popularity and even becomes the focus of capitalist art and literature industry paradoxically problematize the underground literature. In this circumstance, the subjects like what underground literature is, whether the writer, the work or oppression methods should be “Underground”, what it involves and which writers/works should be involved in this literature becomes completely contradictive and inextricable. Although “underground” tendency can be found in poetry and theatre, too, it is essentially seen in novel among literary genres. As for novel which gain strength with modernization as a narrative of bourgeoisie, as well as completing different phases like classical, modern and postmodern, it experiences a perpetual change and transformation. This transformation, like a metamorphosis, mostly manifests itself in the basic narrative elements of a novel like fiction, theme, characters, language and tone. Narrative format of a novel also changes in parallel with scientific developments, art and fashion movement, economic, artistic and cultural accumulation and social requirements. Hence, while some narrative elements lose their significance, some narrative elements become prominent depending on some genres and movements. And, some others undergo a radical change and are handled with a different point of view. So, Underground Literature is the literary genre which reproduces, deforms and probably affects mostly elements like fiction, characters, language and tone that are basic narrative elements of a novel in classical manner. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20478 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20478 Ali DUMAN One of the 18th-century poets Erzurumlu Rahmi (d. 1808/9), was grown in the Classical Turkish Literature epoch, and one of the outstanding poets of his era. He was born in Erzurum. He had had a good education since his childhood and worked as a muderris in different madrasas in Istanbul. Because of his muderris quality, he had been called as “Hoca Rahmi” in his period. He died in 1223/1808-09 in Istanbul. He had a strong mystic identity as well as his knowledge. The poet whose poems were mystical, wrote out eulogy, münacat, hymn mostly. His four opuses, which are Divan, Refîk-ı Tarîk, İnşâ-yı Mergûb ve Avâmil-i Âtîka, are known. Beyond the doubt, his most famous opus is his Divan. Available information states that there are three episodes that are registered in domestic and overseas records. However, at the end of our researches, we confirmed that those two episodes do not belong to Erzurumlu Rahmi, instead they belong to other poets whose pseudonyms were “Rahmi”. There is a record in the “Yapı Kredi Sermet Çifter Araştırma Kütüphanesi Türkçe Yazmalar No:508/2” which is considered the edition of Turkey. Nevertheless, this brief manuscript, Mecmūʿa-i Eşʿār, which is registered with the name of Erzurumlu Rahmi, does not belong to Erzurumlu Rahmi. In the Fatin Tezkiresi, the first ode whose first couplet is; “Seyret o mahı mihr ü felek söyledim saña Ḥüsn-i perile reşk-i melek söyledim saña” is recorded with the name of Kirimli Rahmi who has been mentioned above. We, by ourselves provided the editions from above-mentioned library. We decided that this work is not similar with the author edited Divan we have. It is certain that this edition which is the 19-leaf anthology of ode belongs to Kirimli Rahmi. In this article, Erzurumlu Rahmi’s life, literary personality, and opuses will be mentioned. Then specimens of his Divan will be presented along with Divan’s definition, poetic and content features. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20325 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20325 Sevim GÜLDÜRMEZ The legend of Faust inspires the German literature and becomes a source by which many world literature and many branches of art get inspired from it. Based on this, the poignancy of the tragedy written by Goethe's Faust enables to assess the journey of the people in life in the context of principles of modernism, unlike the classic Faust legends. Appearing as anachronic at first glance, this interest enables the relation of the people with the external world by opening gradually as you go deeper into the text, or their attempt to be in this world, and sometimes to present the reflection of desire to have more and criticize the idea that produces them and have an analysis mechanism in general terms and examine miscellaneous events and situations. Goethe's Faust involves the adventure of the modern people, their break from the tradition and its lifestyle, questioning themselves and what happens around them, disorganized aspects of the society, and operation of the new order and much more. However, it is of the global quality both in the individual and social sense, rather than being the reflection of the German society only and enters into the public domain to be assessed under modernism. First of all, the movements, philosophers, ideas that influenced the Goethe while he creates his artwork, have been addressed in this study, and then the relation of people with the world and their journey throughout the earth have been traced in the context of modernism and laid the groundwork for Faust by occasionally relating with Turkish literature. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20370 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20370 Zehra GÜLMÜŞ The names of literary figures are of particular interest to literary scholars. They become a challenge for the translator, especially if the names in a literary work function as a literary technique for guiding the readers’ reception. Just like metaphors, wordplays or realia, character names in a literary work constitute translation problems for which the translator needs to choose a translation procedure. This is why they are of interest to literary translations studies scholars, too. This study focuses on the translation of character names, taking Ahmet Mithat Efendi's novel Felâtun Bey İle Rakım Efendi and its translation into German under the title Felatun Bey und Rakım Efendi by Beatrix Caner as a case in point, with a view to contributing to a specific problem in literary translation. This work is selected as it is a novel well-known for the symbolism of names. The aim of this study is to deduce the translator’s translation strategy by analyzing the transfer of character names and then determine the extent to which ‘functionality’ and ‘loyalty’, as defined by Nord’s functional theory, are considered in the translation. In the analysis, the first step has been to find out the purpose (skopos) of the translation given that the intended skopos of the target text determines the choice of the translator’s strategy. Then the translation procedures used by the translator have been analyzed in more detail based on selected names of the literary figures in the novel. The analysis has shown that Caner adopted different procedures for the translation of character names. The procedures used by Caner in the translation of character names conform to Nord’s concepts of ‘function’ and ‘loyalty’ throughout the novel. Caner’s translation is compatible with the skopos, which was announced in the paratexts of the translation, as well as with the intention of the source text author. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20531 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20531 Aslı GÜRER This study aims to shed light on the prosodic properties of broad focus sentences in Karachay-Balkar dialect, which belongs to Kipchak language group. Within this systematic experimental study, the target sentences which are embedded in broad focus contexts are acted out by native speakers of the dialect living in Turkey. The target sentences are all in SOV order. With the aim of carrying out a phonetic analysis based on fundamental frequency measurements without perturbations, the words of the target sentences are chosen as words composed of sonorant or voiced obstruent sounds. All the words are finally stressed words. The prosodic investigation focuses on pitch tracks of the target sentences using Praat (Boersma and Weenink 1992-2017) and comparison of the pitch tracks based on normalized values taking syllables as measurement domains for fundamental frequency. The results of the study indicate that (i) a rise surfaces at the right edge of the domain including the subject, (ii) a slight bump is realized on the final syllable of the object in the medial domain, (iii) the reference height preserved till the medial domain is lowered following the right edge of this domain which indicates that the immediately preverbal domain is the nuclear domain attracting main prominence within the intonational phrase, (iv) a low reference height is retained in the final domain including the verb which is labeled the post-nuclear domain. Comparing the prosody of sentences with finally stressed words with sentences composed of non-finally stressed words will shed further light on the prosodic organization of this dialect. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20525 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20525 Nilüfer GÜRER Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoglu’s famous novel called Ankara has a significant place in Turkish literature. The book discusses the transformation of the city of Ankara from the period of pre-Sakarya War, through the declaration of Turkish Republic to the early Republican era with regard to socio-cultural relations and spatial concerns. The novel is structured in three parts. The first part starts with picturing the pre-Sakarya War (pre-1922) period and tells about Nazif Bey and his spouse Selma Hanim’s arrival to and settlement in Ankara. The second part emphasizes the changes and reforms experienced between the years 1922 and 1926. The last part portrays social change, social relations and spatial transformation in the aftermath of the declaration of the Republic. This article mainly examines public spaces and activities taking place therein which are crucial for the formation of socio-cultural relations within the context of the book. In particular, it discusses what recreational activities that shape social life are, how they are shaped, in what way they are perceived by the people of the novel and their impacts on their lifestyles. The article examines the creation of a capital city in the early Republican era and the urbanization dimension of this process. In this regard, problems and difficulties associated with living in a newly-established and underdeveloped city and their impacts on the heroes’ daily lives are analyzed. The originality of this article lies in its ability to discuss the development and transformation process of the city by focusing on the lives of the characters. Inferences regarding urban development, recreational areas and recreational facilities are made through the examination of quotations from the novel and an overall comprehensive evaluation is provided. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20367 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20367 Pınar GÜZELYÜREK ÇELİK, Lale ARSLAN ÖZCAN Interpreting education is carried out at private or public universities at the undergraduate or graduate level in Europe, and these programs accept students on special exams. Candidates must have at least three languages in their language combination. The language combination contains A (mother tongue or language equivalent to mother tongue), B (active language) and C (passive language) languages. This situation is different in Turkey. It was examined in this study that whether the current language level of students placed in Yildiz Technical University Translation and Interpretation (French) Department is sufficient for the translation education. Therefore, the question of whether the student language level who placed in these departments with ÖSYS (Measuring, Selection and Placement Center) coincides with the translation education criteria is searched. For this purpose, in this study, it was tried to investigate that adequacy of translation and interpreting studies and language level of students who placed at YTU Translation and Interpreting Studies Department by Language 1 exam scores at YGS (Higher Education Examination) and LYS 5 (Undergraduate Placement Examination) exams. First of all, the entrance examination system applied in the translation schools in Europe and the existing ÖSYS were compared. In this context, the entrance exam held in the Institut Supérieur d'Interprétation et de Traduction (ISIT) is based on. Thus, the differences between the exam systems are explained in a descriptive method. Then, an exam within the scope of the visa exam which was taken as an example of ISIT system was applied to a study group of 14 students chosen from first grade and the results were examined quantitatively and qualitatively. As a result, concrete suggestions have been told for solving problematic. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20412 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20412 Müge IŞIKLAR KOÇAK A considerable number of studies have been conducted on retranslations, and many focus on explaining the reasons for the production of retranslation in its own context, while others consist of detailed case studies focusing on the strategies or norms used in retranslations and their possible effects on political and cultural contexts. However, readers, readers’ expectations and their tentative position have only been partially analyzed in translation research, and this analysis has not been directly connected with research on retranslation. This study focuses on readers, and aims to reveal their active role in creating consciousness on the reading public about retranslations in Turkey. Unlike many previous studies, in this study, data on readers’ reactions will be collected from online sites rather than newspapers or magazines. This study will further demonstrate that readers openly express their opinions about first translations and retranslations on forums, blogs, publishing house web-sites, and magazines. Due to recent technological advances, the Internet provides readers a channel for complaints and suggestions, and thus the opportunity to be involved in the discussions on re/translations. Finally, this paper suggests that the blogs, forums, and publishing house web-sites can be used as both primary and extra-textual sources by translation researchers. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20546 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20546 Muhammet NALBAT Turkish literature needs to be discussed and assessed in a holistic approach, taking its historical development into consideration. The classical period of Turkish literature will be understood and interpreted more accurately within this approach. In this context, literary products belonging to different fields of Turkish literature, especially divans, are of great importance for researchers. In this work, we will focus on Zevkî , one of the Azerbajiani poets whose life we do not have definite knowledge about today, and his Divan. We get more information from Persian sources than Turkish sources about Zevkî who is supposed to have lived in the 17th century. The unique copy of the Divan is registered in the "Supplement Turc 733 (cote)" at the ‘’Collections of the Manuscripts Department of Paris National Library’’ and consists of 168 leaves. Most of the poems in Divan are sufi gazelles discussing sufistic subjects. Apart from the gazelles, Divan has poems formed in “murabba”, “ muhammes”, “müseddes” and “müstezad”. Conducting from the nazires in the Divan, it is understood that the most important characteristic of the poet is him being a follower of Nesîmî. Apart from this, the other important characteristics of Zevki are that he has a strong Shi'i emphasis in his poems and he is influenced by Hurufism in a certain extent. In the Divan, besides Turkish poems, different forms of verse are involved and there are also Persian poems in mystical identity. The Persian poems are present at the beginning, at the sides and at the end of the Divan. On the last page of the Divan, there is also an augur text in Persian that arguedly was narrated by Hazrat Ali. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20292 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20292 Sıtkı NAZİK Love which is one of the factors that the sufism and literature give importance has been considered and studied in the literature with the effect of sufism in two ways as “real” and “humane” loves. In this sense, the living creatures which are loved are put into a discrimination. The beloved one who is evaluated mainly in two categories as the type of beloved one “being idealized 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20391 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20391 Yusuf Kenan ÖNCÜ The migration movement to Germany began in the mid-1950s, when Germany needed workers for its industry. Within a very short time, thousands of young and healthy migrants were brought to Germany. The literature of immigrants in Germany began to spread firstly in the 80 years, but the first literary attempts had already begun in the early 1950s. The Turks and Arabs followed them. When we examine the Turkish migrant literature, we find two varieties of texts: texts written in Turkish or German and published only in the original language, and texts written in Turkish or German and translated into the other language. There are also young writers who have been born in Germany or have come to Germany at a young age, writing their works only in German because they speak the German language better than the Turkish. Levent Aktoprak, Akif Pirinçci, İhsan Atacan, Feridun Zaimoğlu, Renan Demirkan, Zehra Çırak are some of them. Zafer Şenocak is also a representative of this generation. He moved to Germany with his family in 1970 at the age of nine, and at the end of the 1970s he appeared in German with his own poems at the end of the 1970s. The novel "Gefährliche Verwandtschaft" by Zafer Şenocak, published in 1998, tells the story of the young writer Sascha Muhteschem, son of a German-Jewish mother and a Turkish father, who grew up in Germany. In this work, the novel is to be analyzed with regard to intercultural motives. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20392 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20392 Zafer ÖZDEMİR Travel essays take advantage of various sorts of writings. Nevertheless, only successful works can go beyond this eclectic structure and construct an authentic one. Not just reflecting styling features such as essay, memory, letter and literature in their content, travel essays also make use of different disciplines like statistics, geography and climatology. In addition, these essays embrace its authenticity as they are based on observation and put forward what is seen at first sight. This feature differentiates itself from memories that mainly reflect agent’s experiments. Despite its historical, cultural and sociological aspects of reality are critically debated, travel essays provide important information for social science literature. Travel essays in the late Ottoman period are mostly referred in the journal of Servet-i Fünun in parallel with the idea of Westernization. Ahmet İhsan, both pursuing the director of the journal and sharing his travel essays in those times, was considered to be a leading figure in the literature of travel essays. There are more than a hundred travel essays observed in the journal of Servet-i Fünun exploring Ottoman geography together with other parts of the world such as Europe, America, Africa, Asia and high latitudes. This study explores the travel essay “Suriye’de Bir Cevelan” authored by Ahmet İhsan Tokgöz, which constitutes harmony with his publications in the journal of Servet-i Fünun as well as other essays explaining all parts of the world. It can be said that Ahmet İhsan adopts a sociological tracing with his travel essays written throughout 1891 and 1901 in the journal, of which he was founder and director. The travel essay “Suriye’de Bir Cevelan” authored by Ahmet İhsan Tokgöz provides a sociocultural tracing and analysis of 1890s cities of Damascus, Beirut and Jerusalem. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20364 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20364 Gökçe ÖZDER, Didem ARDALI BÜYÜKARMAN Education has always been the first to come to mind of the statesmen in order to shape the country and to raise the kind of citizens they wish. Particularly in the case of regime change and revolutions, it is observed that there are reformist efforts in the field of education. In the last years of the Ottoman Empire, the intellectual community offered many solution suggestions to save the state from the evil state, and there are some suggestions were related to education. Ali Nazimâ, born in 1861, was an important educator who lived in the 19th century. His works which were about 100 titles were on miscellaneous subjects varying from history to geography, from grammar to dictionary, from stories to calculus. There have been very few studies on Ali Nazimâ’s works so far, and some of these important works have not been introduced yet. So researchers are expected to shed light on many social, political, ethical, educational, pedagogical issues of the period by the help of those works. This study focuses on revealing his understanding of education through some of Ali Nazimâ's textbooks, especially the prefaces he wrote in these textbooks. In this context, first of all his life will be laid out in detail, then examples of his works will be listed and the education reforms in his time will be briefly mentioned. In his works Ali Nazimâ paid attention to child-appropriateness and wrote textbooks with methods appropriate to the age and class of the children. In addition, he set various criteria for the ideal school and classroom organization. The work will focus on a few of his works and present an educational perspective. It is aimed that this work will provide guidance to researchers and help Ali Nazimâ to be known wider. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20228 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20228 Hüseyin PAKSOY Mehmet Akif Ersoy is a poet who dedicated to the service of society and the enthusiasm that reflects the suffering the misery of society. Even in his individual feeling, there is a social way. Therefore, he is integrated with the community spirit is indeed the manifestation of society. Sometimes he is seen in a neighborhood coffee, cemetery or in a pub and sometimes he is seen in a patient’s beside. He keeps light to his society by reflecting these stages as a painter. Akif sees ignorance, laziness, radical discrimination, misunderstand of west etc. in the society so he doesn’t be slient to these bad situation. He sparks to sheet to surroundings as the most vulnerable volcane. These sparks are rebellion to the misery of society. His rebellion purposes spiritual change which takes ıts source to the endless being. This change is a call to the a more perfect order and value. These is no benefit, hatred and frustration in his call, unlike there are hope, exit, happines and love. There is a difference between Akif’s rebellion movement which takes its source to the endless being and Stirner, J.J Rousseau, Nietzche, Socretes, Kant whom they are moral philosophers. Nietzche, calls people’s happiness to strong’s dominance. According to him, weak people should be disappear against strong people and so, perfect, strong person types come up. According to J.J. Rousseau, morality realizes with nature returning. He thinks that society exterminates person’s süblime feelings and benefit come up. Stirner thinks different. He calls person’s happiness in selfishness. He opposes to the limit of self morality, religion, nature and society. There is a basic difference between Akif and other philosophers. Akif participates to the God the result of his individual deficiencies and he escapes his deficiencies by reaching to the God. But other philosophers want to create their moral rules and they don’t reach to the God. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19938 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19938 Ekrem SAKAR The term of “nazım şekli” describes an exterior part of a poem, which means it does not include its contextual and rhetorical features in Ottoman literature. In this case the concept of “şekil” has acquired a meaning which is orderly and classifiable in the literary system due to the joined characteristics of poetic verse forms. Therefore, all the forms have been defined and classified in some of studies regarding Ottoman literature. The studies that describe and classify poetic verse forms do not show complete uniformness. Also they have some classification issues and distinguishing problems regarding the characteristics of each poetic verse forms. The book, Divan Edebiyatında Tür ve Şekil Bilgisi, did not only introduce the importance of the topic, but also attempted to solve the problems. On account of that, it is a noteworthy study because it has discussed and described the classifiying methods of poetic verse forms in Ottoman literature. This article will progress based on the aforementioned book. Other studies regarding the same topic will be examined in comparative way. Books that were written before Divan Edebiyatında Tür ve Şekil Bilgisi will be examined regarding how the poetic verse forms were understood and what kind of criterions were used. The results of the article will be assessed and new suggestions from the book will be given in order to yield a comprehensive conclusion. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19999 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19999 Yoqub Siddiqovich SAYIDAOV In this article some peculiar features of Uzbek Jadid poetic works are analyzed; the lingual, contextual and stylistic features of metaphors are studied, the study of metaphors in Uzbek philology is assessed, the skillful usage of metaphors by Uzbek Jadid writers by absorbing the words such as native land, nation, freedom and education is defined. The development of the time, the change of socio-cultural and scientific mind, demands us to look at the history of Uzbek literature and its progress stages as well as the language of written sources from the new point of view and illuminate them in accordance with the historical trend. Includingly, studying Jadid’s literature and its linguistic features by using modern methods, thoughts and scientific methodological ways; revealing its historical importance in the development of Uzbek literal language and using the results of the researches in creating independent mind is the demand of our time. It is very crucial to study the works of Jadid’s representatives such as Abdurauf Fitrat, Abduhamid Chulpan, Muhammadsharif Sufizade, Karimbek Kamiy, Siddiqiy-Ajziy, Sirojiddin Sidqiy, Abdulhamid Majidiy, Is`hoqkhon Ibrat, Elbek, Botu and research on the purist movement which appeared at that time, the penetration of Turkish language, reveal the idea of going back to “Chigatay” language and its influence to Jadid literature, identify their hard work in enriching the vocabulary of Uzbek literal language. Jadids took responsibility of such a hard, complicated and at the same time kind work of creating the alphabet, the spelling, writing of Uzbek national literal language. They fulfilled the following tasks: important theoretical matters of Uzbek literal language were solved; the way of the development of Uzbek language was defined; the spelling rules were worked out; the writing was advanced, the subject of Uzbek linguistics was realized and developed; the socio-political position of Uzbek language was increased; the lexical content of Uzbek language was renewed and enriched; the national literal Uzbek language was formed. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20548 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20548 Senem SOYER Learning a foreign language is also the process of learning the target culture at the same time. Given the strong link between language and culture, it is an integral part of language education to learn about the culturel charactaristics of the target language, such as the life and thought styles of the society, traditions and customs. Learning a language is a process of acquiring knowledge and skills necessary to communicate in the target language. Different language teaching methods are used in foreign language education. Each method has led to the emergence of a more modern language teaching method with incomplete or negative aspects. Over time, each method has left its place to newer language teaching, it is one of the main objectives to meet the various special needs of the students as soon as possible and in the right way. This is possible by using appropriate methods. In foreign language teaching, especially in the area of translation, the collocations which have an important place, constitute the building blocks of the language. Collocation can be described as the frequency and tendency of words to be used together semantically and according to grammar rules. This research examines the role of culture-oriented collocational translations in Arabic language teaching. Turkish, Arabic and English equivalants of these collocations were given and culturel differences were emphasized. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20582 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20582 Didem TUNA Le Petit Nicolas is a bestselling series of children’s storybooks written by René Goscinny and illustrated by Jean-Jacques Sempé. With Sempé, Goscinny imagined the adventures of Nicolas and presented a children's language with run-on sentences using the stream of consciousness, which has charmed readers since the first publication of the stories in the late 1950s; consequently, the stories have been translated into more than 40 languages, including Turkish, English, and German. The variety of decisions made by different translators with regard to the translation of names from the same source text is particularly remarkable in the case of the series. This study focuses on the treatment of children’s names in nine translations of Le Petit Nicolas: translations into Turkish by Vivet Kanetti, Eray Canberk, Ümit Ülker, Saadet Özen, and Esra Erdoğan; English translations by Stella Rodway, Anthea Bell, and an unnamed translator; and a German translation by Hans Georg Lenzen. Using Jan Van Collie's classification of ten possible strategies, the study discusses the decisions made by various translators as to the ways in which to render names in children's literature, possible reasons for these decisions, and their consequences for the readability and understandability of the text for children. In addition, the advantages and constraints of each choice are highlighted. Moreover, the study shows that each choice produces different results and can add to or subtract from the story's meaning, which makes it important to analyze the names in the source text before deciding how to express them in the target language. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20433 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20433 Serpil TUNÇER “Death Mother” : Language Reflections of Interpellation in Mother-Daughter Relationship The French philosopher Louis Althusser has employed the example of the policeman who shouts, “Hey, you there!” to display how interpellation functions in the context of ideology as a means of addressing the individual. Interpellation is a way of creating a subject, a rather legalized one put into force by the invisible reconciliation in a discourse-community; a policeman represents the laws to be applied in all aspects of life, in order to restore the order in society. Customs, traditions, rituels, ethical rules are all processes of legalizing interpellation within thought, belief and understanding which in turn have an absolute impact on language and speakers of language. Interpellation involves the very reality of man established throughout norms of interaction and interpretation imposed by ideology on language users. The eventual aim of the chain of ideology-interpellation-thought-language is to bring order and predictability into speakers’ employing language and constrain them by imposing on them a structure well fitting in the discourse-community they live in and by limiting the range of possible meanings to be created by them. For Althusser, as it is for Jacques Lacan, it is impossible to access the real conditions of existence due to our reliance on language; language serves to perpetuate relationships of hierarchy, power and domination. This study intends to display the reflections of interpellation within the language constructed by a mother-daughter relationship, emphasizing codes of preoccupations and constrains that appear by complex processes of recognition in a discourse-community. The theme of mother-daughter relationship is presented by Joyce Carol Oates, in her short story, Death Mother, clearly displaying the semantic meanings as the code of the language by which the characters struggle to comprehend and act upon their world. The verbal exchanges of the characters are aspects of how the mother monitors her daughter’s behaviour and in turn, how the mother, herself is monitored by impositions – ideology, interpellation, thought, language – to turn into subjects adopting the illusion that they (freely) accept their subjection that fits in cohesively, as extentions of the natural reality by which they make sense of the world around them. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20470 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20470 Şevket TÜFEKÇİ In this article in which an interactive digital narrative is analyzed deeply, schizoanalysis is used as the method of analyzing. However, it won’t be used as a method of interpreting, limiting, classifying, reading a text or guiding the reader but as an effort to produce an escape line between all delimiting layers through the agency of an interactive digital narrative production experience to be realized on a digital narrative macrostructure. In other words, it will be used as a schizophrenic desire production. In the study, firstly the characteristics of the interactive digital narrative and the schizoanalysis are explained and then schizoanalysis is applied to an interactive digital narrative, İçboşluk. In depth-analysis parts of the study, it is tried to show how the elements of literariness such as author, reader, text and supporting mechanism are transformed and how a new radical digital literariness is produced. In this context, it is tried to explain briefly how interactive digital literature products produced within the scope of digital literary studies are interrogated on concrete experimental works. Thus, the basics of digital literature starting both the development process of digital writing facilities and the broadening process of the boundaries of classical literature are tried to be outline. In the study, it is seen that this artwork produced by computer technologies is created to overcome all limitations and classifications of classical literariness. So, to analyze these digital artwork, a new analyzing methods different from classical ones has become a necessity. Schizoanalysis is applied to an artwork having multimedia and many kinds of semiotics systems in this study. Using this method, an interactive digital narrative, İçboşluk is analyzed in five parts; links, heterogeneity, plurality, cartography and unsignifying rupture. So, it is aimed to show the new form of the new interactive narrative supported with the new elements from digital area. At the end of the study it is tried to reveal how any kind of fixing, binding, restrictive, reductive, hierarchy constructing discourses are deconstructed on an interactive digital narrative. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20275 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20275 Esra ULUŞAHİN In the XXI. Century there are several political, economic and socio-cultural parameters that influence the teaching and learning of a foreign language. Indeed, in the global learning of foreign language teaching, the analysis of discourse being the object of all the social sciences is considered as the essential object to analyze the faults, the causes and proposals of the semantic translations solutions. Today, research on discourse analysis is continuing in various fields, whose essential tasks are to classify the discourses that are produced in a society. In other words, it is the indispensable tool that answers to questions such as: "how is the subject constructed in its discourse? How does the subject construct its recipient? Understand how speakers understand each other ... Since translation is also an interpretive act, the analysis of the discourse that is gaining importance is a model of the social act of linguistic communication and this method is also based on the interpretation of meaning which is also called the product of meaning, by Seleskovitch and Lederer. The aim of our research is that the translator is the one who can analyze the discourse during the stage of understanding the language of departure and how the meaning of the discourse implied in the Turkish language and culture is transferred to French language and culture by the translator on the poem entitled "Yaşamaya Dair" of the famous Turkish poem and author Nazım Hikmet and its French translation "Sur la vie 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20485 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20485 Ali YILDIZ, Sümeyye TURAL ÇİVİCİ The Turkish litareture had interaction with different societys’ litaratures, during different periods. The interaction was mutual; it not only affected these literatures but also affected by them. As a resultof these interaction, adepted Works come into existence. These adapted works had an importent place in each period of Turkish literature. The first collected works maneger Selim Nüzhet Gerçek, who is well known with his bibliography works, has a piece called Canvermezler Tekkesi adapted from the work of French writer Claude Farrere. This novel released by Selim Nüzhet Gerçek under his penname Ahmed Kâmil. The novel wich is hundered sixty eight pages and pictorial was run chapter in the newspaper called İleri during 1921 and published as a book in 1922. Selim Nüzhet Gerçek at his novel that he took the subject from another work, succeed reveal an original work by nationalizing the characters and place. We analysed Selim Nüzhet Gerçek’s novel Can Vermezler Tekkesi under the headings of novel’s introduction, summary of the novel, novel’s form properties, teller and perspective, characters, place, time and story arc. We aimed to reveal of this forgotten work and the value of it. We tried express results from this analys in the part of result of the article. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20307 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20307 Arif YILMAZ, Burcu UŞAKLI SANDAL Analyzing literary texts within the framework of literary theories enables to interpret the text from different perspectives. Psychoanalytic analysis, which is frequently used in literary analyses, provides the analyzer and also readers with profound information. This study aims to read and interpret Füruzan’s stories within the context of “Oedipus Complex” of psychoanalytic criticism and introduce a new perspective to these stories. As one of the significant Turkish woman writers, Füruzan went into the literary life in 1970s. She achieved a unique style with her themes about daily life and sincere tone. She reflects troubles of social life, people living poverty and suburbs of İstanbul through realistic observations without defending a particular ideology. Contemporary literary circles found her stories remarkable. Her first book Parasız Yatılı was published when Turkish story telling reached deadlock. She was awarded Sait Faik Story Award in 1972 and brought hope to critics and our story telling genre. Füruzan used similar themes since her first stories. Characters in her stories also bear similar characteristics. Giving a large part to the problems of women in her stories, Füruzan is one of the best writers writing about women. These women are similar in most of her stories. This study analyzes female characters in her six stories published so far. They are analyzed within the context of Oedipus Complex, an important concept in psychoanalytic literary criticism. According to results of this analysis Oedipus Complex lies behind the competition between women. The competition between female characters in twelve stories, particularly analyzed within the framework of mother-daughter relationships, stems from Oedipal characteristics of the characters. When we look at the underlying reasons of Oedipal competition, we see “the desire to have a phallus, lost father, conflict of generations and unconscious forbidden desire”. A look into the relationships and conflicts between mother and daughter from the perspective of Oedipal competition enables to analyze the unconscious. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20414 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20414 Uğur YÖNTEN Bel-Ami is the story of an adolescent who left his hometown to seek for ways to become rich in Paris. Just like many countrymen who lived in poverty, Georges Duroy also had a poor life. He was just a railway employee. But, his life started to change with an unexpected coincidence. While wandering the streets of Paris, he met his army-service friend, Charles Forester, who suggested him to become a journalist. His friend succeeded in convincing him to do a job in which he had no experience and therefore had hesitations at first. For Georges, this new job opened many doors that were close to many adolescents in Paris. In 1880, bourgeois was the dominant class in France. City-dwellers had become even richer thanks to the conveniences provided by the Industrial Revolution. Becoming aware of how much these people earned in the society he lived in, Georges Duroy did all the tricks that would open the doors to richness for him. He abused the trust of the women that helped him. Using his attractiveness, he made women fall in love with him. The only reason for getting married to one of these women named Madeleine was her success as a journalist. He married to the young lady named Suzanne only for the dowry that she would bring for him. The other women were there just to satisfy this success-addicted hero’s material and sexual needs. Viewing women as a means of achieving his goals, he never hesitated to make use of them and then throw them away. By imitating the journalists that earned money though immoral ways, he got involved in all the tricks and dishonest behaviours. Nothing was left of his rural innocence, and therefore he turned into a person who would do anything to achieve his goals. Maupassant presents the audience a success-addicted person who achieved a higher status through immoral means in the society. Using this hero, he also presents journalism as a job transforming into an endeavour in which money could be earned via immoral ways and the real face of a society in which all the relationships are dependent on the power of money. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20503 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20503 Ramazan ERGÖZ 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20504 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20504 Mustafa GENCER 2026-07-16