https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=sayi_detay&sayi_id=319 Turkish Studies - International en 2026-07-16 <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Ankara Bilim &Uuml;niversitesi</p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Maltepe Kamp&uuml;s&uuml;</p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Maltepe Mahallesi Şehit G&ouml;nen&ccedil; Caddesi No: 5 &Ccedil;ankaya, Ankara, T&Uuml;RKİYE</p> <p style="margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>Web: </strong><a href="https://ankarabilim.edu.tr">https://ankarabilim.edu.tr</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>Telefon:</strong> <a href="tel:4442228">444 22 28</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>E-mail:</strong>&nbsp;<a href="mailto:info@ankarabilim.edu.tr">info@ankarabilim.edu.tr</a></p> https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20030 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=20030 Mehmet Dursun ERDEM . 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19830 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19830 Karim Farouk Ahmed ABDELDAİM Cast article highlights the poems Ibn El-gzary in general, and monitoring technical features that distinguish Poems lament especially, considering the poems that was issued by the poet in lament some princes and friends revealing feature of the features of the conflict in the Ottoman era the one hand, and on the development of social relations between different races and communities through religious lament the poet to his friends on the other hand. Monitors Find how to paint the image of the Dead adopt a modern approach relies on the tools of language and rhetoric, and based on extrapolation, analysis and monitoring of linguistic phenomena that have contributed to discrimination Poems lament of the poet and the poems lamenting other poets. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19825 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19825 Rixsitilla ALİMUXAMEDOV The present article considers of tovbanama (confession), which takes an important place in the history of the Turkic literature and the history of the Turkic culture as a whole, as a genre of literature. Tovbanamas, as it is known, belong to pre-Islamic period of Central Asia. Studied different types of sources, the main of them are “Khuastuanit” and other preserved but partly several tovbanamas, give the certain facts on tovbanama as a genre of literature and connection of them with munajat. The Sogdian sources shows that Turkic-Manichaean confession texts, especially “Khuastuanit” was free translated from Sogdian one. Moreover, a number of issues was found, that requires to be studied in the context of tovbanama as a genre of literature. For instant, tovbanama as a phenomenon of literature has implications literature and languages dynamics and as a same time literature and language change, relationship between tovbanamas and munajat and so on. The article includes three items that describe the raise of tovbanamas, there meaning and the structure of the texts. The main idea of the article is given in these items. Each item has its own name. Every point of the article proved by its cites from certain tovbanama with translation into Turkish and commentary. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19811 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19811 Refika ALTIKULAÇ DEMİRDAĞ The subject of village and peasant-intellectual dilemma spread between 1950 to 1960, in the Turkish novel. One of the most interesting subject is “bandit” in this period. This topic has attracted the interest of both novelists and readers. Because “the bandit” is generally a good man and a hero. At the same time he is a lover. He often suffered injustice. Someone else (usually a agha of village) wants his love. Readers think that he lives injustice world. He can not do anything through legal means. So he has to choose to be a bandit. In this article we will try to explain the concept of bandits in the novel use with Eric J. Hobsbawm’s "Social banditry" concept and then according to René Girard’s novel theory. In Girard’s “Mensonge Romantique et Verite Romanesque” (Romantik Yalan ve Romansal Hakikat), he reviews Cervantes, Stendhal, Flaubert, Proust and Dostoyevski. So he explains concept of “triangular desire”. We think that the bandit desires to be hero like Don Quixote’s desire to be the legendary traveler knight. So we will examine tree Turkish novel about “bandists”. These novels: Yaşar Kemal’s İnce Memed I, Tarık Dursun K.’s İnsan Kurdu and Cengiz Tuncer’s Hacizli Toprak. In addition we will compare these positive type and negative bandit hero. We will consider in this category Rahmet Yolları Kesti and Çakırcalı Efe’s heroes. So we will try to demonstrate these two types of hero's purpose and effect relations of the way the public perceived cultural relations. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19692 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19692 Halil AYTEKİN Although the relation of literature and politics has been discussed for a long time, politics always find a place itself in literature. Writers are part of the society they live in. They can’t separate themselves from the society’s culture, social and political environments. Every writer has a political view. The important thing is to not let it get ahead of literature and to do the work in accordance with art. The author shouldn’t use literature as a means of imposing his political view, whether it’s fiction or reality. Even though the audience are young or children, authors should be concerned to be everyone’s author by including subjects which are interests and expectations of target audience. Otherwise, while trying to guide and form a child in line with their own ideology and worldview, besides they fail to discover a child, they don’t have a good understanding of how to approach a child and his problems. In the works emphasized on author’s worldview, trite sentences and slogans always attract the attention. Political movements manipulate the readers because they aren’t open to other views than their own and they cause them to strike an attitude unilateral and political. Also, it means that a dogmatic person who is intolerant of others and unimaginative. So, trying to give justice of the ideolgy by behaving unilateral without worrying about literature can annoy and huff the readers who haven’t the same ideology, at worst it can disincline them to read. Authors should write by considering such hazards. Authors who are free of prejudice and keep out engaged literature are the ones socially prominent. Author 's thought should never get ahead of literature . A child book is a book that can enter into the world of childrens’ without prejudice. Political discourses in several children and youth literary work we have defined will be examined in our study. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19719 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19719 Ulaş BİNGÖL Postmodernism is an art and literary movement that shaped by take over heritage of modernist avant-garde movements. Subject fragmentation, eclecticism, the collapse of inherited metanarratives, discontinuity, chaos, polyphony and multiculturalism are elements of postmodern aesthetics. Also, these elements are the basic features of postmodern literature works. It can be claimed that postmodern poems have these elements, therefore it can be analyzed poem that containing postmodern elements by postmodern theory. Murathan Mungan is one of the most read and productive writer in recent Turkish literature. Mungan who writes novel, stories, essays, plays, film manuscript, song is a famous poet at the same time. He has twenty one poem books and he is accepted an important poet in Turkish poem after 1980. Mungan who started write poem by influenced İkinci Yeni usually links postmodern aesthetics, although he is influenced by folk literature in some his poem books. He writes eclectic texts and he goes beyond traditional poetry. He demurs traditional values and authority and he gives place people who marginalized in society. Also, he tries to generalize homosexual discourse by subvert masculine sexual discourse. He tries to experimental procedures above poem texts and he defends i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19752 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19752 Fatma BÜYÜKKARCI YILMAZ This short mystical treatise of Selâmî who probably lived in or before 16th century is an example of short, didactic works which purposes to effuse and strengthen religious and moral values permanent among Anatolian people who do not have much knowledge about religious and mystical aspect in 14th and 15th centuries. The subject of this treatise is annihilation of selfesness, “ifna”. There is also a short story in this treatise, “the story of Sultan Mahmud and Ayaz”. The main reason for Selâmî to write this story in his treatise is to explain one of the basic principles of mysticism, puryfing mind from secular and worldly interests. This story is taken form the Vth volume of Mesnevî of Mevlânâ. The title of the story is “Eyaz’ın, çarık ve postunu koyduğu bir odası vardı. Kapısı sağlam ve kilitli olduğu için kapı yoldaşları, orada bir define var sanırlardı” (There is a room of Eyaz in which there are only shoes and fur. His friends think that there is treasure in this room since the door is tough and locked). Both Selâmî and Cemâl-i Halvetî, who gives the same story in his work are shortened the story comparing to that of Mevlânâ. It is necessary to place the basic parts dealing with the basic principles of the story in such a didactical work. Both of the writers prefer not to take the remaining parts of the story. The theme of the story in brief is: Ayaz builds a house of secrecy and often goes there alone. The men envying him tell this place to sultan and say that Ayaz put a lot of precious jewels here. Sultan tells his reliable servants to go there, open the door and bring those precious jewels to him. The servants go, but they see nothing but a cloth in that house. They don’t understand the reason of this. When they tell this to sultan, he wants Ayaz to explain the reason. Ayaz says that, I wear this cloth while coming here and leave my pride by wearing this. In Mesnevi, there are different stories of Mahmud and Ayaz with different themes. These stories can be encountered both in Iranian and Turkish works like Dâsitân-ı Sultan Mahmud of Şeyyad Hamza and Mantıku’t-tayr of Attar. In this article, Selâmî’s mystical treatise of 108 couplets is introduced by explaining the mystical expressions in it. The story of Mahmud and Ayaz is also explicated by comparing the ones both in Mesnevi of Mevlânâ and other works. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19846 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19846 Muhittin ELİAÇIK Fatwa word, comes from the root fetai in the brave, young, strong sense. Fatwa, is process of giving of provision of a difficult issue by the Sheikh al-Islam or mufti investigated from sources. Meaning of the fiqh of this word, the explained was due to a strong answer to a difficult issue. For sheikh al-Islam or mufti 'ukde-güşâ-yı işkâl, müşkil-güşâ/the solver of knot of difficulty, solve challenges' expressions was used because fatwa process is a difficult job. Fatwa books on various subjects are important sources containing information and documents sensitive and critical. 129 sheikh al-Islam did mission over a period of five centuries in Ottoman Empire and they give fatwas both juristical and literary aspects has created a rich treasure. Today available is 22 fatwa book and these books is waiting various language and literature studies. Although in these books is firstly juristic issues; also is exciting language and literary depth and breadth has. Especially, poetry form fatwas which are in some books this excitement further enhance. Available verse fatwas is Turkish and is also a name of verse in Turkish literature. In recent years we introduce poetry form fatwas increases our studies progresses. One of the owners poetry form fatwas is Sheikh al-Islam Ebussuud Efendi. He is from the first names of the poetic fatwa tradition; the majority of poetry form fatwas belongs to him. In this study are introduced his poetry form fatwas which were be detected up to the present. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19796 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19796 Hatice EMİNOĞLU Apart from the duty of proverbs and idioms which are part of the vocabulary on informing and transferring the information heritage to next generations, their cultural duty and importance should also be evaluated. One of the fundamental structures in proverbs and idioms are proper nouns. Proper nouns are elements ensuring and reinforcing cultural continuity. In this study, proper nouns in proverbs and idioms are identified by scanning through relevant dictionaries and scientific publications. These are classified internally as location/place names, person names and names stating ethnic identities and affiliations. In this text, only place names were addressed and the others were left out for another study since as a whole it would exceed the limits of this article. After providing brief information on proverbs and idioms which have an important place in vocabulary, based on the compiled material, the place names were classified according to their characteristics and a categorization was attempted. Proverbs and idioms in which place names were found were organized alphabetically along with their explanations and meanings in the sources. With this study, it was attempted to show which and what type of place names are used in proverbs and idioms along with an attempt to determine the indicators of the marks the places where we live leave on society. Furthermore, cultural entity being formed on language-society-place name triangle was tried to be shown. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19826 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19826 Asu ERSOY The wordface, meaning countenance, feature, as one of the oldest organ names of Turkish, is a Turkish word that has been in use since the Orkhon Inscriptions. It is observed that the organ names in Turkish are both used in conceptualizing the beings with their different aspects, and often in naming them metaphorically as a source. Dîvânu Lugâti’t-Türk, apart from being the first dictionary of Turkish language, is also valuable in the sense that it aims to teach Arabs Turkish by giving Arabic equivalent of each Turkish word, and the way it includes verses and proverbs that reflect the cultural and lingual features of the period.In this study, the use of face, which is one of the organ names in Dîvânu Lugâti’t-Türk, that is written by Kasgarli Mahmud in the 11th Century and that has a an important place in Turkish-Islamic history, and the structure of the sentences made with face, its features of metonym are tried to be revealed. It is possible to say that face, as the chosen subject of examination, is used in articulation of our feelings and thoughts. Most of the metonyms in Dîvânu Lugâti’t-Türk appear as revealing a psychological situation, as the use of face for motion and character. The word face used in the arguments in Dîvânu Lugâti’t-Türkis usually dealed with in accordance with its metonymic meanings of the character it stands for considering the cultural values of that period. Moreover, we see that the word face is also used in order to express emotional situations as sorrow, worry, beauty, disapproval, hypocrisy etc. Besides, the position of the word face in the sentence and word groups formed with face are examined. The position of the word face in the sentence is as subject, noun, complement and verb. The possessive construction of face is seen in examples where it forms complex verb and adjective clause. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19814 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19814 Hürriyet GÖKDAYI Lexicon includes formulaic language units besides i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19690 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19690 Muhammadhan HAKİMOV The theoretical questions related to psycholinguistics and lingopsychology are analyzed in the article. Psycholinguistics reveals the ways and methods linked with scientific paradigm. The problems of psychology being related to the person’s interests linking with thoughts and mood are defined through the means of the language. The essence of the language problems analyzed in combination of such disciplines as psychology and linguistics is the issue of the discussion in the given article. The problems are reviewed from psychological and linguistic point of view in the results of the research. The object of the research is revealed by harmonic unity of the two subjects. The scientific paradigm depicting the linguistic and psychological notions are formed, therefore there is a need of adopting the scientific terms describing them. As it is known, realizing the world through the conscious links with associations. Being psychological elements such notions as memory, conscious and association consider to be the basis which shapes linguistic units. Accordingly the importance of human psychology increases by use of linguistic units in the speech. The author’s opinion to the increasing interest to psychological items in the science and the periods of investigating and conducting researches is taken place in the article. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19815 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19815 Ahmet İÇLİ Poets who work in the classical Turkish literature are known by their pseudonyms in the history of literature. Each poet uses his unique pen name/pseudonym in his poems/works. These pseudonyms undertake distinctive tasks of a poet or his works of other poets and their works. Nevertheless, poetry and life stories of some poets are mingled. In addition, it appears that many poets use also the same pseudonym in different periods. This situation brings it with a lot of confusion. The most important of these is a work is shown as belonging to someone other than the original author of it. Many of the poets changed their pseudonyms because of this concern. However, the fact that there are poets who are not aware of the works and pseudonyms of each other cannot be ignored. This is true even for people who lived in the same or different periods. Information about the presence of 11 (eleven) poets is presented in literary sources, who lived in 14th, 15th 16th and 17th centuries of Classical Turkish Poetry and used pseudonym Dâî=Da’i in their poems. However, it is discussed that information about life of some of them is mingled with their poems. In addition to these poets, the presence of a poet named Seyyid Yahya with pseudonym Dâî, whose name and identifier is not provided by any source is also discussed. With this information, an example of poem of reply in kind with pseudonym Dâî is seen in a magazine. There is no information about the identity of aforementioned poet. In this study, poets with pseudonym Dâî will primarily be introduced all together in the light of collection of biographies, histories of literature and Kâsımî magazine that has been newly found by us. After the evaluations of Dâî’s, whose poetry and information are mingled, the first couplet of poets, which are imputed to Seyyid Yahyâ Dâî, will be presented. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19859 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19859 Şirvan KALSIN “What” word that we’ve known its use since Orkhon Turkish has been used as a part of speech in several meanings and functions in every period of Turkish. But we could follow its sentence conjunctive usage with Uigur Turkish, because emerging of compound sentences about interaction process with foreign languages into our language started in that period. New meanings which are similar to subordinate conjonction in foreign languages were ascribed to ‘’what’’ word in Uigur Turkish. It was used as conjunctive as both simple form and affixed or an enlarged form that originated by combining another word in historic period texts. Ne's to make subordinate clause as a connector and to be any item of main clause of this subordinate clause starts with Uyghur Turkish and in later periods it increasingly continues. Particularly, Khorezmian Turkic language period, structures like ne, ne kim, neçe kim, neçeme kim, neteg kim emerge considered as a type of common compund sentence. In this study, we have tried to dwell on "ne" word, which has been handled from various perspectives up to today, the function of making compound and exclamation sentence. Before being evaluated these functions, about other more common functions of it has been informed. Because, making compound and exclamation sentence as well is not completely independent from other functions of it, but is related to meanings and functions there. Study’s paradigm is restricted to historic texts. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19849 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19849 Dilek KAPLANKIRAN Plant names have a considerably rich place in vocabulary of Kazakh Turkish. However, no research has been performed regarding this subject and it is a lack of onomatology. This study is prepared for the purpose of both revealing this richness of vocabulary in onomatology field and removing this lack. Resource work of study is annotative dictionary named Ösimdik Atavlarının Tüsindirme Sözdigi prepared in 2012 by B. Kaliyev. The writer of this dictionary states that he has made a compilation upon plant names and examined a lot of resources by traveling different regions of Kazakhstan in person throughout his life. From this perspective, this work includes plant names not only in written language, but also in dialects and accents. In this context, it can be reached with this prepared study to plant names in dialects and accents of Kazakh dialect. Abovementioned work is utilized during creation of the study. It is determined the plant names created with reference to names related to organs and body parts in that work and the obtained vocabulary is uncovered and examined. Words are classified which are referred in plant names by considering the classification and as a result of the examination it is observed regarding in which ways plant names are created in Kazakh Turkish. Similarities and differences between Kazakh Turkish and Turkey Turkish caught the attention in creation of plant names. Even if they live in different geographies, it is proven one more time that these two societies have a common language system and common culture; it can be seen that there is a common naming system between Kazakh Turks and Turkey Turks. Revealing the vocabulary of plant names will provide contribution to the studies performed in the field of Linguistics. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19762 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19762 Hatice KAYHAN, Zari SHİRİZAD Ayla Çınaroğlu, as one of the contemporary writers, has written many significant literary books on children’s’ literature. Her books on children’s literature encompass all genres and mainly her focus is on nature and animals. She uses a fluent and simple language to create her poetry. The present study will focus on repetitions, as one of the stylistics devices, in Ayla Çınaroğlu children’s poetry. It examines phonological, morphological, syntactic, semantic and textual repetitions in a corpus of fifty two poems selected from Ayla Çınaroğlu’s poetry. Each type will be studied in order to illustrate how repetitions create unexpected effects on the readers. Stylistics analysis contributes mainly to the interpretation of meanings in literary texts. Understanding and the interpretation of the language of poetry is the most difficult one among different literary genres. The main focus of this study is to find out what kinds of stylistic devices the writer uses to write and create her poetry. This study uses the methods and techniques developed by Prof. Dr. Ünsal Özünlü in his book entitled Edebîyatta Dil Kullanımı (The Use of Language in Literature). The results of the study depicts that the writer has frequently used repetitions in order to create an effective poetry more memorable among children. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19552 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19552 Büşra KOÇAK, Yasemin KURTLU Tales that draw attention with vocabulary, cultural infrastructure and richness of meaning and located in the folk literature, have been the subject of various studies in folklore. Fanciful elements that is located in to folklore tales, often bears the imprint of the life of the i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19753 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19753 Ayşe SAĞLAM Shaykh-i San’ân story about that famous sect shaykh’s leaving the religion because of his loving to Cristian beautiful included for the first time in his book Ferîdüddîn Attar's ‘Mantıku’t-tayr’ This story entered our literature through translation. An example story of great sacrifice shown for the sake of love; has attracted the attention of the classical poets who wrote poems about love, praising it, and try to describe the ideal form of love. In the Classical Turkish Literature has been made translations and interpretations of the parable and frequently telmih in poetry. In addition, the parable are penned by some poets as an independent work. From Classical Turkish Literature of the 16th-century poets, Mostar Ziyâ'î'n the parable-i Shaykh-i San’ân gave the name Abdurrezzak Mathnavis is one of them. The famous love story to be processed multiple times by poets has aroused the desire to reveal more original work in Ziyâ'î'. The poet who think having an original subject apart from this parable, he decided to write this story in mathnavi style. The introduction of work and results and of the poet's way of functioning of these departments is seen to coincide exactly with tradition. There is an expression depends on the classical tradition of mathnavi in the section that the real story is described. One of the interesting point of this section, the story is the dreams of people. when the work carefully examined, these dreams is seen to have an important function in the formation of mathnavi. The dreams spreading to general of the story shape the course of the story. It contains marks about how things develop. Drastic changes in the life histories of people, occur dreams subsequently. It is also the precursor of the space changes. Following after each new dream, people of story change their position. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19766 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19766 Ali SELÇUK This paper handles the ancestor cult within the framework of the example Gönül Bacı which has been mythicized as a heroic ancestor in the village Beydilli, connected with Anşa Bacı. The community which is known as Anşa Bacılılar within the Anatolian Alewite culture and is connected with the clan Beydili of Oghuz Turks is referred with this title in a way reminding Anşa Bacı having lived in the village Acısu of Zile in the 19th century. Prior to structuring their own ocak system, Anşa Bacılılar was accepted within the 'Sırac Alewite community' connected with the ojak Hubyar. Being observed as a closed community with belief and blood-based kinship, Anşa Bacılılar put an end to their affiliation with the ojak Hubyar and Hubyar dedes in the first half of 19th century because they lost their originality by getting Sunni, and proclaimed themselves as an independent ojak. This new ojak which was founded as a reaction against the getting Sunni has been referred 'Kurdoglu ocagı' or 'Anşa Bacılı ocagı' as inspired from Veli Baba-Anşa Bacı. The cult of ancestors and heroic ancestors has a highly important place in the ethos of the village Beydili which is related with the community Anşa Bacı. While the deceased member of any family can be effected by the ancestor cult and be made a vow for him, the heroic ancestors cult has been symbolized with a woman accepted as a common ancestor by the villagers. It is determined that they make a familiarity via this female heroic ancestor with Veli Baba-Anşa Bacı which is the deep ancestors of them. This paper aims at revealing the relationship of the heroic ancestors cult with the collective integrity and continuity of the community in question. The assessed data in the study has been gathered during a field survey conducted with a qualitative research in the village Beydili in Hafik of Sivas between July 2011 and September 2014. The data was created with participatory observation and in-depth interviews. the created data was classified and evaluated under the various themes. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19750 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19750 Naser SOLEİMANZADE One of the most important areas for those who do research in the field of Turkish classical literature is the works and writings of the Turkish scientists and artists in Iran. All these works and writings has not been studied thorough the history until now. Especially, the works and writings of Turkish Qajar period, despite being as a major and significant source have not been assessed yet. One of the works that has been left without doing any scientific research on it is poetical works of South Azarbaijani poet named Ajiz written in the nineteenth century. The aim of this paper is to introduce the above-mentioned poet and his poetical works and collaboration with those who doing research in this field. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19828 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19828 İbrahim SONA Besides poetry, Classical Turkish literature is also very rich in prose. Although the prose seems secondary in this literary tradition, the works produced have a considerable amount. While esthetic is seen preliminary in poetry, the purposes such as pointing a moral, acknowledgement, and didactic quality are seen to have a broad scope in prose. Prose stories in Classical Turkish literature with the purpose of pointing a moral can be translation of compilation. These stories can be found such as those consisting of ten volumes while there are also very brief ones. Cevâmiu’l-Hikâyât and Levâmiu’r-Rivâyât originally written by Muhammed Avfî is a voluminous corpus of stories 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19774 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19774 İbrahim TOSUN, Ali KOÇ Language is a structure in which sounds, formed by people’s speech organs, are turned into meaningful units systematically, which have always been changing and developing. When we look at the historical process of languages, they have been in change, and in development as a consequence during the written history. It is possible to see that one language is 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19804 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19804 Kadriye TÜRKAN Folk literature, also named as oral literature forms an important part of Azerbaijan literature. Legends which take place in popular narratives in Azerbaijan folklore contain multiple motifs related to the mythology, the folklore and the beliefs of Turkish people who live in that region. Considered to be the oral prose narratives of an actual or imaginary person, plot or setting, legends which contain the element of belief within itself are intense and impressive narratives. In Azerbaijan legends, there are religious motifs such as Noah’s ark, some motifs regarding folk beliefs such as Çömçe Gelin, folktale motifs such as dragons and the motif of metamorphosis which is in common in sagas, folktale and legends. Metamorphosis is transformation of animate elements including humans or in animate elements into another animate elements or nature elements done by a superior power in order to punish or protect. When the frequency is considered, transformation into birds and transformation into other animals can be the subcategories of transformation into animals because the elements are most frequently transformed into birds such as yusufçuk, bülbül, hop hop, tavuz, karakuş, keklik, yapalag, turaç, şanapipik, hüt hüt in the legends. In the article, generally the motif of metamorphosis and specifically the motif of transformation into animals/birds in Azerbaijani legends will be analyzed and the motives for them will be studied in details. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19664 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19664 Serkan TÜRKOĞLU Generally, parallel poem which is defined as writing the same rhythm and rime with the model or ground poem, is became a tradition within the time by maintaining and sustaining permanently its presence. Writing/singing parallel is an affecting method for learning poetry in all periods of our history and sustained with different genres of poetry. Gazelle and masnavi attracted more attention than the other poetry genres for parallel domain. On the other hand some poetry genres such as terci-bend, terkib-bend, murabba, müstezad consist a large amount for written parallel poems exemples. As it can be written for a poem parallel can be written also for a whole masnavi, 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19722 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19722 Shafoat KHASANOVA Farid al-Din Attar, enlightening the allegorical meaning of the work by Ghazzali, concretizes the images of birds and through their allegorical images determines the status and people’s position in society. It is important that Farid al-Din Attar introduces into his work Hudhud’s figure, wherein this figure is not existing in Ghazzali’s work as one of the main allegorical character. Gulshahri is the first poet who wrote Dastan in Turkic language, inspired by the Farid al-Din Attar’s poem – “Mantiq al-tayr”. In his poem “Mantiq al-tayr” (written in 1317), along with the traditional narrative plot, introduced a number of new ideas and scenes representing poem as an original work. Riza’s poem “The Language of Birds” has a total of 156 titles, 66 of them are the names of the main parts, and make up 33 names of stories; 53 header consist of extracts (sura’s from the Koran and Hadith). All titles are highlighted and written by surkh. Dastan consists of 8474 Misras, 4237 bayts. The article investigates an allegorical poem “The Language of Birds” a little-known Uzbek poet Payvandi Rizai, the only manuscript which is kept in the Alisher Navai State museum of Literature of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan. As a result of research, the author comes to the conclusion that the kind of creative interpretation of the poem, and the new artistic display nominated there, all this is the result of creativity artistic creation of Rizai. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19887 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19887 Lokman TANRIKULU In this study, the act of translation has been discussed in many different dimensions and it has been argued that the act of translation is a very complicated process. The study, which includes the opinions of many scientists as well, focuses on several functions of translation such as intralinguistic function, communicational function, its function in intercultural communication and in foreign language teaching. In this context, the affect of the connection between the structural relations of literary languages on translation, how equivalent and acceptable translation should be and various understandings of translation have also been mentioned in this article. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19729 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19729 Fatma Zehra UĞURCAN The psychology finds lot reflections in literature as in all of life. Therefore the psychology often shows interest in poets and authors. The mind and the psychological structure of the people are inclined to expose themselves with all aspects. The psychology from time to time can be suppressed but the literature provides psychology an area to be free. An artist is a person, who reflects his all life, his own subconscious and psychological structure to his creations. It is impossible to separate the trio of artist-creation-psychology from each other and it is the work of psychoanalytic folklore theory to analyze the connection between literature and psychology. Carl Gustav Jung is one of the creators of psychoanalytic folklore theory and he suggests that the collective psyche is full with a lot of archetypes, which people endowed. In other words the human mind has some inherited patterns. The collective psyche, which has a lot of archetypes like persona, shadow, mother and wise man, exposes itself without control of person. Examples to his phenomena can be found in literature. In this study will be taken the Karacaoglan poems from folk literature and by these poems will be examined the reflections of shadow and mother archetypes. Accordingly first we will talk about Jung’s concepts of psyche and archetype. Then the reflections of shadow and mother archetypes will be observed by Karacaoğlan poems. The purpose of this study is to identify by using psychoanalytic folklore theory the psychological background, which creates Karacaoglans poetry. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19844 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19844 Ömer Gökhan ULUM Discourse refers to what an author signifies by means of a text or what a text really conveys to its reader. Whatever is transmitted through a specific text may address to deeper points referring to ideological intendments. In other words, discourse is grounded on how texts function as meanings of manifesting or prescribing precise perspectives about the world. Recently, communication through media has been the focus of attention in linguistic research. A traditional way of transmitting information is through newspaper broadcasting. Yet, the style of expression employed in such a communication tool as a newspaper changes remarkably from source to source. Headline expressions for instance bare some characteristics inside by keeping the ideology of the newspapers. This study presents an analysis of newspapers from the aspect of Critical Discourse Analysis of newspaper headlines, which is an angle in critical scholarship: an approach of analyzing the style that people or institutions practice language. In other words, this cross-cultural study investigates the ideologies of the newspapers from different cultures. At the end of the study, it was understood that while western editors approach to the issue by looking at the problem in terms of how Europe can withstand such a high flow of Syrians into the union, Turkish media sees the issue referring to the fact that Syrians on the way to Europe are in hard conditions. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19801 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19801 Nurullah ULUTAŞ Sermet Çağan, being one of the representatives of political theatre in 1960s, is an author aiming to contribute into social upheaval in his works. Leaving his mark on the era with his opposing view, the author stands against "deculturation" epidemics and undertakes the responsibility of raising awareness of people and informing them about criticizing unfair system. The author occasionally uses a symbolic language to express social problems and emphasizes the lack of communication between intellectuals and people. Being a significant representative of Epic Theatre of Bertolt Brecht in our literature, Çağan gets use of propaganda function of theatre. The author tries to raise a class awareness in his plays with the effect of Marxist theory during military coups. The play titled Ayak Bacak Fabrikası is the work of the author who criticizes relationships between Power-People on the level of exploitation. Çağan believes that a certain class, who creates the authority and tries to protect their own interests, has a voice in every period and becomes a shareholder of the means of state. He indicates that this class exploits people through "Homeland" and "Religion" concepts in moral sense. The author emphasizes how administrators corrupt morals and law concepts. He tries to show how ethical judgments differ by perspectives through the identities he creates. In his works, relationships between oppressed and oppressing classes are presented as a black humour within an ideological approach with occasionally grotesque and humorous style. The play also emphasizes the function of human body to be the carrier of a meaning in dominant ideology by being corrupted. Sermet Çağan creates a political discourse by applying to an ideological grounding through theatre and language that he uses as a system of values in his work titled Ayak Bacak Fabrikası. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19856 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19856 Ahmet USLU Turkish short stories having met Western-style after Tanzimat Reform Era have continued to develop both thematically and stylistically during the centennial period. Considering the fact that literature cannot be separated from social and political concerns of the related community, the impact of important historical events can be observed in Turkish literature. 1980 coup d'etat is a political event that deeply affects Turkey. Both the military coup and the fact that modernism resulted in fundamental changes indicated remarkable influences on literary works. In short stories written after 1980s, characters display some features reflecting political situation of Turkey. As people are becoming lonely, bored and crushed, they represent modern human beings with their peculiar physiological and psychological features. They rebel against the time by inner speeches and their introvert features. Defeated, lost people sometimes resort to their past for relief and other times they want to commit suicide by questioning their ways of living. With the effect of modernism, whereas some characters become depressed by preferring separation from their past, some others who prefer to be strictly connected to their past cannot keep up with this new situation. In the present study, given as an example in Turkish history after 1980 modern story, post-modern story, story in religion traditions context, socialist people seen in a realistic story and short-short stories created by putting forward characteristics will be explained features of the new model of man. In this study, the social structure starting from the story to the people will be highlighted features. General typology of character stories will hopefully shed light on the other literary Works to be done in this field. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19799 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19799 Dilek ÜNVEREN Discourse analysis is a method, uses of concepts and contributions of the study of linguistics to explain the structure and meaning of texts. It is impossible to get the actual meaning of text with a simple inference about feelings taken from surface layer of text. Instead, it needs more intensive analysis method which can analyze a text formally and verbally by going beyond words to get the deeper meaning which is not visible on the surface. When the point in question is poetry, this kind of analysis which gives opportunity to versatile investigations and deeper commentaries, has become an obligatory to analyze the poem which is the subject of this study; “Annemle İlgili Şeyler” by Didem Madak. By applying discourse analysis method, it can be concluded that discourse is output of a choosing and synthesizing process and in this discourse; losing of values and contamination in i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19833 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19833 Hakan YALAP Art of literature whose material is word can make very vivid and realistic depictions by using the language which is an abstract material. Language mathematics adopting the core values of the sociecty belong to leaves traces in every geography reached. Once upon a time in the Balkans Turkish was used as a language of art, literature, science and necessity. For this reason in the Balkans the Turkish language has left a lot of works waiting to be discovered behind. In this study, the poems that found in a notebook with the 14509-VII-d-118 catalog number in Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts Library were exemined. There are letters from 17th and 18th century and other archive documents belong to other people among the documents that we found the notebook. There is a "koşma" (kind of a poem in Turkish folk literature) belonging to Gevheri, a poem called Epic of Belgrad and a koşma and a semai belonging to Âşık Ömer in the book that we completely transfer the contents of the study into transciription system. The copyiest and date of copy are unknown. Belgrad Epic in which has seen partly spelling errors is a peom that consists of 29 stanzas and was written with 11-syllable meter. The Epic has the characteristics of epic which is a verse in folk literature in terms of format and it has the characteristics of shehrengizs type of classical literature in terms of content. For this reason this epic can be qualified as a shehrengizs essay. Belgrade Fortress and its surroundings, serbian girls, their beauties and clothes, the events during and after the process of Turks leaving from Belgrade and from all over Serbia is depicted in Belgrade Epic. In the epic, there are some names of the places, which doesn't exist nowadays, and its characteristics are depicted. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19782 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19782 Ramilya YARULLİNA YILDIRIM Family is the most important element in foundation of the state. That is why family structure, family lifestyle and relationships among family members appear prevalently in Tatar proverbs and have great significance. This paper aims to examine Kazan Tatar proverbs related to the concept of family and explain Tatar sense of family and their cultural and moral values. The concept of family is consecrated in Tatar Turks who have lived together with Turks and non-Muslim communities. Existence and future of a nation depend on strongly established family bases. As a result, this paper will explain life philosophy and moral sentiment of Tatar community in the example of characteristics of family, a small model of the whole nation. This study will dwell on the concept and types of the family and will give brief information about other studies about Tatar proverbs. It will examine the themes of marriageable girls and young men, marriage, bride and groom, spousal relations, child training etc. as subtitles under the main title of familial proverbs which were handled in the book “Tatar Folk Proverbs” by Neki İsenbet and will explore what Tatar folks attach importance to. The sample proverbs will be used in their translated versions of contemporary Turkish language besides their transcripts. This paper will end with the question whether the familial traits dealt in those proverbs and respected in the past still exist in today’s folk culture. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19842 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19842 Sefa YÜCE CemilKavukçu is one of the authors who attract interests with his narratives and novels, recently. Kavukçu resembles what he experienced to his works with a sincere and fluent style. His narratives are like the synthesis of narratives of Turkey. The author has been interesting in painting and literature since his early childhood and he started to publish his works during his maturity. He considers the problems of rural i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19905 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19905 Salim PİLAV Teaching programs are of vital importance in teaching course. The success of the courses is directly related to the successful teaching program in all respects. The program includes knowledge and skills to be taught, teaching methods and techniques, sample activities. The rapid change and absolescence programs in the world also necessarily cahnge the curriculum. Curriculums of Turkish and Turkish Literature which undergo a change almost in every ten years, were subjected to changes in 1939, 1949, 1954 and 1957 years until today. The curriculum of 1957 which was in practice for a long period of time, was changed in 1992. It was published in the journal of notices numbered 2370 on November 9, 1992. According to this program, the lesson which was devised as three different disciplines in itself, is planned in accordance with four different terms. The purpose of this study is to investigate the opinions regarding the debated issues about Turkish language and literature curriculum which became valid in 1992 and bring forward proposals according to obtained results. Thus it will become evident how much the programs of 2005 and 2015 was affected from the criticism of 1992 curriculum and obtained suggestions in this context. Furthermore, it will also become clear which issues are taken in consideration in the process of evaluation and investigation of a curriculum. Accordingly, the discussions made within scope of the 1992 program have reached a meaningful purpose and many of the disadvantages have been eliminated in both the 2005 and 2015 programs. Both programs, it can be said that the aim of the students is to acquire literary pleasure and aesthetic point of view, to use language more effectively in oral and written expressions, to gain literary history and genre information. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19829 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19829 Belde AKA 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19807 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19807 Serkan DEMİRAL, Muzaffer KAYA 2026-07-16