https://turkishstudies.net/education?mod=sayi_detay&sayi_id=310 Turkish Studies-Educational Sciences en 2026-07-16 <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Ankara Bilim &Uuml;niversitesi</p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Maltepe Kamp&uuml;s&uuml;</p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Maltepe Mahallesi Şehit G&ouml;nen&ccedil; Caddesi No: 5 &Ccedil;ankaya, ANKARA</p> <p style="margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>Web: </strong><a href="https://ankarabilim.edu.tr">https://ankarabilim.edu.tr</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>Telefon:</strong> <a href="tel:4442228">444 22 28</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>E-mail:</strong>&nbsp;<a href="mailto:info@ankarabilim.edu.tr">info@ankarabilim.edu.tr</a></p> https://turkishstudies.net/education?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19450 https://turkishstudies.net/education?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19450 Muzaffer DENİZ After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire many institutions also became out of date. And by the establishment of the new republic, new institutions came into being. Almost all of the changes came through during the period of one-party rule. Among the changes occured in this term, the ones mostlydiscussed were in the religious sphere. It is said that not only education of religion was available but also Koran was prohibited. These have been discussed by over a wide scale of the community, from lay people to the academic circles. The arguments are still going on even today. In these discussions, lack of sufficient studies on this subject matter have also a role. In fact, in the education of religion, with some unsatisfactory efforts, neither Koran nor was the teaching of Koran prohibited. In this article, for the first time, this fact is proved with the official documents and the numerical date obtained from the archives of the Türkish Statistics Agency. During the one-party rule, both Presidency of Religious Affairs and the Ministry of National Education provided Koran courses for the people. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/education?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19673 https://turkishstudies.net/education?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19673 Ahmet DÖNMEZ Mustafa Reshid Pasha was ambassador in London when Mahmoud II died. When he returned to Istanbul, opponents of reform forced the new sultan Abdulmecid for his death. However, Abdulmecid took him under his protection and let him prepare the Tanzimat Edict. The need to support Britain in Egyptian affairs and Reshid Pasha's close proximity to the British kept the conservatives silent to the declaration of the Tanzimat Edict. Reshid Pasha started a rapid reform process after this date. However, the radical changes were enough to disturb the conservatives. The Egyptian issue came to the solution phase at the end of 1840. The given conjuncture prompted the anti-reformist led by Husrev Pasha to reckon with Reshid Pasha. The following reforms were put in jeopardy. At this stage, Reshid Pasha sent numerous help messages to the British Foreign Secretary Lord Palmerston. This study is focused on intrigues against Reshid Pasha, the Tanzimat Edict author, by the anti-reformist conservative faction and the process of his dismissal from the foreign affairs ministry in 1841. The memorandum known to belong to Reshid Pasha, which so far has not been published by domestic and foreign researchers, will be examined in this context here. The memorandum provides an overview of the Tanzimat reforms which were made and requested assistance from England against the conservatives. The Ottoman and British public and private archives of the new information will be set forth in the light. It is expected that this study will provide a contribution to the literature in terms of the Tanzimat period. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/education?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19627 https://turkishstudies.net/education?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19627 Mehmet Fatih GÖKÇEK Baghdad, which was founded by Abbasid Caliph Ebû Cafer el-Mansûr, developed in a short time, became one of the center of science, culture, politics and trade, and was capital of Abbasid Caliphate nearly five centuries. Baghdad was under attack of many states due to had important position in terms of military, politics, economic and religious. Buyids occupied Baghdad in 945 because of weakening of Abbasid. With in that period, Abbasid Caliphs losed authority of military and politics. Seljuk Sultan Tugrul embarked on an expedition in 1055, captured city, and got back reputation to caliph. Established in XIIIth century the Mongol Empire extended area of domination to territory of Abbasid, and Mongol-Ilkhanate ruler Hulagu occupied Baghdad then ended caliphate state. Henceforth Baghdad fell under domination Calayirs in 1340, Karakoyunlu in 1410, Akkoyunlu in 1470 and then Safavid in 1508. From XVIth century between Ottomans and Safavid occured struggle for influence. Suleyman the Magnificient annexed Baghdad to the Ottoman territories via Irakeyn War in 1534. Relevant fight holded even in XVIIth century. In this study, Kitâbu Târîhi Dâri?s-selâm which is writed Sheikh-oglu living in Baghdad in XVIIth century, is approached. In this work, Bekir Soubashi revolt, captured Baghdad by Shah Abbas, ended up in thrashing Baghdad expedition of Hafız Ahmet Pasha and Hüsrev Pasha and conquest of Murad to Baghdad is expressed. Kitâbu Târîhi Dâri?s-selâm, which is based on observations of Sheikh-oglu and clear up own time, has a rich content about language by virtue of bear the stamp of Azerbaijan and Anatolian Turkish as well. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/education?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19541 https://turkishstudies.net/education?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19541 Veysel GÜRHAN, Ercan GÜMÜŞ Minutes inscribed by judges of Ottoman Empire in courts called Court Records (Şer'iye Sicilleri). These books include orders and firmans send by Capital and local ordinance as well as reports of important events. These records come first among the sources for those researchers whose interest is Ottoman rural life. In Court Records, among the most frequent records are tereke records. This study analyzes a debt discharging method called both “guremâ method” and “duyunu terekesinden ezyed” in Diyarbekir kadi records belong to 18th century. While the guremâ method, which refers to a method applied in the case of dead person’s debt exceed the tereke records amount and shows how the debt is paid to the debtees , is being analyzed, its roots in the Islamic law and its application methods in the 18th Century Ottoman State will also be discussed. Besides describing how this method was applied through a standardization, simultaneously, it’s aimed to make some observations on the social life in the analyzed period. In doing so, first the information about the sources will be given and tereke records will be introduced, then it will be discussed whether the the debts paid off by guremâ method formed a method within the framework of rules or not. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/education?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19560 https://turkishstudies.net/education?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19560 Erdem YAVUZ The Infant’s Primary Schools and the madrasahs that appeared in the classical era of the Ottoman State experienced a conversion with the modernization period; and Primary Schools, Secondary Schools, High Schools and various vocational schools came into being. With these modernization processes in the field of education, new educational institutions were opened in Erzincan. During the II. Constitutional Monarchy Period, new educational institutions kept coming into being with the influence of the conversion and developments on the field of education. The educational activities were continued with limited opportunities of the I. First World War, and National War of Independence. The educational institutions in the Ottoman State were transferred into the new Republic of Turkey, and the educational policies of the Republican Era were shaped with some changes in the educational system. The educational policies of the Republican Era were applied in two different structures under the conditions that were specific to the single-party and multiple-party system. The purpose of this study is showing that Erzincan was an important educational center throughout history due to its strategic and geopolitical position, and revealing the educational activities performed until the Republican Era in an accurate and chronological order. The study covers the educational life and the educational institutions in Erzincan for the years 1923-1960. In the first part of the study, which consists of three parts in total, the reflections of the educational policies of the Early Republican Era on Erzincan; in the second part of the study, the influence of Erzincan Earthquake that took place in 1939 on education and educational institutions, and short-term and long-term precautions taken in Erzincan by the government of CHP after the earthquake; and in the third part, the educational activities in Erzincan during the government of DP have been examined. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/education?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19459 https://turkishstudies.net/education?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=19459 Murat YILDIZ Djalalzade Mustafa Celebi, who was also a historian, one of the important government official in the XVIth century. He was an author who wrote some boks on history, religion, literature and law. The Fathname of Rhodes, is one of his book, wrote about conquest of Rhodes. Total works with seven copies, in terms of language and narrative forms are 2026-07-16