Turkish Studies - International, Year 2013 Issue Volume 8 Issue 1

02.04.2013 03:07:08

Cemal KURNAZ — 2026-07-16

Mecmua (Compilation) Through the Eyes of Poets

Cemal KURNAZ, Halil ÇELTİK — 2026-07-16

Except from Ömer bin Mezid's study, called Mecmuatunnezair, there isn't one significant publication so far. Because of the decrease in the number of

Questıons To Ask Magazines

Yaşar AYDEMİR, Cemal KURNAZ — 2026-07-16

Magazines are compilation type of works. Each magazine deals with a particular historical period. It reflects the preferences of the person doing the compilation within a certain period of time. We do not have detailed studies as to how magazines which have newly become a part of our agenda in terms of literary studies should be handled and from which angles magazines should be viewed. Magazines are related to various areas such as history, theology, sociology, ethnography, agriculture, medicine, pharmacology, archives, besides literature. It is natural that different areas have different questions. Even if the literature researchers is not expected to ask all of these questions, he is expected to ask questions related to his area of interest and give possible answers. Our article aims at directing the attention of the researcher working on the magazine to the different aspects of the issue, make him think about the possible questions to be asked to the magazine and the possible answers to these questions and to open certain issues to discussion. Fort his reason, central issues such as compositor, context, reader, literary taste of the period, relationship between the magazine and common areas, the area where the magazine is prepared, its being the only source in terms of certain poets, writers, works and transmitted information, its grammar and having archive material have been determined and the questions have been detailed taking these aspects into consideration. Then, the questions have been materialized over the studies performed on a few magazines and the possible answers have been outlined. The evaluations we have done on the questions about the works being studied and the emphasized issues are not directed at identifying the deficiencies in the related works. The purpose of these evaluations is solely to point out which aspects should be given attention to in the studies related to the magazines.

Joint Meşk (Exercıse) Of Three Fellows:Nazire (Mutual Imitation) Of Nev’î, Bâkî And Muradî

Yaşar AYDEMİR — 2026-07-16

Mecmuas (anthologies) shed light on the history and development of literature and the literature itself and its reflection in the society. They are the mirrors of the common literary taste. We can gather from them lots of information and documents which are not visible in the history of literature. Nazire (the art of becoming an expert through imitation) corresponds with meşk (exercise) in literature. Meşk is the leading tradition of the exercises that have played an important role in the training of a poet. Poets get familiar with all the styles of tradition and language thanks to nazire. Thanks to nazire, which seems to be a type of exercise, we can trace the poetic adventure of any poet as well as the steps of the development of poetry as a whole. Bâkî and Nev’î lived in the same period, and they were two friends who underwent the same process of education, training and poetic adventure. In the period when they were fruitful in terms of poesy, Sultan Murat III was the king who proved to be capable of writing poems similar to

On A Poetry Journal Which Is Registered In The National Library

Ahmet AKGÜL, Kamile ÇETİN — 2026-07-16

Divan Literature, in its lifetime which exceeds six hundred years and on a large area which has spread out, has presented numerous well respected poets and important works whose number couldn’t be determined by scientists exactly from to our cultural world. Although some of the works, which belong to this substantial tradition of our literature that has continued for centuries, were turned into a form that modern man can understand by scientists, many works that belonging to this period are waiting for being studied as well. In this study, a journal, with the 06 Mil Yz A 2713 archive number and the title of Mecmu‘a-i Es‘ar which registered in the National Library, and involving various poems which were written by the poets Fuzuli, Hayali, Bagdatlı Ruhi who belong to the tradition of Divan Literature and Kaygusuz Abdal, Asik Omer who belong to the tradition of Folk Literature and some of them aren’t get involved in the published diwans of the poets. At this paper, was analyzed within a certain pattern Mecmu’a-i Es’ar. Thus, introducing a work which hasn’t been studied on till now and presenting the poems which it involves to the use of the man of our time, have been aimed.

About Ghazel Mecmua Numbered 06 Hk 319/1 In National Library

Mustafa ATİLA — 2026-07-16

Mecmuas, created by collection of risales and textes in various capacity, progressed and changed in time, in fact, some of them have been ordered as copyrighted work. And as literature term, they have been used as book and poem anthologies that collected poetic and prose writings in various subjects. Poetic mecmuas that have been numerous sample in Ottoman education, culture and literature can be thought as poem anthologies of the time. Mecmuas are one of the important application sources in determination of poets and poems that do not take part in first degree sources of our literature history. In addition, they contribute to searcher in determination of poem pleasure of the term they have been written in, literal personality of poets and style searching. Mecmua numbered 06 Hk 319/1 that we dealed in this study with has been ordered by two main parts. In the first part of the mecmua, there are poems written in poetry form of müsemmen, müseddes, murabba, muhammes, müseddes, müsebba, müstezad, kaside, terci-i bend and rubai. And in second part in title of “Mecmua-yı Gazeliyyât” there are ghazels. In our study first of all, informations about the general feature of the mecmua have been given and then ghazels that are in the second part of the study have been dealed. While analyzing the poems, together with the names of poets, first couplets of each ghazel, order number, rhythms and page numbers of poems have been indicated by table. By reason of the fact that the table has long capacity, last cuoplets have not been indicated. Available ones involving poems like

Some Determinations And Evaluations In The Context Of A Mecmû’a

Timuçin AYKANAT — 2026-07-16

Mecmû’a (journal), that is an Arabic word, in Turkish means collecting and gathering together. Moving from that meaning, other works (such as risâle or other voluminous works) that contains poetic, nonpoetic or poetic and nonpoetic together expressions that are related also called as mecmû’a. Mecmû’’s are called differently according to their contents and forms. For instance, while a mecmû’a that contains hadiths is called as “mecmû’tü’l-ehâdis (journal of hadiths)” or a mecmua about medicine is called as “mecmû’a-yı tıb (journal of medicine)”; likewise a mecmû’a, that contains poems belonging to one or several poets, is called as “mecmû’a-yı eş’âr (journal of poets)” Mecmû’as that gained a printed literary work appearance in the process, especially those mecmû’as that have a literary characteristic in the context of Classical Turkish Literature’s; basically, certain poetry forms (such as mecmû’a-yı gazeliyyât) can be classified as: mecmû’as that contain several poets’ dewans (mecmû’atü’t-devâvîn), poems that have the characteristic of being an answer to each other (mecmû’atü’n-nezâ’ir), mecmû’as that named after its compiler (Such as Pervâne Bey Mecmû’ası ) from the approach of literature, Mecmû’as can offer many conveniences to the researcher as well as can drag him to many faults. For his reason, mecmû’as must be handled elaborately like almost any material. By this article, moving from the thought that determinations and evaluations made on texts present more healthy conclusions, some determinations and evaluations are made on the data from the journal of Millî Kütüphâne Yazmalar Katoloğu (National Library Handwriting Catolog) 06 Hk 4041 archive number and Mecmû’a-yı Eş’âr (Journal of Poets) name, registered to Şeyh Osmân Şemseddîn.

Bâkî’s Unpublished Ghazals In The Macmua Of Pervane Bey

Savaşkan Cem BAHADIR — 2026-07-16

Bâkî (1526-1600), has become one of the cornerstones of classical Turkish literature with his Divan. His reputation was spread around Iran, Iraq, Azerbaijan and the Indian palaces. After the death of Hayali Bey he became “sultan of the Anatolian poets” and he wrote some works. Although Bâkî arrenge his Divan while he was alive some of his poems can be find in different copy of his

Turkish mecmuas manuscripts in Albanian National Library

Bünyamin ÇAĞLAYAN, Adem BALABAN — 2026-07-16

Turkish mecmuas manuscripts in Albanian National Library The mesnevis,

Ali Emiri's Ottoman History And Literature Periodicals

Seher ERDOĞAN ÇELTİK — 2026-07-16

Periodicals are the documents which constitute resources for our history. A kind of literary atmosphere forms around the magazines; feuilleton novel, story, poetry, critics and similar literary works come together with the reader via these magazines. Founder of the Public Library, Ali Emirî published two literary periodicals named Ottoman History and Literature and History and Literature which are the successor to each other. Totally comprising of 36 issues, the first is published as 31 and the latter is published as 5 issues. During their publication years, the periodical constituted highly literary atmosphere and this atmosphere undertook an encoring mission in youth’s literary works. In this study, these periodicals are introduced and their contributions to our literary and cultural life are mentioned. First of all Ali Emirî published Ottoman History and Literature and History and Literature with the aim of being useful for his country and nation. Later he aimed to illuminate the information/sources of about Ottoman history and literature and correct document mistakes. He also wanted to replay to the works that were published as an opposition for him through the magazine and, including Mehmet Fuat Köprülü he criticized many other people and institutions. Ali Emiri introduces Divanu Lügati't-Türk to Turkish world. He who travelled a lot because of his occupation and thus he continuously collected new information and documents. As he enlarged Emiri sometimes introduced this information to the readers.

A Manuscript Antology Of Poetry Containing Poems Written Between XIII-XVI’th Centuries And Ibn-i Omar’s Poems

Ersen ERSOY — 2026-07-16

Majmua’s (collection of poetries) are very important manuscript books in terms of Turkish literature, culture and history. Lots of majmuas are in manuscript form and contain poems, historical notes, various kowledge about everything. Some majmuas only contain selected poems and resemble antology books of today. Collection of poetries, are important not only in terms of the fact that they reflect the literary discrimination of the time they written but also they give some information about literary history. The majmua we will introduce in this article is founded in Paris Bibliotheque National numbered Supplement Turc 361. The majmua is written in

Thoughts On A Mecmua-i Eş’âr Registered In The İzmir National Library (1467/14)

Yasemin ERTEK MORKOÇ — 2026-07-16

“Mecmua-i Eş’ar” registered with 1467/14 numbered work in İzmir National Library that we have tried to promote, emerges as the fourteenth work in a booklet collected in a single collection of the nineteen separate works. At first glance, this magazine which draws attention with its very small but with legible writing, a clean talik writing and orderly layout creates an impression that it is the result of a mindful hand with its floral ornament in the first pages. The name of the person who sorts out the magazine and the sorting date has not been specified. A period panorama confronts us when the chosen poets for the magazine have been taken into consideration. There is a selection from the poets who lived for about one century between the years of the first quarter of the fifteenth century and first quarter of the sixteenth century. Another intriguing aspect is that the poetry magazines is the web of literary interaction between the poets included in the same work. The Ottoman poetry poets whose poems are listed consecutively with the poets they took as an example and who taunt each other and living together in the same period are just like selected specially. Although the work is not a taunting writing (paralel) magazine, that there are two poems which taunts each other strengthens the possibility that paralel writing can confront us in the selected poetry magazines. The nineteen of the total twenty three poems are the eulogy in this magazine which is missing from the beginning and they appear like “mecmua-i kasaid”. Another distinctive feature of this work that we come across frequently in selected poetry magazines is that the poems which are in lyric verse form are not preferred in this selection.

The Kaside That Doesn’t Take Place In Divan Of Seyyid Vehbi

Haluk GÖKALP — 2026-07-16

Perodicals include kinds of poems. In addition they comprise artistic and cultural accumulation when they were written. Pastiche collections give knowledge abaut pastiche tradition and interactions between poets. Poem notebooks which can collect diffrent subjects contribute to history of literatüre. So, pastiche collections or other collections are one of the main source of classical poetry. Contributions of periodicals to classical school of poetry investigating,may be collected with three groups. Firsh of all, periodicals reflect the plcasure of poem when they were written and poems which were approued can be determined. Second one, they contribute to recognition of poets who weren’t mentioned in history of literature. Third one, investigetors can benefit from periodicals for poems which weren’t mentioned in poet’s

Resources Of Poetry Periodicals

Mehmet GÜRBÜZ — 2026-07-16

The magazines are kind of literature production fashioned especially in 16th and 17th century among Ottoman literates. There are no criteria determined by tradition for content, shape features and form of order. There are also magazines having irregularly recorded independent information from different area of interest together with systematically organized magazines. It is i

The Use Of Poem Compilations In The Examination Of Aruz Works.

Meheddin İSPİR — 2026-07-16

Aruz is a type of rhtyhm emerged from Arabic literature. It has been transferred from Arabic literature to Farsi literature and also from Farsi literature to Turkish literature. Aruz is a rhythm which is designed according to the sounds in syllable and open and closed letters that characterize syllables. Parts are derived from section and specific Aruz rhythm are created in each section. The meter in Aruz is the couplet. Aruz is consisted mainly of sections. Aruz in Turkish literature dates back to acceptance of Islam. For the next centuries, this rhythm has begun to be associated with Turkish language and led to the emergence of Turkish Aruz. There has occurred some difficulties in the application of Aruz in Turkish poetry. The lack of vowel sound in Turkish played an important role. Thus, long stressed vowels were frequently used. This type of rhythm has played an important role in the formation of literary works. It is a concept of sound rhythm in Aruz poetry. There is a necessity of source use in the examination of Aruz. Compilations from similar poems in Divan poetry can be counted among the sources. It eases the examination of Aruz through ordering similar poems in the specific parts. There are plenty of Aruz forms in these compilations. The frequency of defects in the application of Aruz can be traced in these works. A comparison among the poems of the poets who lived in the same era can be made. Further, the development and improvement process of Aruz can be inspected. This paper examined the following samples poem compilations from Turkish literature: Ömer b. Mezîd’in Mecmû’atü’n-nezâir’i, Edirneli Nazmi’nin Mecma‘u’n-Nezâ’ir’i, Pervane b. Abdullah’ın Mecmu‘atü’n-nezair’i, Hisâlî’nin Metâliü’n-nezâir. Also, the need to use of these sources in the examination of Aruz was highlighted.

In Peşteli Hisâlî-Metaliü'n-nezâir Journal and Ritual, Poets Aliases

Abuzer KALYON, Bilge KAYA YİĞİT — 2026-07-16

The subject of this study is the transcribed edition of the second volume of Metaliü’n-nezâ’ir, a work composed by Peşteli Hisali who was a poet of the seventeenth century and who composed a nazire journal. Metâli'ü'n-nezâ’ir, as the name suggests, is a collection of the first couplets of many poets. Hisali’s work is different from other works of this kind in the sense that the former includes only matlas (the first couplet of a ghazel or qasida) whereas the latter includes poems of nazire. In our study, nazire mecmuas and their place in Turkish literature has been explained. Nazire mecmuas whose anthologist are known are explained in this study. If the anthologist is not known, the mecmua itself is explained briefly. Hisali’s life, literary character and his works are also described. In addition to the transcribed text, an index has also been prepared. In Hisali’s work we come across the matlas of not only Anatolian poets but also the Balkans and the Central Asian poets. Interestingly, Hisali collected the poets who belonged to the Turkish literature across different regions. It can possibly be said that Metali’ü’n-nezair is a summary of Turkish literature between the thirteenth and seventeenth centuries. Thus, Hisali’s work can be regarded as a masterpiece.

A Karamanlidika Music Collected Work: Mecmua-yi Makamat

Mustafa KILIÇARSLAN — 2026-07-16

Turkish language has been written with many alphabets throughout history. Among them are Turkish texts that were written in Grek letters after 18th century, which mainly gained gradually increasing importance starting from Fatih Sultan Mehmet’s conquest of Istanbul. These texts were mainly written for the Christian Turks in Anatolia. These works of art written in Karamanlica with Greek letters are significant for language analysis on account of the fact that they reflect the language of Turkish speaking Christians in Anatolia. The Orthodox Christians who write Turkish with Greek alphabet and use this language in their speaking are called Karamanli. The language they use is called Karamanlidika. These people, most of whom have lived in Greece since the population exchange, produced hundreds of works of art mostly in religious context written in Turkish with Greek letters. Karamanlilar, who have adopted Turkish traditions and customs, have made translations from Turkish culture and art to Karamanlidika. Greek lettered Turkish texts are also important for the fact that they are alternative alphabet for the solution of problems in Turkish texts written in Arab alphabet. It is due to the fact that in Turkish texts with Arabian letters is insufficient in showing vowels. Greek alphabet, which shows in vowels much better in comparison to Arab alphabet, gives researchers additional and more accurate information on Turkish language. This study, focuses on the content and spelling features of musical collected work “Mecmua-yı Makamat” which is written in Greek letters after brief discussion on Turkish works of art written in Greek alphabet. Following this chapter, lyric samples have been provided. Finally, original publications of some pages have been given in the text.

4689/5 Numbered Poem Mecmua Registered In National Library

Nazmi ÖZEROL — 2026-07-16

Interms of literature history mecmuas are valuable sources enabling various poetic and prose works in demand in its age come to our day. It is mucheasier thanks to mecmuas to detect the taste of art and literature of there lated age and to reach concrete knowledge. Considering that Classical Turkish Literature is a poem-based literature,it can be understood that poem mecmuas have great importance. Poem mecmuas contributes to perfectly and correctly being understood of our history of literature by fulfilling duties such as unear thing poets whose poem mecmuas have been forgotten because of various reasons or whose names have never been known and unearthing poems of

A Macmua Of Poem Feature Of Periodical (Tazkirah)

Uğur ÖZTÜRK — 2026-07-16

Connotating compiled, collected, gathered, "macmuas" among betwixt "poem macmuas" are of major sources enjoyed to compose history of Ottoman literature or discover blurred features of lives of poets. Grounding in poem macmuas are benefited from poems or poem macmuas bearing biographic informations. Macmuas possesing biographic informations like other ones of single sheets make themselves important. Further, these macmuas count with regard to details clarifying aesthetics of the era and having introduced poets ignored or followed quite rare during their lifetimes and poplularized posthumously. The macmuas aforementioned was entitled as Macmu‘a-i Eş‘âr due to the fact that the term "anthology" hadn't been coined in that period. Purposes of gleaners of the macmuas consisting of particular poems or conceived in form of nazeerah were either to collect exquisite poems of favourite poets or to write an extended record book of poems which attributed to fameless poets. In general terms, it is appropriate to classify the macmuas in recordinds of selected poems in reference to a certain alphabetical order or poem macmuas. In consideration of this, we have chosen ignored or fameless poets as topic. Macmua, even if it contains missing or mistaken information, is remarkable for short but worthwhile informations and including unprominent poets.

A Mecmûas of Poem In The Diyarbakır İhtisas

Ramazan SARIÇİÇEK — 2026-07-16

Mecmûas of poem are important sources for research of Classic Literature in addition to other souces. These Mecmûas introduce admirations of period and this period’s admirable poets and poems. Moreover; some literary works, which are believed to be losed, are able to contain poems of poets’, who don’t have

A Poem Mecmua Registered In National Library With The Number Of 3692

Bahir SELÇUK, Ahmet BELLİBAŞ — 2026-07-16

Shaped according to taste of readers of their written ages, poem mecmuas are the same today's poem anthologies. Although they include poetic passages taking place in diwans, they contributes much to researchers in terms of including poems and original knowledge which can't be found in diwans, being a reference guide during the process of detection and formation of diwans. Especially the journals including poets and poems that can't be detected in basic references have great importance. Besides, as they include poems of diwan poets which aren't available in the their diwans and as they give the opportunity of comparing these poems with available ones, the importance of these poem mecmuas has increased. As long as these poem mecmuas are published, some knowledge in history of literature will be a matter of being corrected, expanded or updated. Thus some of the knowledge in history of literature which is still not known will be set light. In accordance with this purpose, we try to contribute to this process by establishing the poem mecmua (Mecmû’a-i Eş’âr) with the number of Yz. A. 3692 which is registered to Manuscript Collection in National Libray, is largely formed of sufistic poem and whose author and copyright date is unknown.

Mecmua Of Na’t And Mi’raciyye Numbered 1211 In Suleymaniye Library

Ahmet TANYILDIZ — 2026-07-16

Mecmuas, that are day by day increasingly realized to be treasure of Classic Turkish Literature, sustain lots of written material of different fields such as history, mythology, medical knowledges, popular culture, literature and science. From this aspect, apart from the necessity of studying by varied disciplines and perspectives, they are quite important for searching of Classic Turkish Literature field. Because of mentioned aim, in this study among the limited number mecmuas of na’t and mi’raciyye, the one which is in Hamidiye Department, Suleymaniye Library numbered 1211 has been dealed. Na’t and Mi’raciyye mecmuas are the Works in which na’ts including subjects such as personality of Muhammad, his miracles, his intercession, his family, his neighbourhood, his companions and developments occured by all his life and mi’raciyyes telling about the Mi’rac event that is one of the most important miracles of him had been complied. In this mecmua that we tried to study, there are 45 poems in type of na’t and mi’raciyye of 16 poets. In this study first of all, physical feature of mecmua has been evaluated and the poems in work has been classified according to sort of poetry, shape of poetry, its poet and number of couplet. And then it has been indicated the sort of poems, its shape, its unit, its rhythm, its title, its matla’ couplet and makta’ couplet in type of table. In note section in bottom of tables, if available, there are special informations about the poems. If the works like

A Kırkambar from the Seventieth Century: A Mecmua of the Baldırzâde Family

Fatma BÜYÜKKARCI YILMAZ — 2026-07-16

Baldırzâde Selisî Şeyh Mehmed Efendi’s grandfather Ali who was born into a family from Tokat moved to Bursa in his youth. His son Mevlânâ Mustafa received education in different centers of knowledge. After successfully completing his studies he returned to Bursa to work as a hatip and imam. Mevlânâ Mustafa’s son, Baldırzâde Selisî Şeyh Mehmed Efendi, was engaged in a variety of professional positions such as müderris and qadı in Bursa and in Istanbul. He died in Bursa in 1060/1650, leaving behind many original works. His son Derviş Mehmed Efendi also worked as a müderris in Bursa, was employed as qadı in Konya, Trablusşam and Kayseri, but had to retire since he had a stroke, and died in Bursa in 1079/1668. As his tereke records indicate, Derviş Mehmed Efendi possessed a great number of books. Some of his books were sold in Ulucami after his death. The present study will focus on a mecmua among those manuscripts belonging to the Baldırzâdes. This mecmua, like the others, is supposed to have been sold and were no longer in the possession of the family. Mecmuas can be considered as personal collections of miscellaneous records and documents. This mecmua which belonged to the Baldırzâdes contains not only documents such as fetvas and vaqf copies, kept for personal and professional use, but also poems, prayers, texts and quotes on religious and mystical subjects, as well as some treatises/works. It is possible to gain valuable insights into the Ottoman cultural atmosphere by studying the content of the mecmua, mainly because it enables the scholar to draw conclusions about the reading practices of its collector. Therefore, the mecmua emerges as a significant source for cultural and historical research. A very important characteristic of mecmuas is that they might include texts that were either unknown or known but unavailable. This particular mecmua contains the Nâme-i Tâcîzâde Cafer Çelebi, which had not been encountered before. This article gives details concerning the content of the mecmua and presents Tâcîzâde Cafer Çelebi’s work, provides information on Selisî Şeyh Mehmed Efendi and his family, including their personal notes such as the dates of birth and death of the family members. The article also focuses on the subjects that were of interest to the members of the Baldırzâde family, by studying the content of the mecmua.

An Assessment On Dictıonary Corpus Registered On Yz. A 210 Turk Dil Kurumu Library

Mustafa ARSLAN — 2026-07-16

In this study we mention dictionary corpuses that have not been studied much before. It is possible to find that dictionary corpuses in which some of the dictionaries memorized and studied as text books in medresseh are brought together in the same manuscript. Manuscripts found in Turk Dil Kurumu Library are fully sufficient in dictionaries and dictionary corpuses. In this paper the most voluminous one is chosen and studied. Dictionaries are specialised dictionaries and works written to teach Persian. Information about the context, sections and vocabulary is given. By comparing other works, controversial points are tried to be explained. Almost all of the dictionaries are between the line dictionaries written for educational purposes. Some of them contain Persian grammar sections. There are not editor names or compilation date in most of the dictionaries. It is detected that there is deficiency of definition, leaf number and classification in the corpus we study. It is also seen that a dictionary was not registered. In the light of the results, works and characteristics are evaluated. It will be useful for researchers and for the correction of the defective information in the library records.

A Medjmūʿa (Collection) Of Musammats Compiled (Collected) In The XVIth Century

Sadık YAZAR — 2026-07-16

Just after the

One Mecmua Which is not Exist in Libraries

Çetin YILDIZ — 2026-07-16

Mecmuas are one of the most important sources since they contribute to our history of literature due to many poems and proses they contained and also they are fruitful to social and cultural history because of giving information on birth dates, invitations and drug recipes, various prayers. Mecmuas are irregular sources. Consequently, these are contains some difficulties for researchers, nevertheless the informations in mecmuas about history are very important. Therefore, introduction of mecmuas has a distinctive importance. This paper is going to introduce a mecmua obtained from personal library of Hasan Erdemli residing in Tokat. In this mecmua, there are poetical texts such as gazel, beyit, rubai, kıt’a, muamma. Gazel and pend-names’ first and last couplets are given. İlahi and murabba’s which have one sample in mecmua last quatrains are given. And two samples of rubai and kıt’as, four samples of muamma are also given. Davet-name which has one sample in mecmua exists full text. As a poetical text, beyit is the commonest text in mecmua. Different samples of beyit are given. In addition, there are prose texts in social and culturel life such as drug repice, prayer, the Qur’an and hadith. Also, the present paper focusing mostly on poetical texts mentions prose sections roughly. In prose texts, drug repices are more important. Especially in last pages of mecmua, different drug repices about some sickness are exist. Except these, praying, as a way of protecting sickness and its method of perform is remarkable.

Turkish Loanwords İn Persian Language

Naile AĞABABA — 2026-07-16

To this day I always thought that Persian words were passed to Turkish language. But this is not true. By Prof. Dr. H. By Zerinezade revealed for the first time. Prof. Dr. H. Zerinezade proved that about 600 Turkish words passed to Persian language . The mutual relationship between the Turkish and Persian languages is an important issue. Turkish and Iranian peoples of the neighborhood, trade and cultural relations continued for centuries. The impact of these relationships on the left languages, has led to the enrichment of each of the two languages. Historical development of the peoples of the Turkish and Iranian, Turkish and Persian languages, history, language, science, historical linguistic , historical phonetics of the investigation of this issue is very important. Date of Azerbaijan Turkish grammar, dialects, many works written about the phonetics of Arabic, Turkish, Persian and other languages examined the effect, although a limited number of works in the Turkish language is available on the impact of those languages. In the case of an interaction between languages, it necessarily must be mutual interaction. The most important task of linguists in both the development of the language, the grammar of scientific evidence to determine by examining the interaction. Reciprocal relationship between languages, written language, spoken language, or both, may realize such. Persian and Turkish words used in the article were taken through both speech. The second way outweigh the words, because the Turkish scholars and writers in Arabic and Persian writings are known for a long time. Speaking obtained through words fit well with the characteristics of the language. In this way, the words includes words in ordinary life outside the cultural field. Contemporary Persian loanwords from Turkish dialects of the language is much more than writing. The dialects of Persian language to the present day as well as that the old words of the old Turkish words have maintained to the present day.

A Surveying of Book Called Lisân-ı Osmânî

Onur AKBAŞ — 2026-07-16

You know Ali Ekrem Bolayır was the son of Namık Kemal. He was Poet and writer. (b. 1867, İstanbul - d. 27 August 1937).. He sometimes used A. Nadir and İlhâm as pen names in his poems. He was educated by a tutor during his father’s official service on Rhodes (1884) and on the island of Chios (1887). During the reign of Abdülhamid II, he served as the clerk to the chamberlain until he became the Administrator of Jerusalem (1888-1905). Later he served as the Governor of Beirut and the Mediterranean Islands Province, as a professor of text interpretation at İstanbul University (1913-1933) and as a teacher at Galatasaray High School. In the last years of his life he struggled to make a living. When he became ill, he was treated by the famous physician, Mazhar Osman. His grave is in Zincirlikuyu, İstanbul. Ali Ekrem, whose first poem was published in Resimli Gazete, became famous for his poems published in the review Servet-i Fünun in 1896. As he disagreed with Tevfik Fikret, sometimes he wrote for the review Musavver Malumat, which had opposing opinions to those of the Scientific Wealth Movement. He was banned from writing until 1908. He acquired a great reputation with his poem Vasiyet (Testament) inspired by the Greek War of 1897. He wrote epic poems during World War I and the National Struggle. He was one of the first poets to try the syllabic meter but his poems never passed an average level. He also produced work in the areas of theatre, literature and history. WORKS: POETRY: Zilal-i İlham (Inspiration of the Humbled, 1908), Kaside-i Askeriye (Military Eulogy, 1908), Kırmızı Fesler (The Red Fezzes, 1908), Ruh-i Kemal (The Spirit of Maturity, 1909), Ordunun Defteri (The Inventory of the Army, verse and prose, 1918), Anavatan (Motherland, 1921), Vicdan Alevleri (The Flames of Conscience, 1925), Şiir Demeti (Bundle of Poems, 1925). PLAY: Baria (Perfect, 1908), Sultan Selim (Sultan Selim, serialized, 1910), Sükût (The Silence, serialized, 1919), Mama Dadım Darılır (Mama, Nanny will Scold, comedy, serial, 1919) STUDY-MONOGRAPHY: Lisan-ı Osmanî (The Ottoman Language, 1914), Lisan-ı Edebiyat (The Language of Literature, 1914), Recaizade Ekrem (Recaizade Ekrem, 1924), Mesalik-i Edebiye (Ways of Literature, 1928), Namık Kemal (Namık Kemal, 1930), Lisanımız (Our Language, 1930). Also we are going to investigate (research) his book called “Lisân-I Osmânî” on our this study.

Initial Phonem Y In Turkish

Sertan ALİBEKİROĞLU — 2026-07-16

The Turkish language, which has an ancient history, is spread to a wide geography in the old continents. In classification of Turkish, Turcologists use different measures because this spread and natural qualifier of languages which is being alive are the main reasons that Turkish to branch into many dialects and accents. Studies of Turcologists who use dialect for the classification of Turkish show that there are equivalences between West and East branches of the First Turkish on “l-ş”, “r-z” in internal and final phoneme; and on y-s/ş in initial phonemes. Between the Ancient and Modern Turkish, there emerged-especially base on time and place-many phoneme evaluations and formed phoneme equivalences between dialects. These equivalences allow us to understand current situation of the language and have information for the future while they shed light evaluation of Turkish in its long historical journey. This study aims to show the changes of the initial phoneme y which is used in classification based on dialects. These changes will be shown by firstly, determining if during the First Turkish, there were the consonant primarily “y-” in initial phonemes of words, and determining the position of “y-” before the written era of Turkish; and secondly, presenting the positions of initial phoneme y- during the written era of Turkish. Following these motivations, the study only considers the initial phoneme “y-” and does not include the changes in internal and final phonemes.

Variants of Zhoodarbeshim Epic

Cıldız ALİMOVA — 2026-07-16

The given article describes heroic deeds and struggles of heroes of the Kyrgyz-Turkic oral epic tradition, which plays an important role, including all the epics, especially the heroes of the great Manas epic. Generally speaking, in Kyrgyz epics usually a son or a daughter of an epical hero continues his deeds and protects their homeland from enemies. Thus, the epic work is usually composed of more than one logical circle or in other words logical assembly of components. And the epic Manas dwell upon the roots of such epic works. Semetei, the son of Manas, followed his father’s footsteps - he struggles and continues heroic deeds of his father, and later on his grandson Seytek, the son of Semetei, protects his land from enemies’ menace. The second circle of epic Er Toshtuk represents the epic Zhoodarbeshim. In this epic the main hero – Zhoodarbeshim goes for a long adventurous trip to accomplish his father’s deeds and safely returns to his Motherland. As Zhoodarbeshim Epic is the second part of Er Toshtuk, it plays a unique role in the Kyrgyz-Turkic Epic Tradition and it is narrated both – as a fairy tale (oral fairy tale), and as folk epic work as well. The analysis is done on the basis of variants of epic work Zhoodarbeshim written by Oruzbay Urmanbetov, Abdykerim Asan and Kalcha Suranchiyev. Information about narrators, on how and when the variants were written and compiled, were given as well. Summaries were done due to detailed comparative linguistic analysis of chosen variants . The differences and similarities of the epic heroes, places, where the events and struggles took place, the reason why Zhoodarbeshim, the main hero of epic, went abroad, obstacles and trials he encounters, such as marriage ceremony and others, were compared in all variants, and the differences and similarities of the variants were given on the basis of the thorough linguistic analysis of episodes.

An Analysis of Non-Muslim Characters in Ahmet Mithat’s Novel Mesȃli-i Muğlȃka

Ahmet ALVER — 2026-07-16

In the XIX Century, the slow decline of the Ottoman State, losing its former glory, moving away from its military power and facing many political and administrative problems paved the way for the European states to increasingly interfere in the domestic matters of the Ottoman state particularly through the life of non-Muslim elements within the Ottoman borders and thus to awaken their national feelings against the state. In order to secure its territorial integrity against nationalist movements, to integrate non-Muslims and non-Turks more thoroughly into Ottoman society and to prevent the European powers from interfering in its domestic issues, the Sultan introduced The Tanzimat Reforms in 1839. In this context, by getting rid of the Millet system and second class citizienship, non-Muslims were granted more civil liberties and rights that were equal to the majority. This article examines the way in which the prominent writer of the period Ahmed Midhat Efendi deals with non-Muslim characters in terms of ethical, religeous and cultural aspects and how he positions them in his 1898 novel Mesâil-i Muğlâka . The article analyzes the historical and political background and the author’s ideological position. The image and role of non-Muslim characters in the work is dependant upon the author’s approach to religion, ethnical identity and his understanding of civilization. He evaluates the positive characters in terms of their moral, religeous and honour codes whereas he positions the negative characters in terms of their distance from them. In this context, the non-Muslim characters of the novel who live in France are not categorized according to their faith, but instead are categorized in terms of the moral values which he considers to be the basis of Islam.

University Students' Knowing Key Words Of National Anthem

Akif ARSLAN — 2026-07-16

The purpose of this study is to find out whether or not the freshman students of the university know the key words of Turkish National Anthem (Independence Anthem) and from that point of view, to elicit whether or not the National Anthem is understood adequately. The study is a descriptive research where success test consisting of open-ended questions was applied. The success test was administered to three hundred freshman students of day- and night-time attending students from various departments of Agri Ibrahim Cecen University. Based on expert opinion, at the end of the study it was discovered that 33.8% of them know the key words of National Anthem while the rate of those not knowing them is 66.1%. In the study, it is also discovered that the rate of knowing the key words in the first two stanzas (rate of knowing key words in the first stanza is 53.4% while the same for the second stanza is 59.5%) is higher than the rate of knowing the key words in the other stanzas (for instance, the rate of knowing the key words of the ninth stanza is 14.8% while the same rate for the tenth stanza is 4.6%). In other words, it has been discovered that the students know the words in the first two stanzas sung twice every week, better than knowing the words in other stanzas of the poem. In the last part of the study, considering that the anthem contains ideals of the nation and being one of the most important assets providing the i

Nature And Value Of Clearness (Vuzuh) In According To Ahmet Haşim’s Poetics

Özden APAYDIN — 2026-07-16

In this study, “vuzuh” (clearness), which Ahmet Haşim, one of the most important names in Turkish poetry, wrote as a response to the critics, who criticised his poem named “Desire at the End of a Day” and he often mentioned in his article named Some Thoughts on Poetry expressing his own poetics, will be dealt. The poet set the basis of Some Thoughts on Poetry on two important concepts; Meaning and clearness. Although these are supplementary concept to each other, a separate analysis should be done in order to see what “clearness” means for Haşim and to understand what importance it has in his poetry. However, in this analysis his opinions on “meaning” will be benefited for the necessary points. Hence, Haşim’s approach on the matter will be tried to be presented by interpreting some attention-grabbing concepts of the parts of the poetics relating to the clearness as it is the primary subject of this work. These attention-grabbing concepts will be dealt with one by one under different subheadings in this study. The matter will be examined with the questions such as “What is clearness in Haşim’s opinion? What is the place of clearness in poetry; should there or should there not be? Is there any point that Haşim is in a dilemma? What answers does he give to the critics, who accuse him of writing inexplicit poems? Does he think his poems are ambiguous or not?”. Hence how the concept of clearness in poetry is evaluated and expressed by Haşim will be explored.

“Mani” Singing Tradition In The Taşköprü District Of Kastamonu Province

Sagıp ATLI — 2026-07-16

Depending on quickly changing times and evolving events both written and oral culture is transformed from period to period on a specific level. As a result of these differences, while some of the traditional structures maintain the continuity in different ways, some lose its functionality in time. One of the most affected traditions by this change and transformation is "mâni" saying tradition. This tradition, tested for decades and living till now, differs according to the regional sayings.While it's still alive in some areas, it has almost lost its old vitality in some regions. In this article, after giving an overview on one of the most basic kind of Turkish folk poetry “Mâni”, findings and interpretations about the tradition of “Mâni” singing in Taşköprü, the town of Kastamonu, will be introduced. 625 “Mâni” texts, detected in Taşköprü, Kastamonu, between 2009-2010 and determined at the former studies done before will be examined in terms of creation and transmission properties (How, when and in which places tradition of singing Mani is Tasköprü goes on, why and in which circumstances and places Mani’s were forgotten, who’re the Mani singers and listeners, and their features etc.), shape and structure features (Mani verse, rhyme scheme etc.), content (On which subjects are Mani said etc.) and functionality (Features of Mani’s; educative, didactic, adviser, entertaining, a transfer in sharing distress and troubles, a way of request ing a tip etc.).

Twin Consonant In The Yakut Turkish

Emine ATMACA — 2026-07-16

Yakut Turkish which belongs to the group of Uighur - Oghuz Turkish, Yakut Autonomous Republic is spoken. Yakut Turkish, Turkish language dialect. Yakut Turkish, distant dialect of Turkish language. Yakut Turkish is

About two Words Belonging to Our Spiritual Culture: ‘Ağıt and Sığıt’

Adem AYDEMİR — 2026-07-16

Death is a part of life. From time immemorial, humans have expressed sadness for the loss of their loved ones. As societies evolved in different parts of the World, they developed different attitudes and traditions to death. The Phenomenon of death occupies an important position in Turkish Culture and Thought. In Ancient Turkish societies, the ceremonies of burying dead bodies were various and vigorous. Because of this, some ceremonies is fulfilled in death which is one of very important stages of life and after this. It is known that the Turkish beginning from the ancient Turkish people from Central Asia often prefer to Express many events and concepts through the use of symbols instead of writing. In this article, It has been put forward that; the abstract cases are named with the terms used in expressing the concrete cases; the terms belonging to religious life like, ‘ağıt, yas, aş, sagu, sığıt, yoğ’ are exclusively interested in the states of the soul and body during and after death, together the rituals and activities made by the survivors; these are connected to the root of the verb ‘ığ ~ ağ’.

The Concept And Funcion Of Knowledge On Kutadgu Bilig’s Language

Özgür Kasım AYDEMİR — 2026-07-16

Language data, combines the features of the context of production is multi-faceted nature of the data. Considering this aspect of literary products, especially with the help of different disciplines, including linguistics and philosophy, in case of multi-faceted evaluation, which makes them valuable in wealth determined. In this context, politicsbooks have the propeerty of an important data base which is context of the i

The Novel Of Purgatory: Araf

Mustafa AYDEMİR — 2026-07-16

After 1960s in World literatüre, after 1980s in Turkish literatüre, postmodern novel which appeared after 80s is different from classical novel perceptiveness almost in every aspect. The features of this movement can be seen on latest period Turkish writers of literatüre. The belief that postmodern novel reflects moral values and perceptions more successfully is important on this. Having a number of expressive layers in contemporary literatüre work, creating narration by taking reader to different readings, shows that reader has same level utterance rigt as writer. İn this way, writer leaves by presenting the chance and reader completes the background of text. Elif Şafak’s Araf is a narration reflecting postmodern novel perception. İt is different from modern novel thought on the point of traditional event bond, time perceptiveness, view to place, i

Pragmatic Classification Of The Texts In Turkish Course Books

İ. Seçkin AYDIN, Kürşad YANGİL — 2026-07-16

Globally, one of the most discussed problems in education is the issue of teaching in mother tongue and in a foreign language. Accordingly, various methods and techniques have been tried. In any case, using a text is indispensable. Especially listening, reading, speaking, writing and grammar drills are conducted in the classroom environment. Therefore, text preference is an important element in language teaching. These texts are determined according to certain criteria. The texts determined upon criteria are used to improve the language skills of students. Certain linguistic criteria have to be determined for text choice in language teaching. In this context, functional display in the texts chosen is crucial for students to grasp the potential of language. The aim of this research is to assess the texts in 8th Grade Turkish Course Books in a pragmatic perspective. Survey method was used in the research. The statements in the texts were classified according to “speech acts theory” of Searle. In the research, the texts in the common theme, “Social Life”, were analyzed. The texts assessed in three course books were limited with a theme and prose types. The criteria were grouped under the following headings: commissives, declarations, directives, expressives and assertives It was determined that most of the expressions in all the course books were descriptive and expressive while the others were insufficient. Using various expressions in texts contributes to perceptive and expressive skills of students. It was suggested in the research that expression types

Ontologial Evaluation Validation Method And An Evaluation Essay Upon Well Known Poem “Kanla Kirlenmiş Evrak”

Samet AZAP — 2026-07-16

Art is a value that gives to i

A Scale Study that Determines the Attitudes of the Students Who Study by "Pilot Application Of Tablet Pc” in Turkish Lesson

Süleyman BALCI — 2026-07-16

ABSTRACT In this study, it has been aimed to develop a valid and reliable attitude scale to determine first grade Primary school students' attitudes towards the use of tablet book in Turkish Language Teaching course . The scale was created by scanning field method on the basis of the expert opinions 20 items as a 5-point Likert-type which is determining the attitudes of the students towards the use of technology product ( tablet pc ) in Turkish lesson take place in the draft scale. The draft scale applied on the two pilot elementary schools ’ 114 fifth grade students studying in Uşak Yaşar Akar Primary School and Bingöl Fatih Primary School ; and the validity and reliability studies have been carried out. Content validity of the scale were based on expert opinion. As a result of factor analysis for construct validity, a tree sub-dimension scale describing the total variance of 59.92% percent between factor loadings .59 - .82 and consisting of 15 items were obtained. The items of scale include 10 positive and 5 negative expressions. The scale value of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin was found 81, Bartlett test of significance value was found .00 and the internal consistency coefficient of Cronbach- alpha was found .84. In this sense, the lack of scale as a result of work done in the field of Turkish seen as a shortcoming. This context the Project is implelemented in scools considered to contribute to the field scale was created from the data obtained. In addition, the use of technology for Turkish language course will be useful to conduct more detailed studies are emerging.

Direct And Indirect Objects In German And Turkish

Umut BALCI — 2026-07-16

The aim of this paper is to outline the main features of the four language skill which are listening, speaking, reading and writing and to demonstrate some useful methods in order to operate with these skills. Although language often involves the use of all four skills, for the sake of their improvement, in this study it is going to focus on grammar. Grammar rules and their intercession within some methods let to learn the foreign learners some unnecessary knowledge. The main purpose of this paper is to provide some guidelines to work with the objects. Objects are syntactic functions, which characterized depending on the morphological, positional and / or structural, whether a language is agglutinating, inflecting or fusionierend. They appear in the sentence as a person or circumstances on which relate the action / activity / operation of which are referred to in verb. They complement the predicate and therefore called in Turkish tümleç. In traditional Turkish studies, the object is defined as a phrase in the definite or indefinite accusative, which complements the transitive verb. In scientific use of language it is distinguished between the indirect and direct object. The accusative object stands for the direct object and dative object is signed in indirect object. Beside these aspects, it is focused in this paper on how the issue of "direct and indirect objects" is treated in grammars: In both German and Turkish linguistics books and Turkish textbooks, direct and indirect object distinction has been made. However, this distinction has no benefit for the language learners; furthermore, it causes confusion, as it hasn’t been done in accordance with a consistent criterion. This distinction, not having been done basing on a consistent criterion, causes difficulties for Turkish learners to learn a foreign language. To this extend, the aim of this study is to give examples to such inconsistencies in both German and Turkish and, therefore, to prove that it is no use making a distinction between direct and indirect objects.

Minstrel Coffeehouses in the Context of Place Poetic and Their Functions on Minstrel

Adem BALKAYA — 2026-07-16

A literary ecole or pleasure holds its extension in the basis of its own progress, evolution and metamorphosis period. This case is true not only for the formation and expansion of literary movements but also for philosophical and sociological ones. Systematization, determining the rules or forming a manifest is only possible only with a stable place. All kinds of episteme can be obtained relating to that formation as long as the place, in which a style, ecole and pleasure based on or maintained, is being analyzed. Minstrel style literary tradition, whose datas are abstract, strengthened itself by basing upon coffeehouse extension and completed its systematization with this extension. A place bears the inspiration source of literary, intellectual or artistic movements with its organization, controllership, maintainability missions even it makes curative impact with its some peculiarities. The coffeehouses have become the extensions which keep all of the acts relating to minstrel tradition to transfer it to the following period since the day it appeared. These extensions, which are literary schools in which the minstrels flourish, a performance place as a hierarchy and status symptom among the minstrels, a doctrine center which offers proficiency from the point of artistic way, have durability and conveyer mission peculiarities. Besides, these extensions both give information about the past while supporting the tradition. Therefore, minstrel style literary tradition can’t be thought differently from coffeehouses. In this study, the effect of place on style has been emphasized, a short history of coffeehouses has been reminded and certain functions of coffeehouses upon minstrels have been discussed, and finally the importance of coffeehouses into the tradition has been underlined. Ke

The Place and Importance of Riddles in the Context of Language and Thinking

Elif Emine BALTA — 2026-07-16

Abstract Riddles, the entertaining works of folk literature with simple appearances (structures), deep backgrounds and artistic expressions, also have the moral value of carrying the centuries of accumulated cultural traces into today. In daily life, riddle has lost its old popularity. This is quite normal. Because changes in life conditions, variations in the quality of social environments, i

About Mesnevis Published In The Republican Period-I

Ramazan BARDAKÇI — 2026-07-16

Mesnevi, although an Arabic word, is a form of poetry which is acknowledged by researchers that its first samples were appeared in Persian Literature. In Turkish and Persian Literature, right after

Is It Possible To Read Novels Of Yakup Kadri As A "Social Chronic"?

Münire Kevser BAŞ — 2026-07-16

Although it is constantly emphasized that novels by Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoglu are not qualified enough in terms of style and novel technique, it is established as a conviction that his novels could be, even must be, read as a “social chronic”. However, the preferences for imperfect style and technique in a literary text will cause utterance problems. This study focuses on reviewing novels by Y. Kadri in terms of both the qualities of novels as a genre and analyzing the projections resulting from the writer’s preferences of technique on the process of constucting meaning. In the first step I departed from Bahtin’s polyphonic novel concept and in the second step I used the structure as a method, which was conceptualized by Thomson as the methods of constructing meaning. By this method the aim is to achieve the concrete data of the interaction between style and utterance. The first step has confirmed that the author had formed monologic texts, in the second step I analyzed his monologic utterance. I has been detected that the author’s monologic utterance consist of meaning breeding methods serving his reality. These methods has examplified by classifying under legitimation, dissimulation, unification, fragmentation, reification, exclusion and mystification headings. As a conclusion, it seemed that the author’s perception of reality and his attitude to reflect this is not objective, so it would be faulty to qualify these novels as “social chronic”.

The Effect of Discussing the Reading in using High-Level Cognitive Skills

Zekerya BATUR, Hakan GÜLVEREN , Süleyman BALCI — 2026-07-16

This study is an experimental search with a control group.Totally 24 volunteer participant consisting of 12 people in experimental group and 12 people in control group participated in this search .The study lasted four weeks.The experimental group met together every Wednesday and read 50 pages of the book. The debate was led by the teacher and they discussed about the parts they were reading.The same book was given another group and one month later a they were applied a comprehension test.In this test both groups were asked low and high level of questions and while responses of both groups for low-level questions didn’t ended with meaningful differences , experimantal group had better results of meaningful answers in high-level questions.As a result it was seen that negotiational reading has positive effects in reading comprehension , and by the help of this technique one can proceed to analysis and evaluation level from perception and comprehension level.

Abu Hanifah In The Poems Of Diwan

Şeyma BENLİ — 2026-07-16

Sultans, statemen, historical and mythical personage, prophets, sufis, poets and scholars take a place for themselves in the poems of diwan through couplets or substantive poems. One of the scholars who is mentioned in the poems is Nu‘man ibn Thabit, that is better known by his personal record Abu Hanifah and be praised as al-Imam al-A‘zam (the greatest leader). There are poems which is written only for him and are full of praise. But they are few in number. Essential sum is poems that mention of him mediately but always emphasise his superiority. Sometimes some scholars are praised thereby liken to him, sometimes people who ministered to him and his school are appreciated. The aim of this study is to ascertain the place of Abu Hanifah, who has an important position in Islamic science tradition and has a spesific school in the science of Islamic law, in the poems of diwan and to explain speciality and character of his place. The research phace of this article, nearly one hundred diwans were analysed. In some of them, there is not a poem related to Abu Hanifah. All couplets were reached were add to the article. This study based on only diwans. Sagas about him were excluded. Firstly, information is going to be given about Abu Hanifah, then couplets which was written for him will be classified according to their subjects and put in order and will be explained.

Kirdeci Ali and Kirdeci Ali’s Short Masnavi called Dâstân-ı Ömer İbni Hattâb

Halit BİLTEKİN — 2026-07-16

The first products of Turkish Literature developed in Anatolia are literary works originating from religion. These works are among the most important factors in Turkization and Islamization of Anatolia after the conquests. They also played important roles in permanence of Turkization and Islamization of Anatolia. In the beginning, the service that had started with translation and commentary of Koran and the sections of the Koran continued with the religious, sufistic and moral poetic works. One of the periods that these poetic works are mostly seemed is XIV. century. In this century literary works that are appealing to the religious, moral and Islamic heroism feelings of folk have been written in the form of short masnavis like Deer, Limbless Head, Pigeon, Dragon. The authors of these works are mostly unknown. In some of them, the issue that the name which appeared in the works is whether belong to the author or the narrator is ambiguous. Kirdeci Ali is one of these poets who is assummed to have lived in the XIV. century. Kirdeci Ali has the well-known three short masnavi in the history of literature, which are the Epic of Limbless Head, the Epic of Pigeon and the Epic of Dragon. Except for these, there are some epics, which are ascribed to Kirdeci Ali, like the Hikâye-i Delletü’l-muhtel and the Legend of Deer, but it is doubtful whether these epics are belong to him. This article focuses on the Kirdeci Ali’s short and unknown masnavi, called as Dâstân-ı Ömer İbni Hattâb, including fifteen verses and written in the form of ”fâ’ilâtün fâ’ilâtün fâ’ilün”. The subject of this masnavi is the story between Omar and a Jew. The short mathnawi tells the apostasy of a Jewish society to the Islam by the providence of God and through the Omar’s acts.

A Sample Of A Local Magazine: Çağlayan Magazıne

Erdal BOZDAĞ — 2026-07-16

Culture and art activities in Turkey have generally been İstanbul-based and therefore parallel to this fact, the leading art and literature magazines have always been published in İstanbul. Local magazine publishing begins with the foundation of the Turkist associations’ activities after the second constitutional period and during the Republican years, it has shown a massive increase with the foundation of community centers. Although most of the local magazines published by those associations couldn’t have reached to national from local, some of them have reached the quality of the İstanbul-based magazines in terms of their writers and the topics they dealt with. One of these magazines is the Çağlayan magazine. In this article, a general review and index of the Çağlayan magazine which was published by Orhan Şâik Gökyay in Balıkesir during the years 1925-1926 is made. In the review part, a general overview of the art and literary magazine publishing from the Reforms to Republic is done and the structural features of the magazine, its art concept, writing staff and the list of the writers who use pseudonyms are mentioned as well. In the index part, in order to be a source for the studies which will be done about the magazine; the writers, names, kinds, publishing numbers, dates and pages of the writings which are in the magazine are stated. The writers who use pseudonyms have been tried to determined and the the ones who were determined take part both in the list of the writers who use pseudonyms and in the index part. These names took part in the index section in bold after the real name. Some of the pseudonyms which couldn’t have been identified were left all the same but they were tried to be identified by means of the clues which are about who these people could be.

On Subject Types

Şahap BULAK — 2026-07-16

It is not much mentioned about syntax in Turkish grammar books. Subjects on syntax have been shortly epitomized in chunks and with similar examples. But, recently syntax has been one of the most researched linguistic subjects. Accordingly, as a result of these studies, in recent days, books on syntax have been consecutively published. Many

Towns And Cities In Which Researches On Turkey Turkish Dialects Have Not Been Carried Out

Serdar BULUT — 2026-07-16

Researches on the dialects of Turkey Turkish go back to Maksimov’s studies in 1867. This period continued until 1940’s and was named as period of foreign researchers’’. Although these studies lack of many things, they are important because of being pioneer researches. Native researchers focused on the subject after 1940. Listing of the researches and presenting them to scientists are as much important as the researches temselves. Therefore,there is a need for bibliographies. Bibliography studies are very important sources for scientific researches. Therefore, our research assistants have tried to find the place (region) of dialect researches. Saadettin Buluç, Kayahan Erimer and “Türkiye Türkçesi Ağızları Bibliyografyası” (by Tuncer Gülensoy and Ercan Alkaya) gave information about the regions. However, we will show (in our study) towns and cities about which any master’s thesis, PHd thesis or a book (focusing on it) have not been published; this is different from their studies. Consequently, we will present a prepared list for researchers of Turkey Turkish dialects. Showing the place of researches is as important as showing them.We will include places on which undergraduate thesis have been carried out into our list (of towns and cities in which researches on Turkey Turkish have not been carried out ). We will also include places that just their city-center dialects have been researched or were studied as wide field work into our list.

Turkish Teachers Attitudes Towards The Evaluation Of Writing Training Course

Dilek CERAN — 2026-07-16

The development of writing skills, of any information, opinion, and ensure the permanence of an important communication tool to establish communication between the generations. Language ability is usually obtained in writing skills through formal training. Therefore, students gain the ability to write, to write the basic responsibility of interest and requests the creation of teachers, especially Turkish teachers rights reserved. Turkish teachers, students acquire the writing experiences, encourage them to write and ensure effective participation in the process. For this reason, Turkish teachers graduate program courses to develop skills that are needed. For this purpose, part of the Faculty of Education of Turkish Language Teaching Writing Education course in the third year curriculum are presented. Purpose of this study was to determine Turkish teachers' attitudes towards the course Writing Education. Turkish teachers' attitudes towards Writing Education course designed to detect the 37-item attitude scale. Scale the 2011-2012 academic year, the University of Necmettin Erbakan, the Department of Turkish Language Teaching Faculty of Education Ahmed Keleşoğlu 137 third-grade students were studying. Turkish teachers' attitudes towards the course Writing Education in general is positive. In addition, the findings of the scale, gender, education grades were evaluated according to the type and course success. According to the survey, Turkish teachers' attitudes towards the course Writing Education showed a significant difference according to gender and course achievement score. She says teachers' positive attitudes than male student teachers. Looking at the success of the course grade course grade students who are good, medium and exhibit a more positive attitude towards the lesson than those with passes. However, Turkish teachers' attitudes towards Writing Education course differ according to the type of education have been identified.

The Research Of Stories In Turkish Coursebook In Terms Of The Suitability To The Child Principle

Pınar ÇAKIR — 2026-07-16

Course books are of great importance in the education of the child. The stories in Turkish course book, which is effective in attaining the course’s necessities, are the genres that children read fondly. Thus, these texts in course books should be chosen and prepared meticulously. Stories in Turkish course books are examined under two titles regarding the characteristics of child development and ‘suitability to the child’. 1. Design features, which the Stories in Turkish course books must have are: paper, page layout and illustrations. 2. Features which Turkish course books must have in terms of suitability to the children are: Topic, theme, character(s), language and expression, message and environment. In the research conducted on design features, it is ascertained that although the illustrations suitable to the texts, the objects and type castings are not suitable to the age of the children and the illustrations used excessively and overshadowed the texts. The layouts of the text enable to children to read these texts easily but the excessive used illustrations affected the readability negatively. Research conducted on content features indicated that texts deal with uninteresting topic as to children, authoritative language use effected children’s perception about course books and lessons. The principle of suitability to the children is disregarded. In conclusion we can say that some of the stories in Turkish course books are not suitable to the child and incorrect as to language and design.

Reflections of Western lifestyle on social life in Muazzez Tahsin's novels,the popular romance author of Republicperiod

Selami ÇAKMAKCI — 2026-07-16

Social developments after Tanzimat brings the big changes in entertainment life. After these changes entertainment life is written in novels. the changes in the entertainment life from Tanzimat to Republic are also issued in novels after this period. According to the changes in social life and entertainment life, the person meets the new kinds of entertainment different from the traditional life. Balls, tea parties, soirees, dances,gamble and alcohol are the main parts of these entertainments. Especially women take part in social life due to this Western lifestyle. These activity parts help women to be seen in public life and they develop social relationships. Society's understanding of entertainment changes from traditional to Western style and women's and men's behaviour patterns changes in social and cultural activity range. Dancing in entertainment places, gambling and drinking alcohol are new behavour patterns due to the Western impact. İn traditional life, there is no dancing like in the West, so this helps women and men to develop relationships. Balls and tea parties almost becomes dance parties. Because dancing, waltzing, doing tango are the rituals oftheseparties. Beyoğlu has a great impact on the rapid proliferation of modern life in society. Because Turkish society knows much of the innovations related to this way of living through this district which is the centre of modern life. This part of İstanbul in which Western lifestyle has been lived intensively since Tanzimat had an impact effect on Muazzez Tahsin's characters. İn most of her novels it can be seen that Western entertainment and cultural pleasures became widespread in all parts of society through Beyoğlupartsintime.

Examination Of Tomb Of Muğdat Dede Which Is In Mersin In The Context Of Folk Culture

Nilgün ÇIBLAK COŞKUN — 2026-07-16

Tombs and place where a holy man is buried which is came upon many places in Anatolia is a grave or position which is called saint by Turkish folk is a belief hotspot that its origin comes from pre-islamic period. These people, who are acknowledge as companion of God in mystical context, are attributed to having miraculous when they are alive. After death of saint, their miracle got increased their features of persuasiveness through various legends which is made up around their personality. As a result of this, tombs of saint have been sanctified. At the present time, most of the people -without their any social-cultural position- have awe to the tombs and place where a holy man is buried. Depending on this, it is very common to visit and vow something to the tombs or place where a holy man is buried when the people feel that they are helpless. In Mersin folkloric culture, as well as in other cities, belief of tombs has very important position. There are too many tombs and place where a holy man is buried in it. However, there is a special point of Tomb of Muğdat Dede which has a sepulcher in the center of the city and it is visited frequently by the people who lives both in Mersin and in out of it. In this article, Tomb of Muğdat Dede has been analyzed and discussed through folkloric perspective. Firstly, it has been accentuated who Muğdat Dede is, secondly it has been introduced its tomb where is in Mersin. Accordingly, it has been touched to the importance of Muğdat Dede’s in the folklife, its miracles, in consequence to make cult the saint by the information set out in the oral and written sources. Also, beliefs and praxis which is performed in his tombs have been analyzed and discussed and its pre-islamic sources have been explicated. Thus it has been tried to emerge what tombs and place where a holy man is buried signification, its importance and its function is.

Kadının Mekânları Dönüştürmesi ve Mekân Üzerinden Verilen Mesajlar: Fatma Aliye Örneği

Ayşe DEMİR — 2026-07-16

Fatma Aliye is the daughter of Ahmet Cevdet Paşa, an eminent statesman of the last century of the Ottoman State, and the sister of Emine Semiye who was likewise a novelist. Having grown up in such a family made her sensitive to the issues of the period and the social structure she was living in. However, her main focus has been literature and women’s issues. She manages to bring together these two intellectual concerns in the novels she writes. In Fatma Aliye’s novel female heroines are central. The writer adopts the lives, world views and adventures of these heroines as starting point and constructs the plot around these elements. All the intrigues and events in the novel come together around the central female character. Other characters enter the novels through their relationship to this character. The female heroines have the capacity and experience to change not only their own lives but those around them as well. They demonstrate this powerful influence on spaces as well as the living conditions around them. They arrange and transform space and environmental conditions according to themselves. Fatma Aliye’s heroines are ideal figures and they communicate the message of the writer through their lives and the attitude they take in the face of various events. These messages are related sometimes indirectly, and sometimes indirectly. The position of the characters and to a certain extent the narrator vis-à-vis space provides a fitting stage for the writer to put out her indirect message. That is to say the narrator offers a picture of the dynamics of ideal space-Man relationship through the heroine’s understanding of space, the way she makes use of or organizes it.

A Comment On Ashaab-El-Kahf In Modern Times: Ayışığı Sofrası

Hiclal DEMİR — 2026-07-16

ABSTRACT Seven Slepeers/ Ashaab-e-Kahf has an important place in the Christian and Islamic cultures. The fact that this legendary religious tale is not mentioned in any other holy books but Quran, provides the vitality of this legendary religious tale in Islamic culture. The verses of Surat al-Kahf 9-26. is related to this tale. Ashaab-e-Kahf which is seen as evidence of life after death, found its place in tafsir and hadiths as well as menâkıbnâmes, kısas-ı enbiyâs and fütüvvetnâmes. Seven Sleepers also attracted the attention of fantastic literature due to the miraculous circumstances it includes. In fantastic narratives, concept of time and places in reality can be trivialized. Even if nesting of reality with imagination has created wonder on readers initially, writer’s coherence in fiction provides comprehension of text. In fantastic literature, which has a tendency to distort the truth, historical and mythological heroes are portable to the present through historical misconception (anachronism). Nazlı Eray has made such an anachronism in her novel, Ayışığı Sofrası, and she has encountered the narrator (Serra), who seeks answers to the questions about her life, with one of the characters in Ashaab-e-Kahf, Yemliha, in present-day Ankara. This encounter is surprising for both sides. Serra has established parallels between her own life with such situations as “disappearance”, “sleeping and waking up (death and resurrection)”, “finding answers to questions regarding of life in darkness” which are lived by Ashaab-e Kahf. The cave friends get to know the world thanks to the narrator and they find a chance to compare the time they had slept and the time they woke up. Modern life and modern man’s passions are handled in novel via narrator who is impatient to introduce modern life to Seven Sleepers. Serra, who is the narrator, would continue with her life in submission based on Ashaab-e Kahf’s life experiences, although she couldn’t find answers at all questions of life.

The effect of "Textliguistics” on the Competence of Developing Reading Activities of Prospective Turkish Teachers

Şükran DİLİDÜZGÜN — 2026-07-16

In Turkish language teaching reading objectives are text-based and sufficient for developing receptive and productive skills. However, reading activities in textbooks are somehow repetitions of the objectives and text studies requiring cognitive process for improving reading skills are inadequate. The purpose of the study is to find out whether “Textlinguistics” effects the competence of developing reading activities of prospective Turkish teachers. For this reason the last year Turkish Department students of Hasan Ali Yucel Education Faculty where textlinguistics is an optional course and another equivalent Education Faculty have been taken as sample and the study has been designed as a posttest model with a control group, which is one of the experimental research models. After the education of experimental group, both groups have been asked to prepare at least five comprehensive activities on a story to reach the global meaning as posttest. To evaluate the activities, a rubric which is composed of the categories under the headings of reading objectives, the elements of text-structure and other activities has been developed. In addition to descriptive statistics, the result of independent sample t-test has been found significiant. The research has been supported with a qualitative aspect by students’ regards taken with open-ended questions.

Overview Of Westernization Axis To Woman And Family In The Novel Of Peyami Safa’s Yalnızız

Sümeyye Dinler KÖKSAL — 2026-07-16

At the end of th 19th century Ottoman Empire had recognised the supremacy of West and quicken westernization movements. Westernization had started with military basis and then spread out whole social life. National Literature Period which the Westernization make itself feel intensively in every part of society is a fertile period in terms of Literature. By the effect of this western change in the social life ; a lot of problems and issues had appeared which needed to work on them. That is why this effective alteration had been main subject to most of the literary works written at that time period. Literary Works which not remaint indefferent for the social changes in the large part of the society often enacted the westernization as a matter. We see the Peyami Safa giving Works about west and westernization especially in novel type. The facts of social life in western basis is studied meticulously by Peyami Safa and he pointed on effects of westernization on women and family. Peyami Safa who worked about general charecter and westernization adventure of women uses women carefully and gives important duties for women in his novels. In his works he has very important findings about fundamentals of family life and effects of westernization that is why his literary works had acknowledged as very important documents explaining the time period of change. In this study we try to determine how the women and family structer was changed with the westernization in the Yalnızız novel of Peyami Safa.In this writing we have seen effects of westernization on women and family platform with examples.

Existentialist Factors And The Concept Of Self In Özdemir Asaf’s Poems

Gökay DURMUŞ — 2026-07-16

Özdemir Asaf, one of the person as of Republic Era Turkish Poetry, has not been adequately examined yet. Asaf is always considered among self-contained persons in the studies of our literature history but comprehensive and profound analyses are not done. Therefore, opinions and reasons for these opinions about the acknowledgement of his self-containment are discussed in the introduction, The middle part of the study is about his poems acquiring existentialism as a framework since existentialism is the focus of his poetics and perception of life. For this reason, first, the main principles of existentialism are introduced in this section. The effect of this philosophical system on contemporary writers and on the atmosphere of our literature and the repercussion met in this atmosphere were reviewed. The traces of existentialism in Turkish literature are also monitored. The issue that how Asaf expresses the main principles of existentialism in his poems creates the frame of middle part of this study Özdemir Asaf was affected by the approach of existentialism to human beings. The essence of this approach is human who was sent to this world without his will, but nonetheless he alters this negativity by correct choices, and who was expected to determine his own predestination. Özdemir Asaf accepts the second person, i.e., “you” as the center and addresses to all humans via “you”. While doing this, Özdemir Asaf uses his poems as his tools, weaves them with thought, and warns “you” to be yourself, not to leave someone else the management of your life, and to value worldly life. Because he thinks that an i

On The Authentic And Modified Input In The Second/Foreign Language Teaching

Mustafa DURMUŞÇELEBİ — 2026-07-16

In the language teaching, the subject of input presented to learners and comprehension level of these inputs by learners are one of the significant fields. Because of this, how these inputs are presented to learners are also important. These inputs learners exposed can be authentic texts which are produced in natural communication environment of those who speak target language as native language and also can be modified texts which are produced by modifying authentic texts according to proficiency level of target group or by natural way considering the anxiety of learners. Modified texts also can be presented as simplified or elaborated texts. In this paper, significance of reading comprehension, selection of authentic or modified text and types of modification in the process of language teaching will be discussed. It should be noted that it is not possible to find a particular usage area for each of these text types in the second/foreign language teaching process. However, while creating teaching materials, the teaching process can be enchanced by using authentic, simplified or elaborated texts because simplified and elaborated texts upgrade the level of learners and positively influence their learning motives. Authentic texts, because of their natural language material, help learners to practise their communication skills in the target language. The article reveals the theoretical features that produce authentic texts or types of modified texts, and the aspects of these text types that may be found benefical or that make them difficult to understand by pointig to the principal literature on the subject. In this regard, the article is a theoretical and descriptive study that produce framework that provides basis for implementations of the publishers who have to prepare texts for target groups and of the faculty members who have to prepare texts for their second/foreign language learners.

The Relationship Between Learning Styles And Learning Strategies of Turkish Teacher Candidates

Erhan DURUKAN — 2026-07-16

There is big importance of learning styles and learning strategies for increasing the students’ achievement. Learning styles are based on the characteristics came from birth, however the learning strategies are based on the learning forms earned and used after the birth. For this reason it has been expected that there is a relationship between learning styles and learning strategies. It has been occurred that there are many studies in some disciplines about this relationship, but there aren’t any researches in Turkish education literature. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between learning styles and learning strategies of Turkish teacher candidates. Research has made on 256 students (1, 2, 3, and 4. class) studying in Karadeniz Technical University Fatih Education Faculty Turkish Education Department. Research’s data for determining learning styles were collected with Kolb Learning Styles Scale (KLLS) and for learning strategies were collected with Learning Strategies Determining Scale (LSDS) developed by Ozdemir and Guven. Research were made with relational survey model. Data related to learning styles and learning strategies was stated with frequency and percentage. The relationship between learning styles and learning strategies was analyzed with One Way ANOVA in SPSS 16. At the end of the study it has been found that: 1) Students have learning styles in order of assimilator, converger,

Evaluation of Post-Graduate Theses on Values Education

Bilal ELBİR, Can BAĞCI — 2026-07-16

Values inter personal interaction, family and other social influences were tested and learned by observing. Values are restricted for a long time, and sociologists interested in the i

The Effect Of Teaching Applications Based On Multiple Intelligence Theory On Students’ Reading Comprehension Skills

Cahit EPÇAÇAN — 2026-07-16

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of teaching implementations based on multiple intelligence theory on students’ reading comprehension skills in primary school. In the study, experimental model of pre-test and post-test with control group have been used. The group of study has been composed of 7. class students of second grade in Sancaklar Primary School which is dependent on Public Education Management in Siirt. Experiment and control groups are composed of these students. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, appropriate class activities have been prepared for the teaching applications based on Multiple Intelligence Theory. These activities have been implemented according to students’growth and learning levels. On the purpose of determining the effects of teaching implementations based on multiple intelligence theory on students’ reading comprehension skills not only quantitative but also qualitative means of data collections have been put into account. The quantitative data collections have been obtained by the readiness test of Turkish language course and test of reading comprehension. The qualitative data of study, has been collected by making use of interview form providing teachers and students’ views regarding the learning and teaching process. According to the results obtained from the quantitative and qualitative data, it has been appointed that The teaching applications based on Multiple Intelligence Theory in primary school have been more effective on increasing the levels of student’s reading comprehension. By means of the effectiveness of the teaching implementations based on multiple intelligence theory on developing students’ reading comprehension skills, It was determined that the quantitative data of the study, the qualitative data based on the views of the teachers and students, and the research results on the multiple intelligence theory’s effectiveness in teaching all corresponds to eachother.

A Journey Trilogy In The Context Of Mystic And Metaphysic “Hüsn ü Aşk - The Pilgrim’s Progress - The Alchemist”

Nazire ERBAY, Eren ÖZBEK — 2026-07-16

Journey is a mystical action in which a person goes through a metaphysical experience regardless of his physical existence even though it has just a meaning of a usual moving in time and place. The journey that brings the i

Bektashi and Ishraki a Poet: Safi, of Life, and Copies of the Divan

Özlem ERCAN — 2026-07-16

Safi, XVIII. the last half century and XIX. lived in the early years of the century. Poets examined in tezkires them from Safi Morteza only in terms of compliance with the century in question. However, the philosophy of Safi Bektashi and İshraki included. Yet Bektashi, and İshraki Murtaza Safi on whether there is any hint. For this reason, it is doubtful whether two people are the same people. The article mentioned Murtaza Safi's life and Divan is possible to get information about the poet's life. According to this information Safi, Usak, Istanbul and Rumelia was found. AH. 1221- 1222/ G. 1807- 1808 he served as the Tayyar Mahmoud Pasha, the Grand Vizier of the service assigned to clerical. Therefore, a person who is secretary profession. The other part of the article, the Divan identified two copies of the introduced. Divans, revealed that the off-balance sheet formats. The next section focuses on the Alevi- Bektashi culture, the reflection of a work of Safi’s. This section Love of Haci Bektas Veli, Love of the Prophet Ali and Ahl-ul-Bayt, Love of the Twelve Imams, Four Door Forty Maqam, Iqrar and Karbala Incident chapters. The last chapter, one of the Islamic schools of philosophy and established by Suhrawardi introduced philosophy of Ishraki. Such philosophy, Surat an-Nur, Nur, Nur-un-Nur and Persecute under the headings have been studied.

A Comparisonal Research on Dove Episodes

Osman ERCİYAS, Duygu ORUÇ — 2026-07-16

The religious texts are some of the greatest products of the Divan and Folk Literature. These texts carry a great value not only since they convey the feeling of the way of spiritual perception in the period concerned, but also they possess the products of language which are blended with the cultural context into which they are born. These treasures, which have been acting as an interpreter to the public’s common view of the world, will be moving away from one of their most important tasks of function of conveying their value to the next generations and they will be forgotten if they are not scientifically studied. The methods to be followed as required by Philological approaches have universal features in terms of resituating the real value of the texts. Many of the significant works of art in the field of Anatolian Turkish Folk Literature aroused great attention, and consequently were written by various authors and a wealth of work has emerged in terms of copies of work of art. Such richness in the copies of work of art; however, made it necessary to conduct comparative text studies. The Dove Episode which is supposed that the first sample of religious – mystical Turkish literature and thought that it belongs to Kirdeci Ali has been brought into light with variations by different resarchers. The purpose of this study is bringing into the light an unknown aspect of ‘Dove Episode’ on the pages of the written work named episodes and gazzels which exist at the Atıf Efendi library collection numbered 45/3 of Mehmet Zeki Pakalın and is making public the similarity and differences of them by comparing with the other variants.

Perception of the Turkish Consonants by Korean Speakers

Mevlüt ERDEM, Mehmet Akif KILIÇ , Mustafa SARI — 2026-07-16

Altay Dil Ailesi içinde yer alan Türkçe ve Korece öge sırası, çekimli yapı vb. birçok ortak özelliğe sahiptir. Her iki dil sesbilgisel olarak karşılaştırıldığında her iki dil arasında bazı önemli farklılıkların olduğu görülür. Türkçenin aksine, Korece patlamalı ünsüzler (stop) üçlü bir zıtlaşma sağladıkları için tipolojik olarak sıradışı bir özellik sergilerler. Fakat bütün bu ünsüzler kelime sonunda ve kelime başında ötümsüz olarak oluşurlar. Korece aynı zamanda gevşek-gergin (lax-tense) ayrımına sahip sızmalı /s/, /s’/ çiftleri de yer alır. Yani /s/ ve /s’/ anlam farklılaşması oluşturur. Dahası Korece yan ünsüz olan /l/ kelimede bulunduğu yere göre iki farklı biçimde teleffuz edilir. Bu makalenin amacı Türkçe bilgisi olmayan ana dili Korece olanların Türkçe ünsüzleri nasıl algıladıklarını araştırmaktır. Böyle bir çalışma, Korece konuşurların Türkçe ünsüzleri algılamaları Korecenin sesbilgisel özelliklerle yakından ilgili olduğunu göstermektedir. Türkçe patlamalı ünsüzlerin Korece konuşurlar tarafından farklı algılanmasının temelinde her iki dildeki VOT değerlerinin farklı olmasında aranmalıdır. Korecede bulunmayan Türkçe ünsüzler Korecede bu ünsüzlere en yakın ünsüzle ifade edilir. /r/ ve /l/ ünsüzlerinin Korecede ayrı birer sesbirim olmamaları nedeniyle bu ünsüzlerin algılanmasında zaman zaman sorunlar yaşandığı gözlemlenmiştir. Özellikle kelime başında ve sonundaki /r/ ünsüzü, /l/ ünsüzü biçiminde gerçekleşmiştir. Her iki dil de genizsiz ünsüzlere sahip olduğu için Türkçe genizsiz ünsüzlerin algılanmasında herhangi bir sorun yaşanmaz.

An Investigation Of Speaking Skills Of Turkish Teachers From The Viewpoint Of The Preservice Turkish Teaching Teachers

Onur ER, Özden DEMİR — 2026-07-16

The main purpose of this qualitative study is to investigate fourth grade Turkish Teaching Department Students’ (both normal and evening education) views regarding Turkish Teachers’ speaking skills. Convenient sampling method was used for qualitative data. Prospective teachers’ views on Turkish teachers’ using speaking skills were explored using a semi-structured interview form. Target population of the study is fourth grade students enrolling Turkish Teaching department at Kafkas University. In the qualitative dimension of the study, 39 volunteer students were conducted a semi-structured interview form. When semi-structured interview form was prepared, body language, appeal, the content of speech and texture and pattern of speech were considered by us. The qualitative data were analyzed creating codes and themes using content analysis methods. As a result of this study, the majority of Turkish teacher candidates agree with the idea that Turkish teacher's appeal is good. Also, students reported that teachers have trouble due to lack of sufficient words. In addition to the content analysis of the vocabulary of failure showed some negative codes such as; limited vocabulary, local dialects, words again, not being competent, not reading books, sufficiency of words in the book, coming to class unprepared, textbooks commitment, ineffective narration, uneven narration, according to the teacher book narration, indiscipline.

Aesthetic Of Language In Yahya Kemal

Zeliha GADDAR — 2026-07-16

Language is primarily a communication tool. The different functions of language creates different usages of language. Language for daily usage has a function to provide the exchange of information. Literary work isn't written to pass information. Literary language loads function of art. In this article aesthetic elements of language in Yahya Kemal’s works have been tried to be examined. Aesthetic elements of the language in Yahya Kemal has been examined under two headings. The first elements of which the aesthetics of Yahya Kemal’s language is choice of words and the relationship of these words. Yahya Kemal benefited from connotation facilities and contrast relationship of words. The second element of which the aesthetics of Yahya Kemal’s language is music. Music is very important element in the formation of aesthetics of language ın Yahya Kemal’s poems. Musical elements have been examined under three headings. The first of these is repetition. Yahya Kemal gave place to iterations of word, group of word, verse and unit of verse ın poems. The second element of music in Yahya Kemal’s poems is assonance and alliteration. Relationship of sound repetition and content increased aesthetics of Yahya Kemal’s language. The third element that provides musical harmony in Yahya Kemal’s poems is meter, rhyme and redif. Yahya Kemal said harmonious verses syllabic meter in arrow title poem, with prosody meter in other poems. Yahya Kemal gave importance to rhyme in poems. There is rhyme also in Yahya Kemal’s intense emotional poetry. Another factor that ensures the harmony of music in Yahya Kemal’s poems is redif. Yahya Kemal used redif that be in case of addition as well as redif that be in case of word.

An Elegant Lover: Ruscuklu Zarifi And His Divan

Hüseyin GÖNEL — 2026-07-16

Zarîfî, who is mentioned as Zarîfî Baba, Zarîfî Ömer Efendi, Zarîfî Baba Ömer Efendi, Şeyh Ömer Zarîfî Efendi, Ömer Baba in the sources, was a 18th century Divan poet. In the history of literature, there are six more poets other than Zarifi who used the same nickname. Five of them lived before him while one of them is his contemporary. He was born in Ruscuk, within the borders of Bulgaristan today, and died in 1795 in the same place. As a Sheikh of the Sa’diye cult he wrote ârifane poems. Zarîfî, who is also known as a Pendname poet, is recorded in biographic sources to have a Divan. However, it was believed either to have defeated by time or lost. As a result of our researches, we discovered that the writing with the T 3863 registration number in Istanbul University Library is actually the Divan of Ruscuklu Zarîfî. Although the poet himself is a calligrapher, the so-called edition is not his own calligraph. The Divan, copied by Es-Seyyid İbrahim is a re-arranged one. However, it does not contain all the components of a well-srtuctured Divan. There are 30 poems in the first part which we call Kaside, and there are 536 poems in the Gazels section. The Kasides are addressed to God, the Prophets and the Saints. There are no poems addressing to any statesmen. There are poems in each letter in the alphabet from Elif to Y. There are five types of verses in Divan such as Mesnevi, Kaside, Gazel, Murabba and Muhammes. Although Zarîfî's poems are mainly Sufistic, the reflections of classical and Hikemi style are also visible. The poet, who uses a simple and comprehensible language, also employs idioms and proverbs in his works. The reflections of Pendname style are also evident in his works. The Divan was prepared for publication and it came to light by being introduced broadly in this article. The life and literary biography of Zarîfî, about whom there are very limited language, are revealed to the benefit of academics through this paper.

A Literary School Criticized on Merits of “Kara Bela” (“Misfortune”): Namık Kemal

Hacer GÜLŞEN — 2026-07-16

One of the most notable writers of Turkish literature, Namık Kemal was rather a school unto himself, owing to his pursuits in the creation of a New literature, his works and critical essays. Several prominent figures assembled around him, sharing his thoughts, and also defending him ardently. More often than not praised, he was sometimes criticized bitterly. Introducing Western literary forms to a nascent universe, he assigned importance to theater. For him, it is entertainment – but a most useful distraction. “Mukaddime-i Celal” is the preface of the title “Celalettin Harzemşah.” This prelude was composed with an allusion to Victor Hugo’s Cromwell foreword. In this, his views on drama are markedly captivating. He penned his play “Kara Bela” (“Misfortune” ) while in exile in Famagusta. Published posthumously, it was purported, however, to be rather a tenuous piece. “Kara Bela” was criticized in “Tenkidat-ı Edebiye – Namık Kemal - Kara Bela Münasebetiyle” (“A Literary Critique – On Merits of Namık Kemal’s ‘Misfortune’,” written in 1911 by Şahabettin Süleyman, among the illustrious portraits of the Fecr-i Âti (“Pending Twilight”) period. He portrays Namık Kemal as a crony of the commoners. Thereafter, he adjudges that its plotline fails to align with real life. Remarkably, he chooses the less formal reference of “Kemal,” who has prevailed in the literary realm long before his debut. Criticized in this article for his artistic stature, Namık Kemal will be assessed with the Author-Based Critical Approach. Evidently, this method places the artist at the core of the critique.

Some Observations On The Sentence Structures of The Kirghiz Proverbs

Mevlüt GÜLTEKİN — 2026-07-16

Kyrgyz Turks have got a rich treasure of folklore and proverbs, whose figures are given in some works over ten thousands, build an essential part of this treasure. We investigate in our article 97 kyrgyz proverbs, most of which were chosen of Bir Miñ Kırgız Eliniñ Makal-Lakaptarı (BM), published in Kyrgyz Republic and Kırgız Atasözleri (KA), published in Turkey, regarding their sentence structure. Some proverbs are dealt with according to their meaning and word order, too. We classify the kyrgyz proverbs according to their sentence structure: 1. simple, 2. compound: a. coordinated, b. proverbs presenting a subordinated sentence structure having infinitives, participials or gerundial forms of the verbs, c. conditional, d. proverbs presenting complex sentence structures with a direct sentence in it and 3. proverbs having a complex sentence structure. Simple sentences (1-10) are classified according to their meaning as: declarative sentences and imperative sentences. We study coordinated sentences (11-25) according to their word order as sentences which present regular turkic word order with predicates placed at the end of the sentence in question and sentences with

The Mentions Of Three Poems From Nazire Tradition To Intertextuality

İbrahim GÜLTEKİN — 2026-07-16

To separate Turkish Literature, owing to pedagogical concerns or other reasons, into the classification such as ‘’Divan literature’’, folk literature, lodge literature led to emerge partial views in the literature that was the social memory of the communal cultural world. It is absolute that, for a certain period, although literature was the product of some language, it was said that literature addresses different fragments in one nation and it was represented as unrelated with each other by classifying it as Turkish literature, folk literature and ‘’Divan literature’’. However, it was precisely and clearly put forward by the authorities that these approaches which bring about the mental split are neither scientific nor certain. This is where the concept of tradition, characteristics of the providing continuity of the cultural tradition, the tradition of classical Turkish literature the tradition of Nazires that has a very important place in this tradition. Especially, the analysis of poetry or literary text in the context of intertextual relation, is required to look at literature in general and to look at Turkish literature as a whole in particular. In fact, we see many scientific studies done showing this holistic perspective. In this study, it is aimed to contribute this kind of studies in the tradition of Turkish literature and aimed to highlight the importance of looking the accumulation of literature as a whole. In this respect, by means of the concepts of tradition, tradition of Nazires and intertextuality, one ghazal of Zati’s is compared with Baki’s nazires which is written against to this lyric and then it is evaluated the contribution of Yunus Emre’s poetry as a source of ghazals( lyric ) of Zati’s.

Ellipsis And Ellipsis Types In Turkish

Gürkan GÜMÜŞATAM — 2026-07-16

This article was prepared on the types of the ellipse and the ellipse in Turkish. The aim of this study languages in general, in particular the causes and forms of realization of the ellipse to show the Turkish. In this context, the ellipse term is discussed and are names primarily focused in the grammar. Then, the law of least effort, which caused introduced to ellipse. Examples of spoken and written language of the ellipse is considered the next section of the article. Types of words and suffix ellipse, the ellipse in syntax, parts of the review later in the article. Internet correspondence ellipses were also investigated. Understanding the ellipse ultimately shown to have no effect. Languages were introduced aimed at saving. Ellipse, grammar and linguistics sources were examined under different names. The study also pointed out other terms have been used by linguists. Begins to sound at the level of the law of least effort, moves up to the size of the text. Therefore, not only kind of ellipse. Many ellipse type. Word sound dips, appears in the form of suffixes to be told. The sentence ends with a word or a reduction. Ellipse, as the art of texts is a promise. The aim is short and effective expression. As a result,ellipse, saving of effort languages.

New Insights About The Etymology Of Yarlıg “Command, Order, Edict” And Yarlıka- “(God) To Command; To Vouchsafe”

Galip GÜNER — 2026-07-16

A wide variety of opinions have been presented about the etymology and meaning of Old Turkic yarlıg “command, order, edict” and yarlıka- “(God) to command; to vouchsafe”. These views are generally majored on four points. The first of these is that yarlıg comes from yar- “to split or cleave with a sharp instrument; (figuratively) to hand down”. This view was put forward by Doerfer then reinterpreted by Ata. According to the second view yarlıg is about an onomatopoeic etymon: yar “shout, notice”. Then it is asserted that the word take on the “God’s shout, call, command” meaning with +lıg. Third opinion belongs to Şinasi Tekin. He explains yarlıg with yar “saliva, mucus”. According to this view this word gained the meaning of “God’s will and mercy” by the time. And the latest opinion, belongs to Mustafa Öner, explains the origin of yarlıg with yarı “help”. These four different explanations shows us the disagreement about the etymology of yarlıg which has a

Examining Corpus Of 2. 3. and 4. Grades’ Turkish Language Texbooks In Terms Of Vocabulary Teaching

Tahir GÜR, İbrahim COŞKUN , Ferhat SAĞLAM — 2026-07-16

Corpus is a body of written or spoken language materials upon which a linguistic analysis is based. Due to the nature of language teaching textbooks used in language courses have literary and informational content. For both content, the student must have a adequate vocabulary, and comprehension strategies. Hence this study examined primary 2, 3 and 4. grades Turkish textbooks used in primary schools by looking by the lenses of systematic teaching of vocabulary and new words. The study has been designed in the form of case study research. Case studies require in-depth analysis of the current situation. The texts in Turkish language textbooks published by private publishers were converted into Microsoft Office Word files then pre analyzed with Textmaster program. The word list obtained from this analysis was put into Microsoft Office Excel for sorting out private names and numbers. Then it is analyzed again in Textmaster program with working of affixes and root words were founded and listed. Even if a arise in numbers of different words by grades, the numbers of those words decreases in total because of repeated words in two or more grades. The books examined in the study are insufficient in encountering students with new words, are also inadequate in quantity of root words. Some suggestions are given for developing vocabulary skills and teaching new words.

Experience Of The Absolute, Great Consciousness, Constructed Consciousness, And Art Consciousness In My Name Is Red

İmran GÜR — 2026-07-16

Abstract: “My Name is Red” is the most important novel of Orhan Pamuk in which he has used the humorous of his own art consciousness in postmodernism and postmodern narration. In the novel, the age is considered as an age of “constructed consciousness” founded by four postmodern thinkers and the question of “on what the constructed consciousness is founded” is examined within the entourage of the four thinkers of postmodernism and the own notions of postmodern narration. The novel emphasizes that the postmodern challenges on “experiencing the absolute” but that the truth is that the experienced absolute is “the absolute founded by the postmodern itself”. The novel introduces the reason of the constructed consciousness of the age with its own absolute experience. “My Name is Red”, in which the postmodern consciousness is discussed through its own thinkers and notions, considers fiction, which is the big discussion of the age we are living in, with a new art consciousness together with its parts in the surrounding s of the relationship between “constructed consciousness” fiction and absolute. The novel describes art, which is an experience of the absolute, in the status of witness consciousness during the process of experiencing the absolute. The novel also describes the subject in the status of “pure” experience in the consciousness of absolute and himself. It is emphasized in the novel that Postmodern is the mixture of East and West’s type of solving the dilemma of historical god and human. Two principle notions that are mixture and purity are placed at the focus of the solution of the dilemma of god human that is considered as the mail question of history. Whilst purity corresponds to the status in which the word-based universe

Biographical Accounts In Nabi’s Munsheat

Halil İbrahim HAKSEVER — 2026-07-16

An eminent representative of erudite poetry, Nabi is compiled several prosal and poetic works. Born in Edessa, he had been to Istanbul before living for a long time in Aleppo. He turned back to Istanbul and died there at the age of 70. He has been remembered for a famous and wise poet. Among his works, his Munsheaat, which includes monobiographical accounts about his life, is a significant book. His letters mostly written to his friends especially in Aleppo gives us brief accounts and clues about literary aspects of his personality. Analysis of these letter helps us to have knowledge about his relations with the bureaucracy elites around him and the civil servants on the one hand; his expectations, his appointments, difficult life conditions he lived in. In these letters, there are some remarks about the problems related to official institutions of his time, civil unrest in some regions. There are also mention of some of his appointments, official duties, psychological problems he suffered from, his endeavours to send his works to the officials and friends. In this article, using the published version of the Munsheat, we will try to quote and analyze some parts of these letters. We will also quote and discuss some passages giving us information about Nabi, his ideas and observations.

Tradition Of Yassawism In 16th Century Uzbek Literature (Examples Of Shaybani And Ubaydi)

Nadirhan HASAN (Nodirkhon Khasanov) — 2026-07-16

As is known, for centuries, the Turkish world Hodja Ahmad Yassawi important person leaves a mark on a deep spiritual life. The expansion of Islam in Central Asia, the establishment of the Turkish Sufi sect and thought leadership in initiating the tradition of Sufi Wisdom of Turkish poetry, culture, art and literature, which occupies a great figure in history. Although the intervening centuries past are still revered his blessed name, are visiting the tomb of its services are introduced, read the works. Current speed in the later periods as well as the death of the ideas and opinions of Hodja Ahmad Yassawi has been in great demand. In fact, many mystic writers Hodja Ahmad Yassawi life on the one hand, ideas, opinions, and written works on followers took, the second largest on the one hand the members of the Pir's wisdom sofas Yesevi by typing in "Divan-i Hikmat" to devise a name, add it to the works of various magazines. Thus, maintains the vitality of moral values left by the Pir-i Turkestan. Area while the Shah dynasty of Turkestan Shaybanid 16 unique tufa rock formations, and the poet repeatedly ruled Shaybanî Khan and rode Ubaydullah Khan. They are competitors, such as the Timurid sultan of culture, art, history, literature and music, giving value, assemblies held in the palace of poetry. This period, the most important aspect of the process of literary writing to encourage Shaybanî Turkish rulers, and especially Ahmad Yassawi was recreate the tradition of Wisdom. In this paper, Shaybanî Khan and Ahmad Yassawi Ubaydullah Khan some thoughts about the wisdom of supply we would like to be affected.

Visâlî Ali Çelebi And His Mevlid

Abdülmecit İSLAMOĞLU — 2026-07-16

Visali Ali Çelebi is one of the XVIth century poets. On the basis of the poet’s work, limited information of his life can be reached. Of this kind of information is that Visali’s name was Ali and hi lived in the time of Suleiman the Magnificent. Poet’s work entitled “Mevlid-i Fahr-i Kâ’inât Muhammedini’l-Mustafâ” is a work composed in the form of mawlid that dealt with the birth of the Prophet, his childhood until seven years of age and some miracles taking place in this period. The only known manuscript copy of Visali Mevlidi is recorded in Türk Dil Kurumu Kütüphanesi, manuscript A/99 numbered. Though the mawlid most of which was written in the masnawi form of verse, in order to avoid monotony and catch the attention of readers, the verses in the form of qasida/gazel were interspersed throughout text. In the work, intensely, Fâ‘ilâtün Fâ‘ilâtün Fâ‘ilün aruz prosody was used. In the parts written in verse, the language becomes more difficult. It can be said that in the parts written in the form of masnawi, a plainer lenguage is used. Nevertheless, Arabic-Persian words and phrases are also seen in the Masnawis. In the Mawlid, there also existed completely Arabic or Persian verses. Considering these features, poet’s style and his power in the field of poetry, it can be said that the work is not simple and fluent. The fat that Mawlid was suddenly finished in the childhood period of the Prophet gives the impression that the works was left half finished. However, when the work is compared with other texts written in the form of mawlid, with 1715 verses, it can be categorized among the voluminous works. In this article, after giving some information about the form and contents of Visali Ali Çelebi’s Mawlid, the transliterated text of the only copy of work we could find so far has been presented.

A Work Presented To I. Ahmed About The Nûr-i Muhammedî: Nûr-Nâme

Mücahit KAÇAR, Turan AÇIK — 2026-07-16

The term of Nûr-ı Muhammedî, sometimes is expressed in Nûr-ı Muhammediyye, used to refer to the Prophet Muhammad's spiritual personality. These two terms refer to the Prophet Muhammad is first and foremost, the universe was created from it, and hence the Prophet Mohammed is source of virtues. The idea of Nûr-ı Muhammedî is found in the basic İslamic books read by the wider public in Ottoman Empire. Nûr-nâme which are subject to this study, was written by Cafer Iyânî, one of the authors of 16th century. In Nûr-nâme, there is information about the idea of Nûr-ı Muhammedîas well asthe virtues ofthe Prophet Muhammad and the workis noteworthy in this respect. In this study, After giving brief information about the idea ofNûr-ı Muhammedî, the author and Nûr-nâme will be informed. Finally, the contribution of this work to attempts understanding the otoman empire will be assessed and then the the text of the Nûr-nâme will be presented.

“For One Hour” Story Of Emirhan Yeniki And The Effects Of War In Tatar Literature

ALSU KAMALİEVA — 2026-07-16

War offers a variety of themes for artists with the tragedies it embodies. The war theme is one of the most challenging themes of literary works. Wars that have been experienced throughout the history of humanity have been worked in various literary genres in world literatures. “War” has been widely discussed in Tatar Literature as well. This is strongly related to the fact that Tatar society deeply experienced the sufferings of World War II. As it is known, the Tatar people had lived closely with Soviet people and struggled against the Nazi Germany in the Second World War by taking sides with Soviet Union. Many Tatar writers and artists had been in the war in person and experienced the process. EmirhanYeniki, whose name has exceeded the borders of his country, is one of those Tatar artists who experienced the war and reflected it successfully. “Bir Saatliğine” (For One Hour) is a significant story by EmirhanYeniki which established a place for itself in Tatar Literature among the works of war period. In the story, Yeniki tells us about the Tatar society during the World War II and the meeting of a mother with his youngest son of her three children for one hour by enriching the story with psychological analyses. In the “For One Hour” story, we can find about Tatar village life with all its details within the technical possibilities of story genre. In addition, the significance of “train”, the means of transportation where the story was set around, among Tatar society is clearly emphasized in the story.

Colours In Dıvan Of Esrâr Dede

Mahmut KAPLAN — 2026-07-16

Esrâr Dede is one of significant figures of our classical poetry. After becoming affiliated with Mevleviyeh, he embarked upon poetry, bringing forth remarkable works. He made friends with Şeyh Galib. The poet has a collection of biographies and dictionary as well as a

Runaway Women And Women Taking Refuge In Home In The Modernization Period Turkish Novel

Şahika KARACA — 2026-07-16

The period of modernisation is an important element in terms of following the domestic and social change, transformation in Turkish novel. In the period of ınnovation that gained speed with the declaration of Tanzimat, Feminine problems which were seen as the subjects of social tranformation are thematized in literary work by authors. Consequently the ongoing problems restricting women to domestic sphere in relation to harem-privy were reflected on the Turkish novels produced in the period of modernization. In Modernization Period Turkish novel, women either take refuge in the place traditionally seem to be fit or leave the place, namely domestic place, to take what is rightfully theirs. In novels, in situations like polygamy, deceive,

Onat Kutlar’s Story Telling In The Context Of The Ishak And Analysis Of “Çatı”

Mustafa KARADENİZ — 2026-07-16

The storytellers called “1950 Generation” with their attitude of form and content prepared a basement of the transformation of modernist Turkish storytelling. This storytellers; synthesising accumulation of initiator reformist such as Sait Faik, Vüs’at O. Bener and Nezihe Meriç, with inspiring effect of movement of West based thinking and art such as existentialism and surrealism; carrying the person’s, inner life, loneliness, depression, contactless to fiction plane with modernist techniques. Onat Kutlar is seen as one of the important writers of this generation with his story book Ishak writing at the age of 23. Kutlar winning 1960 Turkish Language Institution Story Prize with his only story book consisting nine stories, in Ishak parallel to his literary thinking used themes and techniques in a specific behaviour. People’ struggling; trying to have a new life or escaping from the monotoneous life around them forming thematic context of stories in Ishak. İn parallel with this, in stories, characters are encountered trying to find a way to escape from strict family and home life. Fantastic / sürrealist / kafkaesque items attract attention as basic themes in story plane. In a general view it can bee said that stories in Ishak have a completing form with their language fiction, atmosphere and content features. An analysis trial of the fourth story of the book the “Çatı” forms the theme of this study. In thinking of contributing of analysis at the beginning of the study internal and external Dynamics preparing 1950 Generation storytelling are pointed and then in mediation of Ishak it is tried to make a general determination of Kutlar’s storytelling.

The Turkic Animals Names In Codex Cumanicus

Akartürk KARAHAN — 2026-07-16

Codex Cumanicus is the first known Turkish monument written in Latin alphabet. It is thought that Codex Cumanicus was used for missionary and trading at the end of the XIII. century and the beginning of the XIV. century, in north of the Black Sea domains of Kipchak, Christian priests and Venetian merchants. In this book, except for the Persian, Latin, Kuman word lists, proverbs, riddles, hymns of Kipchaks are also provided. Although a work written for certain purposes, the Codex Cumanicus has a quite varied and rich vocabulary. The book draws attention to vocabulary specifically to all areas of daily life for example, precious metals, minerals, plants, animals, human and animal body, limbs, disease names, numbers names, color names, clothing, household goods, war materials, trading goods, religious terms, calendar (day, month, week names), law, measure , object names, food names and etc. The presence of these elements in the Codex Cumanicus, may give clues on many issues, such as Kuman-Kipchak language, lifestyles, cultures, geographies. For this purpose, in this article Turkic vocabulary of animals names in the Codex Cumanicus are discussed; and compared the field of historical and modern Turkic language. At the end of this study, most of the animal names of Codex Cumanicus were present the first texts in Turkic. Hapax legomenon animal names which aren’t encounterd in other periods of the Turkic languages have also been identified encountered. The Persian, Mongolian, Arabic, Greek, Russian quote animal names that are seen in this book is also remarkable. Some of the names of animals, however, only the Kipchak areas of historical and modern areas have been identified. This is observed only in the field names in Kipchak, the presence of these specific words Kipchak is evaluated. When the animal names are classified in Codex Cumanicus, it seems that the names of wild animals and birds form the majority.

Relation Between “The Motif Of The Captive Breaking Free”And “The Sons Of Lord” In The Dede Korkut Narratives

Rezan KARAKAŞ — 2026-07-16

The motif of the captive breaking free is one the striking motifs in the Dede Korkut narratives. This motif is the one which nourishes and gives momentum to the theme of struggle in those narratives. In this paper, the relation between the motif of the captive breaking free and the sons of the lord has been analyzed. The motif of the captive breaking free in the the Dede Korkut narratives generally overlaps with the motif of the alp-type hero existing in the traditional Turkish epics. In other words, the captivities in those epics are not perceived as acceptable. They rather pave the way for the concept of alpism (alplik). The most important features of the son of the lord in the the Dede Korkut narratives are being an extraordinary i

Turkish Language Classes at Universities and Negative Attitude on Turkish Language

Mustafa KARATAŞ — 2026-07-16

Everyone has linguistic competence as soon as the birth and with this competence he gets his mother tongue. Since he perceives the world, he goes ahead learning his native language first from his mother and the environs. The learning process goes on both at school and life long other than school. In Turkish education system, Turkish language education as a native language starts at primary education and continues until university process. Turkish language is taught in the name of compulsory ‘Turkish Language’ at all departments except Turkish Language and Literature Departments. The importance and the necessity of the lesson have always been contentious question. Latterly, the elimination of the lesson has been planned. There are considerable problems in Turkish language lessons taught in the universities. There are many problems in this lesson such as the name of the lesson, employee rights of lecturers, the inadequacy of physical capacity, bureaucratic annoyence, curriculum, education materials and the problems on account of the students. However, the main problem of this lesson is the students’ ‘lack of conciousness of their native language’. Deprived of this conciousness, Turkish youth has a ‘negative attitude’ on their mother tongue, Turkish language. In this study, with the aim of evaluating the university students’ attitudes, students’ attitudes are ascertained. The survey was applied to the first class students and the information except the accuracy found acceptance in Turkish science is assessed as ‘negative attitude’. Throught the ‘Native Language Attitude Scale’ how Turkish language education should be is specified.

Assesment In Terms Of Literary Styles Of The Cem Sultan’s Cemşid u Hurşid Mathnawi

Sedat KARDAŞ — 2026-07-16

Mathnawi is one of the Divan Poetry’s form. In the Classical Literature, mathnawi form was prefered instead of modern novel and story in literary texts. It was resorted to mathnawi form when especially long winded subjects or stories was wanted to be recounted poetically. Mathnavies appears as detached works in eastern litraries. Among these works, being about love mathnavies are most popular. One of them is Cemşid ü Hurşid Mathnawi that Cem Sultan who was one of Ottoman princes wrote by inspiring from Persian original text. Former work is substantial in terms of literary styles. lirerary styles as Duaname, Münacaat, Nasihatname, Şefaatname, Medhiye, Fahriye, Hasbihal, Münazara, İtizariye, Tazallüm, Mektup, Şükürname, Firakname which determined referenced in the work, played an important role in the creation of internal and external structure of the text. In this study, the information which obtained from Cemşid ü Hurşid mathnawi by scanning carefully in terms of literary styles from first sentence until the last sentence, was evaluated. Each style which partaking in the work, discussed whit a holistic approach in this study. However, literary styles which partaking in the work as is a separate research topic, they should be interpreted under a separate heading. In our study, tried to identify all the literary styles, by evaluating examples of literary style which create separate sections, was exemplified with the shape of simplified couplet-based texts examplaried for these in mathnawi. Besides, tried to reveal the functions of literary styles about creating texts by making evaluations on literary genre, literary styles and narrative techniques which partaking in the work.

Investigating the Undergraduate Turkish Teaching Curriculum within the Context of the Recent Educational Policy Changes (4+4+4) and Some Suggestions

Saadettin KEKLİK — 2026-07-16

Education is one of the most important dynamics playing roles in determining future of the modern societies. Teacher education and specifically the training of Turkish teachers is on top of the current educational debate list. The reason behind this is based on the four main skill domains of Turkish language: listening, reading, speaking and writing, which are inevitably necessary for an i

Ones At The Threshold (Two Children Types at The End of Both Sides Of Westernization: Ömer And Şermin)

Bedia KOÇAKOĞLU — 2026-07-16

Westernization,which is an aproach which aims to reach to social and scientific of perception of the Western Europe, has arised in Opttoman Emipre and took quite different dimensions in Republican Turkey. This idea firstly appeared as moderate in Ottoman times, in addition to this sometimes appeared in different dimensions which critize our radical-traditional cultural elements and become opposed to them. In this context, firstly problems in the social and political order has been tried to overcome, and then small-scale reform movements, works of out of government groups suggesting that connection of reforms with modernity project is essential, finally transformation of empire to nation-state has complated by disperse of the empire. Tanzimat period was quite tricky for Ottoman Empire which has experienced these phases. “West” which was managed to be handled especially in social life, art and literature contexts, colud find a way for itself. Westernization had started to be experienced more radical and French literature was taken as sample for art and literature in Servet-i Fünun (Fortune of Sciences) period ,which was following Tanzimat period. In this respect, the Tanzimat is more Eastern when compared with Servet-i Fünun, than there are two intellectual types remained in this period: first ones are confused intellectuals of the second period of Tanzimat and seconds are the ones who were trying to be as a Westerner. These two types of intellectuals tried to live and keep alive their own perception of “West”; dreamed next generation in this direction. In that case, looking at perception of Muallim Naci, one of the artists of second period of Tanzimat, who appears more Westerner and perception of westerner Tevfik Fikret about children, may be more significant to figure out how they drew a future from two different fronts. In our study a comparison of these two point of views will be practiced and basises of this comparison are two works: Ömer’in Çocukluğu (Omar’s Chilhood) of Muallim Naci and Şermin of Tevfik Fikret. With this method, chilhood of Muallim Naci which might be caused him to be mixed up in an affair and childhood of Fikret which might give birth to Haluk can be observed.

Balzac-Tanpinar: Comparing Two Imaginary Interview

Abdurrahman KOLCU — 2026-07-16

Honoré de Balzac who is one of the most important novelists of French Literature wrote also Traité de la Vie Élégante that is one of the most important three manifests of French dandyism. He strives to define the rules and the frame of elegant living in it, and for that purpose, builds an imaginary conversation with George Bryan Brummell who is identified with dandy and dandyism. In that corversation, Brummell is presented as an expert on customs and elegant living, and his notions are postulated. On the other hand, Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar who is one of the most important personalities of Turkish literature in the 20th century, builds a similar conversation with Ahmet Cemil who is a protagonist of Halit Ziya Uşaklıgil’s novel named Mai ve Siyah, one hundred years later. The conversation titled “Ahmet Cemille Mülakat” was published in Anayurt, in number 8 and 9, at the last month of 1933. He examines sarcastically poetry and fiction of the literature of Servet-i Fünun and life styles of that period through elderly Ahmet Cemil then. The reviews about changing literary perception and life style when the conversation is occured, strewed to it. There are also some details that can be examined in the concept of dandysim and Brummell’s life in the Tanpınar’s conversation. They increase the mutual aspects between the two conversations, and, in this context, call to mind Balzac’s influence on Tanpınar, for Balzac’s conversation was previously published.

An Essay Of Bibliography About Nef’i

Halil Sercan KOŞİK — 2026-07-16

Nef’i who lived in the first half of 17th century was born in Hasankale one of districts of Erzurum. The poet whose real name was Ömer had a life full of struggles but he managed to produce some important works through his life. Nef’i, one of the leading poets of

“Mythic Space” And “Mythic Time” Perception In The Tradition of Ashik Style Poetry

Serkan KÖSE — 2026-07-16

Myths are the oldest products of the oral culture in societies. Myths are reflections of how societies perceive the world. At the same time, myths regulate the social life of “primitive” societies. Shortly, myths can be seen as the constitution of a society in its oral cultural period. Values produced by the mythic consciousness have become a symbol in the process of transfer. These symbols can be seen partly in all the products of folklore as well as in such genres as epic, folktale, legend, folk story. Mythology have been passed down to present day by means of specialized memory production and carrier types. These types that have been named as “ozan-baksı-kam” in the Turkish cultural geography have come to be named as “Ashik” over time. Ashiks, by means of their instruments, perform their works in a certain environment, which is important to “recollection” of information. They observe the society they live in and deal with the common values of the society, which bear the traces of the society’s mental history. The origin of mythical thinking is within the limits of mental consciousness. In this context, the works of ashiks turn out to be one of the most beautiful examples that reflect the perception and designs that the mythical consciousness possess. Ashiks base their works on the common values of a given society. Therefore, it is possible to observe the basic codes produced by the mythical conscience in their works together with the exchange and transformation that they have undergone. In this context, this article aims to analyze and determine the values regarding "mythic space" and "mythic time" dealt in the poetry of ashiks living in Anatolia since the Tanzimat (1876). In this study have been choose poems of fifty Ashik. The datas have been obtained from the books, master and doctorate thesis published on their poems.

The Poems Of Names Of The Tulip And A Review On İstanbullu Hâtif’s Names Of The Tulip Poems

Sevda ÖNAL — 2026-07-16

Tulip as a flower originated in Asia is a cultivated plant which has taken place in Asian, Anatolian and European cultures being from a religious symbolism to special conceptualization, from daily life to elite palace culture. This wild flower of Asia has acquired to be a cultivated plant in Anatolia. The history of the fondness for Tulip called Tulipomania in western culture and Anatolia begins in the sixteenth century. Following this period, particularly in Istanbul, growing a new type of tulip made its addicted people and poets excited to name it, and the person who gave the most beautiful name as well as raising it was awarded. The best examples of this tradition which can be considered the herald of the reflection of social life to the literature are Esâmî-i Lâle poems. The poetry firstly written on Tulip types in the seventeenth century has become the herald of the different and new type of poetry in classical literature tradition. In the poems of Esâmî-i Lâle meant tulip names, in each line, one or more tulip name is evaluated by means of several meanings. The tulip names mostly with a double entendre (tevriye) use have a symbolic association in addition to the real meaning. Further, the words and constitutions (terkip) including the concepts of flower culture and Istanbul tulip in each line have been used together. In this study, the first two lines (matla) about Esâmî-i Lâle taking place in Hâtif Divani have been comprehensively examined in a formal way.

Archaic Elements Of Folk Medicine In Kars

Kürşat ÖNCÜL — 2026-07-16

At present time Folk medicine has double structures which they have brought about pozitive (alternative medicine) and negative (superstition practice) approachs. But it’s not possible to make realistic assessment starting basic data such as; education, age group, living centre and to reach a real information which has been presented by socialogical datas in this approachs. Although it has been accepted more distant approach style against such treatment methods in urban life , television programs and boks about this topic ha are accepted in urban forest relevent subject television programs and boks have provided to increase interest against such treatments both in urban life and rural environment in recent years. İt’s i

Medina In Nabi’s Divan

Nurgül ÖZCAN — 2026-07-16

In Classic Turkish Literature every part of the life of Prophet Muhammad has been analyzed in detail and everything related to Him has attracted the attention of

The Importance Of Teaching Materials In Turkish Language Teaching And The Required Qualifications Of These Materials

Cihan ÖZDEMİR — 2026-07-16

It won’t be an exaggeration to think that teaching materials are very prominent means in teaching Turkish to foreigners. In fact, the course materials serve as a basis for the language data which the students need to learn and also the language studies which must be applied in the classroom. When we look at the matter from the foreign students’ perspectives who study Turkish language abroad, beside teachers, the teaching/learning materials are very important source for their language study. We can see these materials in various forms: Textbooks, workbooks, reading books, homework papers, audio-visual or computer-based materials and so on. In addition, the resources which are not designed for use of Turkish language teaching, such as magazines, newspapers and TV programs, can also play a key role in the curriculum. According to some researchers, the course materials designed for commercial purposes reduce the teaching ability of language teachers and make them not to respond to the needs of their students. . In addition, the materials which contain an artificial language may be misleading the students. On the other hand, according to some linguists, the course materials can play a positive role in language teaching. For example, they can be useful in the professional development of teachers and encourage students to develop autonomous learning strategies. These discussions and the increase of course materials show that the problem is not whether the teachers should use of language teaching materials prepared for commercial purposes or not. The real problem is what structure or qualities these materials should have. In this article, we will attempt to study the role of teaching materials in teaching Turkish to foreigners. The article consists of two parts: We will look at approaches to using of teaching materials, and examine two opposite points of view in the first part. The required qualifications of the course materials which are used in teaching Turkish and are improved the learning environment in the classroom will be discussed in the second part.

Is The Letter of /ı/ Archiphoneme In Turkish?

Fatih ÖZEK — 2026-07-16

We can mention two letters of /ı/ in world languages. One of them is /ı/ (ы) vowel called "yeri" in Russian language and the other is /ı/ vowel that is designated with [ï] in alphabet of international transcription and that almost belongs to the Turkish language. The /ı/ vowel of the Turkish language is a velarized, narrow, flat velum vowel in terms of its characteristic features. It has normal duration. /a/, /i/ and /u/ vowels are generally deemed as cardinal vowels of the Turkish language. According to this common view, eight vowels in the Turkish language derived from these vowels. However, A.N. Baskakov thinks that /ı/ is an archiphoneme and [i,u,ü] vowels are variants of the /ı/ phoneme. This different view has had an influence on issuance of this paper. It is possible to define the archiphoneme as main voice containing characteristics of more than one voice or first known voices of a language. The archiphonemes are strong voices. They usually retain their existences. However, such characteristics are not seen in /ı/ phoneme. Following determinations can be considered as evidences hereof: 6. qlıç (~ qılıç) [cliç, cliz/kiliç] writings in Codex Cumanicus, 7. Front palatalization of the /ı/ vowel in the first syllable (Uigur biş- ~ bış- ‘mature, age out ’; Khorezm biş-; Kipchak biş- ~ piş-; Chagatai piş-; ETT piş-; Bashkir, Tatar, Turkmen, Azerbaijani biş-; Kazakh pis-; Uzbek, New Uigur, Gagauz, Trk. piş- < ET bış-; Uigurtil ~ tıl ‘dil’; Krh. dil ~ til; Khorezmtil; Kipchaktil; Chagatai til; ETT dil; Tatar, Bashkir tĕl; Kazakh, Qaraqalpaqstan., Nogay, Kumuk, Kirghiz, Uzbek, New Uigur til; Az., Turkmen, Gagauz, Trk. Dil< ET tıl etc...) 8. Reduction of the first syllable /ı/ vowel and changing to short ı’ (ĭ) (Khakas hĭs, Tatar, Bashkir, Uzbek kĭş, Kazakh, Qaraqalpaqstan, Nogay ḳĭs

Poetry in Rhymed Couplets of Tokatlı İshâk Efendi Nazmu'l-Ulûm

Bayram ÖZFIRAT — 2026-07-16

As manuscript works, which constitute some indispensable treasure with respect to history of our literature, come back into light, our knowledge on religious literary genres, as well as other, no doubt increases. Such works added to literature thanks to efforts by researchers give us the opportunity of close acquaintance with religious works that are considered as the most significant and the most prolific products of Divan Poetry, and of more accurate interpretations regarding the genre of such works. Apart from works such as aqâid, fiqh and catechism (ilm-i hal) in verse, siyer (life of Muhammad) in verse, exegeses (tafsir) and hadithes in verse that are generally written in poetic structure for these disciplines, there are also some poetic pieces about a su

As To A Background The Positivism In The Servet-i Fünun

Mehmet ÖZGER — 2026-07-16

The Tanzimat in the Turkish literature is a breaking point period and also can be said this emerging era is a "breaking literature". Some innovations began during this period, and so in the period of the Servet-i Fünun artists’ reaches maturity level. Innovation, not just new species into Turkish literature or looking at the issue is to underestimate the change of existing species.With Innovation, the point of view of Ottoman intellectuals and artists change regarding existence. From the time of when we met new types and concepts. Existing perception of metaphysical leaves its place to mind and senses. But the mind and senses are the basic elements of positivism. The positivist understanding has been substituted its art theory and practical works of art without metaphysics. The Servet-i Fünun literature, mainly are evaluated around themes of to escape from reality and take shelter in dream. This is, apparently, place their position in a somewhere except positivism. However, in this period the basic structure of the poetry will be seeing that are shaped by the mind and senses. This is, suggests that the Servet-i Fünun poetry point of occurrence is positivism. The Servet-i Fünun artists had a positivist approach in the field of novel, fiction as a chess game, and they seen as an experiment the basic structure of giving direction to people. I

Instruction Of Words In 8th Grade Turkish Course Books Which Are Targeted To Get Acquired To Students And Their Relation To Internal Lexicon (The Case Of Mersin)

Erdost ÖZKAN — 2026-07-16

In this study, the target words formed by the themes of 8th grade Turkish course boks and their acquisition into the internal lexicon of the students were focused on. The research was carried out in Mersin, Silifke with three different settlements in the district, county-town-village. The study was realized with the participation of one hundred students who were treated with an application file of one hundred ninety-three words. The raw data obtained at the end of research was analyzed with data analysis package, SPSS 16. The target words were focused on in accordance with the residential units and the relation between the gender and other themes. Considering the compliance with the already determined criteria, obtained frequencies and percentages were displayed with the use of charts and graphs. Additionally, in order to identify and signify the difference between the gender of participants and the averages of the words stored in their internal dictionaries, t-test was used. For the display of the difference between the students’ types of settlements and the average of the target words, one-way analysis of variance (One Way ANOVA); and to determine the group and groups that this difference was in favor of, the post hoc data analysis techniques were used. The findings of this study can be summarized as follows: In terms of teaching the target words contained in readings of Turkish course boks and aimed to be included in the participants’ internal dictionaries, with the significant difference of p<0.5 female participants (43) were noted to score over the male ones (57) with seventeen words (except for the word ‘slave’) out of one hundred ninety-three given in the application file. Significant differences were obtained between the acquisition of the words and types of campuses (county-town-village) of the participants (100). Additionally, it was found that there was no relevance between the themes and acquisition degree of one hundred target words collected from the all six themes. It was also seen that themes were determined without taking the principles of relativity and from easy-to difficult aspect into consideration.

First Section of Temel by Hüseyin Hüsameddin of Amasya

Erol ÖZTÜRK — 2026-07-16

Hussain Hüsameddin of Amasya is a writer carried out significant works on history and language. He wrote poems, made translations from Arabic and Persian. He came to Istanbul After the Constitution II and he was a translator of Arabic and Persian at Directorate of Foundations. He were also found official positions in provinces such as Niksar, Köprü, Osmancık, Refahiye. He was a member of the Turkish Language Association and Turkish Historical Society and he is known for his book, Temel, comprised of 12 volumes. He completed the first part of Temel in 1926 and published it in İstanbul at The Arsak publishing house. The author reflected the Turkish language from a different and new approach. He tried to explain the origins of Turkish words according to the rules of the Arabic language. He gave many examples of Turkish word roots and new roots. The Turkish language is considered the mother of world languages in Temel. It provided interesting information about the history of the Turkish language. This information is similar to The Sun Language Theory’s ideas put forward in the period of Atatürk. Maybe Temel was written by Hussein Hüsameddin and his other works supported Atatürk's efforts to modernize and simplify the Turkish language. The Temel explain such as vowel, sounds, voices groups, letters, letters meanings, etc. The last section contains an application from “ak” word. This book contains ideas outside of the well known in Turkish history and grammar. In addition, new grammar terms are used in this piece. In this study, the first chapter of the Temel written by Hussain Husameddin of Amasya was studied. This chapter includes the author's ideas and reviews.

The Satires of The Sultans in The Classical Turkish Literature

Murat ÖZTÜRK — 2026-07-16

There was a mutual relationship based on patronage and compliment between the poets and governors in the Classical Turkish Literature. The poets have paid compliments to the state governors especially to the sultans who protect them and appreciate their arts and made positive propaganda of the sultans. However, unlike this general situation some poets sometimes criticized the governors for some reasons. These criticisms were sometimes made directly and in some cases indirectly. The criticism of the poets and writers toward the sultans are more discreet and mild compared to criticism to the other statesmen. In this article position of the poets' criticisms towards the sultans in the overall look the Classical Turkish Literature was examined. The study was focused on the reasons and meaning of the poets' criticisms towards the sultans by way of satiric poems. In this context all of these criticisms were analyzed in terms of their partial relationship with the Ottoman historical sources. The direct or indirect satire of the poets is not only related to the personality of praised people, but also is a kind of reaction reflecting general opinion of the community. In these poems i

Âgehî’s Şütür Kasidah

Mehmet PEKTAŞ, Mehmet ÜNAL — 2026-07-16

Âgehî was born in the town called Yenice, Vardar in today’s Bulgaria. His name was Mansur. He attended the local madrasah and gradually rose to the seat of chief lecturer and served as a judge for a while. He also worked in the royal naval force with Kaptan Piyale Paşa and reflected his naval experience to a poem in which he used words related to the marine life. This eulogy or kasidah is quite original because it very well reflects the richness of marine corps’ jargon. Known also as the “Keşti Kasidah” it earned fame to Âgehî and led to a minor poetry movement. And some paralell poems called nazire and tahmis were written afterwards. The poetry of poets who weren’t able to collect their work in a Divan reached today through the hand written poetry notebooks called mecmua collected poetry book. These collections did a unique job in the sense that many poems survived through these kind of notebooks. Âgehî, too, is one of the poets whose poems are known through the mecmuas. He is known to have written not so many poems but has a reputation in the Divan poetry. This article tells about another Kasidah by Âgehî titled as “Şütür Kasidah”, which seems to be as original as the Keşti Kasidah. This poem is rather different from the conventional kasidah or eulogium since it gathers about one word and conceptualize it as a symbol in sufi tradition. It was transcribed, paraphrased and interpreted so as to identify the meanings of the word şütür

A Collective View To The Evaluation Of The Critisised Aspects On Classical Literature

Salim PİLAV — 2026-07-16

From the past to nowadays a lot of discussions have been made on classical Ottoman Poetry which has an important place in Turkish literature. With the beginning of the development of Turkish literature period in the effect of western literature the classical Ottoman Poetry, especially for its language, has been criticized a lot. Besides the language, the topics and aesthetic taste being criticized the attention has been directed to this poetry. It can be stated that the classical Ottoman Poetry is an idealist literature being consistent with its era, the unity in itself and especially its reflection of the society. In this paper the arguments on the classical Ottoman Poetry have been taken into consideration and the arguments were tried to be disproved by identifying certain defendant points. In this sense, Classical Ottoman poetry in literature gains its source from the basic sources of the Islam civilization, adaptive to its era, it reflects the complete of the society which it has been born, its continuing in permanence; without the conflict of old and new, based on Islamic mystisism and has the feature of abstractism which is one of the important features of real art. Works of Classical Ottoman poetry have tried to reflect the past, sensitivity, imagination, expectations and desires of the Turkish nation with a supreme art intellect and from behind the prism of esthete. It would be right not to accept the Classical Ottoman poetry with todays perception and criterias but – as in all the social sciences- to evaluate and accept it in its own historical period, social and cultural terms, within its own art perception and see it as a cultural existance of a thousand year civilization. In this paper, the critisism on Classical Ottoman poetry and the answers to these critics were identified under certain headings and once more again the original structure and value of Classical Ottoman poetry has been taken in to consideration.

On Poetic Of Behçet Necatigil

Gökhan REYHANOĞULLARI — 2026-07-16

Poetic is known to use for the first time in history by Aristotle. In subsequent studies, all over the world’s literatures have adopted it as a resource. Although initially it has been used as general terms for the art, in modern times it has been accepted including views on the art of poetry. In Turkish literature, despite detachedly a small number of poetics being systematically, there are numerous views spoken on the poetry and art of poetry. Although this is a unproductive situation in terms of our Classical literature, the poetic opinions is quite high in renewal period. Especially, this situation raises the highest level in the Republican period. While poets’ express their own poetry comprehension, they carry the purpose of responding to criticism against them too much. However it is not right to accept all the poetics in this nature. While still alive, also Behçet Nacatigil is among people who have published own poetic. Basically, Necatigil’s poetic is not response to any attitude or criticism. When Necatigil expresses his comprehension of poetry, he doesn’t strike completely an opposite behavior to his own previous attitudes. His aim is reflect the world, the age which he lives and the society in his poems by passing his viewpoint. He takes everything of humans, the home, the family, the environment and everything as witness. He cares about the people who create poem so poets. He wants to that his poems be stable in terms of shape. He accepts the language as the most important element of poetry. He believes that reflecting the age of living and community is the basic aim of poem. In the face of all these issues, he emphasizes that the reader of poetry should make an effort to understand poem. Thus, all aspect of poetry is perceived as necessary. For this reason, Necatigil’s Poetic carries remarkable ideas and suggestions in the near period of our poetry.

Historical And Geographical Dimentions Of Some Words In Şanlıurfa Dialect

Mustafa SARICA, Ali SÖZER — 2026-07-16

It is known that language is in a constant change. Two important factors influential on language change are time and space (geography). While time-related changes in language are subject of historical linguistics , language changes happening in relation to geography are examined by dialect researches. Actually, dialect researches focus on changes caused by the geography-related reasons in different fields of language like phonlogy, morphology and vocabulary. Words, affixes or articulation features used by i

On The “Epilogue” Of Talim-i Edebiyat

Hakan SAZYEK — 2026-07-16

Recaizade Ekrem’s book called Talim-i Edebiyat is an important theoretical study which has given direction to Turkish literature in the last quarter of the 19th century. The book, which is composed of the notes of the courses R. Ekrem gave in Mekteb-i Mülkiye, following its publication in 1882, had an impact on modern literature follower litterateurs on one hand, received the reaction of the conservative supporters of literature on the other, and in this context, led to controversy. Talim-i Edebiyat has been written with an approach that blends modern literary theory with traditional eloquence. The first two parts of the work, which consists of four sections, contain innovative information while the other two parts covers techniques of speech and meaning inherited from Classical Turkish literature. There is also an “epilogue” at the end of the work. In this section, which can be seen as an afterword, R. Ekrem emphasizes that his work is far from Arab rhetoric and that he has done a theoretical study specific to our own language based on texts written in resources of Turkish. R. Ekrem has revealed his views he has collected in seven subjects in the “epilogue”. These reflect an attitude that tries to forefront and protects Turkish against Arabic and Persian languages. R. Ekrem also uses the word “national literature” here. This draws the date of frst use of this word, which is known to be used in 1897 at the earliest in our literature history so far, fifteen years back. In addition, there is a great fit between the quality of the questions in a questionnaire organized by members of Yeni Lisan and the questions in the “epilogue”. Although it is an important document in terms of opinions it contains, “epilogue” has hardly been mentioned in academic studies. In this article, significance of the “epilogue” in Talim-i Edebiyat in the history of our literature is tried to be emphasized, and additionally its Latin script text is presented.

Functional-Semantic Field In Kyrgyz Within The Framework Of Functional Grammar

Bilge Kağan SELÇUK — 2026-07-16

In functional grammar, all the linguistic units of language that is defined as communication medium, and the relation between those units are analyzed and described by their function. In functional analysis, it is essential to be flexible and comprehensive by considering each language’s uniqueness rather than starting analysis with general description rules. It is observed that ongoing discussions on the definitions and examples regarding causativeness are sourced by predefined constraining description rules. General rules regarding causativeness for a particular language may cause conflicts in defining causative structures in another language. Therefore, in analysis of a text which is reflecting characteristics of a language, it is considered more relevant to make factual evaluations in line with the characteristics of each text rather than referring predefined rules. In linguistic analysis based on morphologic approach, it is observed that characteristic aspects of causative structures are evaluated as the rules determining scope and borders of causativeness. Constraining aspects regarding causativeness cause presence of examples which do not exactly coincide with predefined causativeness criteria along with challenges in analysis in the Kyrgyz language or in analysis between relative languages such as Kyrgyz and Turkish. It is observed that the structures explaining causativeness are built by morphologic, lexicological and analytic methods. Not only such kind of morphological examples but also lexical and analytical ones can be in seen in the Kyrgyz language. In this study, the objective is to construct a functional semantic field as an abstract imagination in line with “meaning to form” approach in linguistic for causativeness concepts in Kyrgyz.

An Old Turkey Turkish Circuit's Prose: Risâle-i Miraciyye

Ayşe Nur SIR — 2026-07-16

Turkish language, which developed from a single section till XI. century, emerged in different dialects in separate regions according to geographic and cultural changes since this century. These dialects constituted various written languages on and after XIII. century. As a result of Oghuz’s migrations which began in XI. century to Khorasan and Anatolia, the conquest of Anatolia, settlement and the political supremacy to this place provided to establish a written language developing according to Oghuz subdialect characteristics on and after XIII. century. In scientific community, the written language which developed on the basis of Oghuz Turkish between XIII and XV centuries in Anatolia is called Old Turkey Turkish. The work includes original religious motifs, mythological elements and rich vocabulary. It reflects the typical phonological and morphological characteristics of Turkey Turkish historically. It brings some problems in the rigid spelling tradition of the old writing system to the present. It is one of the works which must be focused on both in terms of its content and language. In this study, information about the present copy is given first, the miracle of mirac, rising in the sky is explained generally, the linguistic features of the text is analyzed later, the text is transcribed, grammar glossary of the text is prepared and its exact copy is given.

Guvâhî's Tazarru'-nâme and Language Features

Sezer ÖZYAŞAMIŞ ŞAKAR — 2026-07-16

After adopting the Islamic religon, one of the subjects in Turkish literature has been praying to God. Writings which are related to praying to God are called “munacat”, “tazarru” or “tazarru-nâme”. Tazarru-nâme’s were written in either verse or prose. The most important Tazarru-nâme in Turkish literature was written by Sinan Paşa in the second half of the 15 th century; it’s style is a mixture of both verse and prose. The only other one known Tazarru’-nâme is Guvâhî’s Tazarru-nâme. Guvâhî’s Tazarru-nâme is a literary work composed of 555 verses, which is registered in Çorum Hasan Paşa İl Halk Kütüphanesi with number 19 Hk 2141. The only known copy of this literary work was written in the beginning of the 16 th century and duplicated by hand in the middle of the 17 th century. In Guvâhî’s Tazarru’-nâme, there are sections related to the existence and unity of God, Hz. Muhammed, six big prophets, four great caliphs, Hz. Hasan and Hz. Huseyin. Additionally, there are parts named “el-mev?ize, şi?r-i hakîkat, and ilâhî”. In his work, Guvâhî writes about the mortality of the world, preparation for the hereafter, and praying to God for forgiveness of sins. Though this work was written in the beginning of the classic Ottoman Turkish period, what is remarkable is that it shows characteristics of both the old Turkish language and the newer vocabulary and affixes. Reading the entire text shows that Arabic and Persian words are in density compared to Turkish words. In this work, we studied the transcribed text, language features and word indices of Guvâhî’s Tazarru-nâme.

The Transferred Values In Hayriyye-i Nābī

Hasan ŞENER — 2026-07-16

Value is the system of common idea, basic moral principle or beliefs that accepted as truth and it is considered necessary by majority of society. Main elements of what makes nation a nation and differ from other nations are the values of that nation. Nations try to find a way to transfer the values they possess to next generations to retain the attribute of being a nation. When this transfer is failed, nations’ social and cultural values wear down and depreciation process called cultural degeneration gets started. It would be impossible for the nation to sustain its existence, union and operations once its’ values are destroyed or worn out. Education is the way to transfer the values to i

A Passage From Mythos To Utopia In The Legends Of Migration And Ergenekon

Ebru ŞENOCAK — 2026-07-16

The legends are historical mirrors that reflect the cultural life, national conscious and memory of a nation with a literary pleasure. The legends of Migration and Ergenekon that constitute the basis of Eastern literature are the products of experiences produced by society’s memory to struggle against the West by the aim of examining the identity search and causes of migration. These narrations in which centenary experiences are kept alive in oral tradition from one generation to the other are historical, mythological and cultural heritages lightening our future by the past. The legends of migration and Ergenekon tell how a nation that cannot hold on its history, cultural values, on its “sacred stone”, becomes homeless. Those legends are woven with many mythological symbols that attach a nation to its past. The symbols in the legends such as tree, mountain, water, fire, iron, dream etc. are like a road map by which we can examine the life story and historical data of Turkish nation. This road map can only become clear by clarifying the contents of conscious and unconscious. Tree, mountain and water symbols which are the myths of birth and re-birth are eternal power sources feeding the life energy of the legend. The cases of appearing of mythological mother who exists from the beginning to the end of the legend, are the symbols selected by the public memory to transmit the sensitivity of legend spirit to the reader. Those mythological elements, which lead the way for the hero by giving meaning to his sacred journey, give a potential strength to the legend that is a stop-and-think place. In this study, in the light of mythological symbols existing in the legends of migration and Ergenekon, we will examine the search for culture and identity under the subtitles such as leaving the father/mother land, the process of enlightment, turning back to the father/mother land, and mythological rebirth.

On The Idiom Kan Kaşanmak

Yaşar ŞİMŞEK — 2026-07-16

Mankind chose to tell his own feeling and thoughts with stereotyped words by using the expression facilities of his vernacular. The meaning of stereotyped words form as community's mutual thought's product by switching of the word or phrase's first meaning via simile. Idioms have a crucial place in regard to show the expression facilities in stereotyped words.That's why, the detection of entitiy in a language have an importance. In this essay , it will be dwelled on the idiom "kan kaşanmak" which is forgotten in these days, on the other hand; is mentioned often in Old Anatolian Turkish texts. The essay is composed of two parts. In the first part; the word kaşanmak's usage which is used in the meaning of "to urinate" in Uighur Turkish, Karakhanid Turkish, Chagatai Turkish, Qipchaq Turkish and Old Anatolian Turkish since Old Turkish period and today exists in Anatolian and Azerbaijan dialects, is going to be tried to be shown with examples now that it forms a basis for "kan kaşanmak" idiom. In the second part of the study, it will be dwelled on the idiom kan kaşanmak's meaning transformation which is idiomatic form of the word kaşanmak, starting with the first meaning of it. The first meaning of the idiom kan kaşanmak means "to urinate blood, but later it becomes a idiom by meaning transformation; in the meaning of "frighten to death, be scared as piss oneself, be scared as peeing blood and this is going to be shown with examples. The study is going to be finished with showing the idiom's first meaning which is used in today's Anatolian dialects usage " using an animal to carry load and animal's peeing blood because of the heavy burden" in the close meaning it is used for people too.

A Study Sociological Interpretation Poetry ‘Kizilirmak Kıyıları’ By Fazil Hüsnü Dağlarca

Yaşar ŞİMŞEK — 2026-07-16

Literature’s relationship with other science disciplines brought new perspectives to presenting the importance of literature works. Both Literature and sociology, two different but interrelated disciplines have been used with their shared resources and materials for research. Use of sociology in literature work studies brought new meanings to literature studies. Since literature works describe human and society, common life, and problems of the society; they require sociological reading. Many critiques argued that sociological issues have to be considered in poem critiques. This type of approaches, more often used in novel and story studies, have been considered in “literature sociology” discipline and “sociological critique” methods. In poetic deciphering more often form and technique have been emphasized and poems roots in sociological phenomena have been disregarded. In this study, “Kızılırmak Kıyıları” (Shores of Redriver) by Fazıl Hüsnü Dağlarca, which is very rich in terms of literature sociology discipline sociological critique, have been analyzed. Sociological reading method has been used considering the social and cultural conditions of the period, in which this poem was written, for this poems analysis. Our analysis tried to show the value regarding how well this poem represented the social reality. Poem have been studied with both “internal reading” and “external reading” methods and analyzed with literature sociology, sociological critique methods. With internal reading method poem’s overall meaning have been described and content analysis was performed. How this poem established a relationship with the society and how it interacted with the society have been shown with external reading method, by way of describing the social conditions of the period in which the poem was written. Also, related to poem, by starting from the work-artist, and the work-reader perspectives; cultural and social thought dimensions have been interpreted, change and transformations have been described, and how poem’s social views represented in life have been presented.

Based On The Narration Of Wahb Bın Munabbih, A Mathnawi: Dasıtan-ı Erve Hatun

Bünyamin TAN — 2026-07-16

Ka'b Al-Akhbar the early history of Islam, and many Muslims and people of Jewish descent sciences of hadith and tafsir İsra'iliyat element of concern in many Islamic culture came into being. Many of them originated in the Old Testament stories, some of which are among the Jews recited religious stories were created in order to give the lesson and course. The stories of the early scholars of Jewish descent interpretation of Islam under the guise of science of this period sokmalarıyla İsra'iliyat tafsir started. One of these scholars is Wahb bin Munabbih. Wahb bin Munabbih, narrated the history of Islam While many stories are recognized. These stories are used as a source recognized by many Muslim historians. This is the beginning of the Muslim scholars are names like Al-Tabari and Mas'udi. One of the stories narrated by Wahb bin Munabbih’s Erve story. Islamic culture has been transferred to many different versions of this story. Encountered only two instance of Turkish literature. The first of these 17, is the work of the poet who lived in another century, author unknown, Bilal called a "folk-type mathnawi" example. Wahb bin Munabbih’s worked primarily explained by the historical personality of this article. Its origins come from and what were his family. Copy of the transaction is characterized mathnawi’s made. Then mathnawi’s form and content were examined. In addition, a comparison of his work was named Bilal Kissa-i Erve. At the conclusion of the overall evaluation of the work place.

Study Of The Chronotope Context Of Ziya Osman Saba's Poems

Zeynep TEK — 2026-07-16

‘Chronotope’ is a term means unity of time-space and feeling was obtained to literature by Mikhail Bakhtin’s benefiting from Einstein’s theory of relativity. This concept which consists of ‘chronos’ (time) and ‘topos’ (space) words, has a functional way because of increasing the area of the meaning of the literary texts. In this study the using of chronotope context is prefered because of frequently usage of feeling values about time and space in Saba’s poems. With this article, it is tried to gain a new perspective in addition to studies on Saba’s poems. Ziya Osman Saba, who lived between the years of 1910-1957, attracts attention with being sensitive and stable about home-family matters in modern Turkish poetry. Saba has three poem books named “Sebil ve Güvercinler” (1943), “Geçen Zaman” (1947), “Nefes Almak” (1957) and two story books named “Mesut İnsanlar Fotoğrafhanesi”(1952), “Değişen İstanbul” (1959). As a sole member of the group of ‘Yedi Meşaleci’ Saba had works like various types of memories, stories, letters, maintained his ‘poet’ qualification by being busy with poetry art from the age of seventeen. At that age he also published his first poem. So it should be known that he thought about poetry art and choosed carefully all the words which he used in his poems. Reading of Saba’s poems with this concept, will be useful for understanding his poems. Thus, it is seen in the chronotopes used in Saba’s poems like house, room, wardrobe, drawer, garden, door and gate, time, space and feeling are all mixed and have different represantation values.

Language and Vocabulary of Tuhfetü’l- Erîbi’n-Nâfia li’r-Rûhânî ve’t-’Tabîb

Feyza TOKAT, Ceyhun Vedat UYGUR — 2026-07-16

There is a society from which any work arises and naturally a work reflects the characteristics of the standard language that is the culture language spoken and written on the basis of a specific cultural dialect of a society. However, each literal work also has an author or a scribal. A work bears the stamp of its author’s or scribal’s art, language and style, philosophy of life, information level and even way of life. Studies that identify and demonstrate the different aspects of the author’s or scribal’s work from counterparts and contemporaries, without repeating the known general characteristics of the literary or historical period the work belong to, has a separate place with regard to revealing the terms of unknowns instead of repeating the well-knowns. The book on of the historians of the Sultan IV. Mehmet period, Hezarfen Huseyin Efendi’s “Tuhfetu’l- Eribi’n-Nafia li’r-Ruhani ve’t-Tabib (Useful and Skilful Gift for Doctors and All Creatures), is a medical manuscript committed to paper at the 17th century. The Ottoman Language has a settled standard language at the 17th century during the rise of the Ottoman Empire. The language of the Ottoman Empire spreading to a wide area has become a cultural language by taking many elements of Arabic and Persian. Even written in standard language from the 17th century Classic Ottoman Turkish, there are elements in Tuhfetu’l- Eribi’n-Nafia li’r-Ruhani ve’t-Tabib that Huseyin Efendi preferred different from the standard language. Therefore, in this study, by emphasizing the differences of Tuhfetu’l- Eribi’n-Nâfia li’r-Ruhani ve’t-Tabib from Standard Ottoman Turkish in terms of syntax, phonetics, and vocabulary, it is aimed to be of service to overcome the difficulties encountered in manuscripts of that period.

Identity And Personality In Biographic Novels Yunus Emre Example

Ümmühan BİLGİN TOPÇU — 2026-07-16

A value of novel is understood with synthesis of components. İn this integrity, component part is not important from others. But an analyze entail separate this parts. İn this study, hero is handled. A hero in a novel is a component that has undertaken the dramatic action and the thematic power. The hero is also handled from identity and personality point of view, and considered as the most essential instrument of reality impression. The presentation of the hero, therefore, is the main concern. The presentation of the hero is important. The author is comletely free in selection and the regulation of the details that are used to shape the idendity and personality of a hero. Biographic novels, in this sense, are hero centred narratives. However, they are supposed to combine the reality with the fiction to a certain degree as they are narratives partly resting on the reality. Bearing these in mind, the restricted use of fiction framed by the reality in biographic novels is an important issue, and it is worth questioning how it is used by different authors. This study aims to compare and contrast two biographic novels that narrates Yunus Emre by Emine Işınsu and İskender Pala. It further aims to investigate how identity and personality of Yunus shaped by these two authors. It is concluded that each narrative is some kind of interpretation.

The Ottoman Art Of Seals And Seals In The Classical Turkish Poetry

Semra TUNÇ, Emine YENİTERZİ — 2026-07-16

Seals are inscriptions, coats of arms or stamps and their typography engraved on hard substances in place of signatures. Having been used in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Iran and Anatolia throughout history, seals have been engraved on minerals such as silver, brass, iron, bronze and notably gold, or gems such as emerald, amethyst, onyx, turquoise, pebble, garnet, cornelian, and pearl. The inscriptions on seals were engraved in reverse order so that they could be correctly read when they were put on paper and they were used after they were dipped in soot or ink. Names, titles, verses from the Quran, couplets as well as flowers and ivy figures were engraved on seals as decoration. There are seals on which 8 to 10 words were inscribed in an area of 1 centimeter. Seal making was recognized as an art in its own right in the Ottoman Empire. Seal masters had to excel in one or more of the calligraphic styles like sulus, ta’lîk, nesih, rik’a and reyhanî. Moreover, engraving of inscriptions on a hard object in aesthetic manner in reverse order and so big as to be read was a job that required great skill, patience and attention. Therefore, seal masters would engrave their names in one corner of the seal in fine inscription. The job of engraving seals was called engraving and those who engaged in this job were called engravers or seal makers. Engraving was considered a prestigious profession in the Ottoman society because those who engaged in this profession were qualified people with artistic skills and they were reliable people never involved in fraudulent deeds. Moreover, the fact that seals were used in all official and private businesses, that they were important in social life and that sultans favored this art so much so that some sultans like Mahmoud 2nd engraved seals themselves raised the prestige of the profession. Seals are classified as imperial seal, personal seals, foundation seals and official seals on the basis of their purpose of use and the persons who will use them. Seals also exhibit variations depending on the material they are made of and their artistic value. For example, sultans had four seals, one emerald and the others gold. Seals generally resemble one another in form. However, imperial seals are small and oval, round, square or octagonal whereas seals of senior officials such as viziers are oval or round. Seals also became a subject of interest in the classical Turkish poetry where Ottoman social life was reflected in all of its aspects. Therefore, the seal and the art of seal making is a topic that must not be ignored in poetry, which is a reliable source in studies on the Ottoman Empire. In classical Turkish poetry, issues such as types of seals, their forms, the styles of inscriptions, materials from which seals are made, their areas of use, the manner of their printing, engraver’s engraving his name on the seal or withholding his name, determining the propitious moment for preparation of the seal and starting the job at this propitious moment, forged seals, carrying seals as rings on fingers or on the chest in a purse, which finger to wear the seal on, keeping poison in seals have been dealt with by poets. These topics have been covered in our paper with examples from the classical Turkish poetry.

A Bibliyography Trial On Intertextuality In Classical Turkish Literature And A Case Study Of “Fuzûlî-Hâfız” By Hasibe Mazıoğlu

Nagehan UÇAN EKE — 2026-07-16

The development of the civilizations is impossible if they do not meet richer cultures and civilizations and do not benefit from them. The older and great civilizations like Sumerian, Egyptian, Greek, Latin and Islam civilizations survive their presence by receiving something from the previous civilizations and giving something to latter civilizations. A lot of famous writer benefit from the language and culture they met and enrich their philosophy. Writer who uses works of different languages and different cultures has the opportunity of the comparison of different cultures. A way to compare it to “the other person to come and discover him to face with” means. Each literary work or text, although own originality, there are other artifacts are a reflection on them and gets the location within the network, enters into the relationships of harmony and affinity. As is known, on the basis of scientific research, analysis and synthesis. The way to get through synthesis in comparison with. Comparison of two different literature or culture was regarded as the concept of “comparative literature”, in later years as an interdisciplinary field of literature-sociology, literature-psychology, literature-philosophy, literature and other arts-painting, music, photos, relationships, especially in recent years, is regarded as an extension of literature with close ties to the movie and compare it to these different areas are technical, such as aspects of style. But considirin the context in which information, comparative literature, different cultures and different literatures are treated as an unfolding and vanishing expansion. In this study, first “intertextuality” and “comparative literature” concepts are briefly described than a general Bibliography on Classical Turkish Literature and Intertextuality of work until today are presented and finally “Fuzûlî-Hâfız: A comparison of two poet” is presented from Hasibe Mazıoğlu, which is one of the first and most notable work in this area.

A Semantic Approach To The Significance Of Plant Names In The Context Of "Concept-Connotation-Word"

İlhan UÇAR — 2026-07-16

Human beings have made various markings after their own genus to distinguish the animals and plants that are located in the nearest place in the nature. The emergence of plant names in Turkish is a process that begins with the existence of language and continues until present day. The method that is used in Turkish plant naming overlaps with many languages. The concept areas that form word transfers especially in translation works, the limited connotation ranges reveals many parallels in the language of plant naming. The formation of plant names that are used in Turkish should be evaluated in terms of semantic and many classifications should be made at this point. The markings of some concepts in the so-called language system brings meaning to a variety of events. These meaning events raise solidifying the concept and concerns of conversion. While examing the connotation range of plant namings,they should be considered as multi-faceted.While plants are termed, marking features such as; organ names, animal names, numbers, names of persons, names of various diseases, mining ( ore ) names, names of smell, astronomy terms, geography where they grow up/come or ethnic/religious factors are taken into consideration. Experiment, experience and observation is important in these markings. Human beings, who began to recognize the various characteristics of animals and plants, have marked the useful ones in a separate account and contract and the harmful ones in a separate account and contract both in animals and plants. The namings of plants with various objects by using analogy aspect have obtained the use of the word as more than one name. In this article, " fields of meaning " and " connotation ranges " that came out from word transition concept in plant namings are taken into consideration and it is focused on methods of plant markings.

In The Context Of Disappointment, Tevfik Fikret And Country

Mehmet Emin ULUDAĞ — 2026-07-16

There are objects that forming each of poet’s art center. These objects are essentially abstract and concrete which can be either single-part and can be attributed different images to this objects according to artist. These objects painting, architecture, sculpture, works such as novels and poems that make up the core of the time, people, space, and fact takes shape according to temperament of poets and artists. In addition, in Literature, the places affect the perspectives and styles of poets in different ways. This interaction sometimes appears escape and sometimes appears rescue. In the westernization period, there is an escape among especially the Servet-i Fünuncus to New Zealand, Scotland, and Finland. This escape can be seen as both an alienation and help-seeking. Historical point of view, sociological research and in-depth analysis personal sufferings of intellectuals who attempted to escape can provide true findings and information, which can light this period, about dualism of this intellectuals and attempts to escape. Tevfik Fikret is one of the pioneers who symbolize this escape. Fikret does not leave the homeland, but in much poetry, he attributes a mission of escape and rescue to places in his poem. Places, where this mission is the most intense, are street, Asiyan, grave, mosque, Istanbul, the parliament, palace, garden and village. The perspective of the poet are sometimes tragic, funny, often reaches the size of complexity. In this study, Tevfik Fikret’s thoughts about phenomenon of place, and the images and the meanings was attributed to places of Rubab-i Şikeste will be examined. The study was prepared from poems of this poet and comparisons between this poet and poet living in this age, aims to describe the view of the motherland, identification and perception of Tevfik Fikret.

Month Names In Classical Ottoman Period Agricultural Texts

Uğur UZUNKAYA — 2026-07-16

Dividing time into sections as an abstract notion differs from society to society. This difference appears particularly in

The Sakiname of Naim

Kaplan ÜSTÜNER — 2026-07-16

Na’im, one of the Divan poets, lived in the seventeenth century. He was born in Üsküdar and worked as a district clerk and as a teacher. The poet passed away in 1694 where he was born. There are two known works of Na’im that are Divan and Gülzar-i Naim masnavi. However, there is no knowledge about the Poet’s

Poets Of The Germiyan And Manuscripts Libraries In Kutahya For The Old Anatolian Turkish

Emek ÜŞENMEZ — 2026-07-16

The Anatolian Seljuk State, several states have emerged after the dissolution of the geography of Anatolia. This is one of the states in the Inner West Anatolia, founded in Kütahya Germiyan state governed. Founded in 1283, or Germiyanoğulları Germiyan state (1283-1428), poet, and whether a large number of educated. Oguz Turkic languages in Anatolia as the emergence of literary writing and the importance of development and has a special place in Germiyan poets. Âni, Ahmedi, Hamzavi, Khidr Pasha, Sheikh, Ergun Celaleddin Celebi, Burhan Chalabi Elijah, Şeyhoğlu Mustafa, Ahmed-i Dai, Jamal, Kasım Izârî, 13-14 and 15 of poets such as Sheikh Divine Germiyan century showed activity in the State. What is the capital city of Kutahya Germiyan Principality is very rich in terms of manuscripts. There are three manuscript libraries in Kütahya for today. The first is located in the center of Kütahya Vahid Pasha provincial public library. This library is in exile in the Ottoman statesmen Kütahya Vahid Pasha (1809-1811) has been established. Provincial Directorate of Culture and Tourism building, third floor of the Library of Manuscripts in Turkish, Arabic and Persian writing incorporates a large number. In the center of the other manuscript libraries in the Kutahya a library of Mustafa Hakkı Yeşil Manuscript. Mustafa Hakkı Yeşil was born in Kütahya in 1905, founded by Mustafa Hakkı Yeşil in Turkey and outside the library, a large number of these institutions has been a candidate. In fact, this library is the University of Chicago wanted to give them in exchange for blank check, but refused the offer of the Mustafa Hakkı Yeşil. The other manuscript libraries in the province of Kutahya in the Tavşanli, Tavsanli Zeytinoglu library. Zeytinoglu created by the family and important in a library containing many rare books. In this study, in the context of Old Anatolian Turkish city of Kutahya Germiyanlı poets after briefly addressing the Turkish manuscripts in the state where the number of manuscripts and libraries (number, catalog, access, opportunity, etc..) Will be discussed. This is in libraries (13-15 century) manuscripts and their importance will be discussed.

A Structure That Is Used With The Function Of Past Tense In The Dialects Of Aydın And Of Its Districts: {-Ip-durur}

Ali İhsan YAPICI — 2026-07-16

Suffixes and compound verb structures have been used, so to meet the meaning of tense concept in historical and contemporary dialects of Turkish. And sometimes as in the statement of continuous tense in the ear of Old Turkish, it’s known that some tense concepts are expressed via different tense suffix. In this process, along with the suffixes that are confined to a certain tense, also the structures consisting from auxiliary verb, which lost its meaning with verbal adverb suffix, are used to determine the tense. One of these auxiliary verbs is dur- (< tur-). Structures, which this verb forms with the verbal adverbs suffixes {-A}, {-I} and {-(I)p}, are used the meet the meaning of continuous tense in historical and contemporary dialects. Thus this structure which in some contemporary dialects becomes a present continuous tense suffix by sustaining haplology has also been used with the function of past tense since the era of Khorezmian Turkic language. This structure which becomes a past tense suffix in various dialects – Initially Turkmen Turkic language – continues to exist in some dialects in Eastern Anatolia Region today. But no info exists as to the use of this structure as past tense in other regions of dialect in Anatolian area. We determined in the study we conducted upon the dialects of Aydın and of its districts that this structure has the function of being both past tense and perfect tense. In this study, the usage of the structure of {-Ip-durur} in the historical and contemporary dialects will be dealt with and the samples of this structure in the dialects of Aydın and of its districts will be dwelled upon.

In Sezai Karakoç’s Poetry Reflection Of Child

Hüseyin YAŞAR — 2026-07-16

Sezai Karakoç is one of the most important poets in the Turkish poem. He takes care the community to mobilize of the internal dynamics of the gloomy atmosphere to disperse. In this context, Karakoç searchs tradition and religious items. He takes care poem and life within boundary of religious perspective. Tradition, history, and religion as the source of an image creates a huge potential to poetry. The poet who can manage convert this potential to downpour image, evaluates childhood in this context. The poet who speaks on behalf of society, holds very high expectation from child. This study is aimed to examine the concepts associated with childhood in Sezai Karakoc’s poems In the first part, the connection is established between the child and the resurrection. Karakoç thinks that child is the value of resurrection. Poet counts the ‘child’’as a one of the most important trivet of the Resurrection project. He defines the child as value of the resurrection. According to Sezai Karakoç the child should be growen good sense and moral as well as scientific. Karakoç emphasizes mental and physical development of the child’s on the core mother and strongly criticise that mother should be held in the second plan in the Europen education. In the second part of this report processing of historical figures of child are discussed. To make the childhood as image adds rose, wine, violet elements whichs are in

An Analysis With The Ode (lyric) of Şeyhülislam Bahayi Efendi in The Frame of Criticism Directed to Ottoman Poetry

Kenan YAVUZ — 2026-07-16

With the advancement of the West in various fields, a desire to create a Western understanding of poetry causes diatribe in Ottoman poetry as a result of wish for innovation that emerged in Tanzimat Reform era appearing necessity of change and progress needed explicitly with the beginning of the West’s pressure on the Ottoman Empire. By emphasizing how to be revealed such critics as artistic and heavy language, imagination system, not being national, artificiality and insincerity, the lack of integrity of the subject and not dealing with social issues are tried to exemplify with the investigation on text. The lyric (ode) of Şeyhülislam Bahâyî Efendi studying the themes such as love, lover, the beauty and disloyalty of lover, seperation, missing and convergence in his lyrics (odes), which is one of the beautiful examples of Ottoman Poetry is chosen though he writes in various poetry types with the aim of investigation. The purpose of the study is to pick up all the assessments directed to Divan Literature and put forward the critics and anti-thesis against these critics with the examples by investigating and try to determine the effects on folk poetry and daily poetry, concepts and the way of images which are handled and the structure in terms of syntax in the framework of the critics.

Perception Of The Turkology Concept Among Fourth Grade Students Of The Departments Of Turkish Language And Literature In The Unıversities In Turkey

Serdar YAVUZ, Ahmet AKKAYA , Özcan BAYRAK — 2026-07-16

The Turkology, having been developed from the point of view of East, Islam and linguistic researches in the Europe of the 19 th century, has been, in the present, a science which searches whatever exists related to The Turks. Since the Turkologists, particularly in the early periods, have been concentrated on linguistic researches and utilized the point of view and methods of it, the Turkology has only been conceptually identified with the Turkish Language. The Turkology, as the effect of these studies, has been perceived as the Turkish language. The purpose of this study is to reveal the perceptions of the fourth grade students in the department of Turkish Language and Literature in Turkish universities via metaphors they develop. The working group of the study consists of 320 students studying in the departments of Turkish Language and Literature of seven universities in seven geographical regions (Marmara Region, Aegan Region, Mediterranean Region, Central Anatolia Region, Eastern Anatolia Region, South Eastern Anatolia Region) inside the borders of the Turkish Republic. The data of the study has been obtained by each student completing the sentence: “Turkology is like ..., because...”. In the phase of data analysis, a technique of contents analysis, which can associate with the relations and concepts that are capable of explaining the data, has been used. As a result of the research it is detected that % 87 of students of fourth class Turkish Language and Literature Departments have a positive perception, % 11,4 of them have negative perception and % 0,9 of them have both positive and negative perception about the term Turkology. Students having positive perception develop the areas of adding value, discipline, research; students having negative perceptions develop scientific lackness, work job anxiety, negative conduct; students having both negative and positive perception develop metaphors under the name of both positive and negative code.

An Examination On The Verbs Having Different Functions Though Written Same

Seda YILMAZ — 2026-07-16

The morphemes added to the verbs examined in this study are different each other though written same. The investigated verbs which include in their combination -t, -Dİr, -l, -n, -ş morphemes have been used with the function of voice or the function of derivation with deterioration of the independent meaning of the verb with itself. The voice morphemes and derivational suffixes functions are completely different each other: The first one refers to a specific connection with the objects of the action represented by the verb, and it manages the subject and object which are the elements of the syntax, and it determines transitive and intransitive which are feature of semantic; the second one disrupts independent lexical meaning of the word, and it reveals the form of word which has different meaning. Because the voice morphemes don’t make such a change on the independent meaning of verbs, they can’t be taken as derivational suffixes. To reveal accurately and completely different functions of the verbs having different functions though written same, the materials of the Modern Turkish literature and speeches have been utilized in the study. The functions of verbs which include this morphemes have been tested with examples obtained by using the method of screening. It has been reached that the examined verbs which include this morphemes have been used with the function of word derivation or the function of voice in the same expression, mentioned morphemes can’t be used both the voice and the word derivation function in the same sentence, the voice morphemes are responsible to transmit a specific connection with the objects of the action represented by the verb, the voice morphemes don’t make any change on the independent meaning of verbs, they can’t be taken as derivational suffixes etc.

The Modo-Temporal Predicate With Epistemic Value In Turkish (From İntention To Realization)

Selim YILMAZ — 2026-07-16

This paper is aimed at analyzing the modo-temporal value of the “epistemic predicate” and the structure of possible equivalents in Turkish of the French conditional. To do so, the study particularly focuses on the morphological structure of the epistemic predicate in Turkish which shows the quality of marking the enunciative intention and the probability, depending on the context of use and on the different grammatical morphemes of the predicate. The explicit equivalents in Turkish of the French conditional are mostly marked by two suffixes, “-EcEk” (intentive suffix) or “-Ir” (aoristic suffix), which cannot be combined together. To do this, the epistemic predicates classified according to the forms of utterances, and the modal values such as “assumption/probability” and “condition” will be evaluated in terms of “form-meaning” relationship with distributional linguistics approach. The main purpose of the study is to identify the “mode/tense” of epistemic predicates and to interpret the utterances in terms of morphology and syntax in order to investigate a structural model of this type of predicate in Turkish. This study is based on a corpus of conditionals used in the French translation by Münevver Andac (Alors, les oiseaux sont partis… published in 1983) of a Turkish classical novel by Yaşar Kemal (Kuşlar da gitti, published in 1978).

Existence Perspectives Of An Individual Under Daily Blockage In The Short Short Stories Of Mehmet Harmancı

Mutlu DEVECİ — 2026-07-16

A Linguistic Analysis On Necip Fazıl Kısakurek’s Poem Called As ‘Kaldırımlar’

Yusuf TEPELİ, Esra PEKTAŞ — 2026-07-16

Language is the basic material of poetry as it is for any other literary types and in terms of this view, it has a big share on the permenance of the poetry. As the poetry can not be considered apart from the language, critization of poetry can not be practiced apart from the language, either. Instead of transferring the feelings which poetry gives, the atmosphere which poetry makes readers feel to the readers with a set of subjective considerations, explaining with a scientific method which depends on the core of the poetry was influential on the coming out of this study. The poet's creating original images with variations and transferrings, utilization of literal elements and the easy going converzation which is given by the spoken language has an influence on the choice of the poem of Necip Fazıl Kısaku¨rek for this study. The poet put down on paper mystic poems which he transferred his intense internal feud, the reflections of the turbulents of his soul with the reality of the outer world. The poem "Kaldırımlar" serves us ideal language materials in terms of all those facilities inside it. In this work, the poem of Necip Fazıl Kısaku¨rek which is named Kaldırımlar is tried to be analyzed with a linguistic view. In order to do this, Dogˆan Aksan's method of poet examination which is shown on different poems is practiced on a text while his work named "S¸iir Dili ve Tu¨rk S¸iir Dili" is taken as base. In the first chapter of the study which is composed by two chapters, it is basically dwelled on the types on the words; in the second chapter, the semantical and semiological examination of the words which composes the text was made and the findings were transferred with tabulating. The words mentioned in the text were examined in terms of kind, meaning direction, literal elements with analysing the degree of the value of the feelings, frequency and the setting of the relations among them.

Mecmuaların Sistematik Tasnifi Projesi (MESTAP) Çalıştayı

Mehmet GÜRBÜZ — 2026-07-16

Türk Dili

İ. Gülsel SEV — 2026-07-16