https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=sayi_detay&sayi_id=250 Turkish Studies - International en 2026-07-16 <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Ankara Bilim &Uuml;niversitesi</p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Maltepe Kamp&uuml;s&uuml;</p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Maltepe Mahallesi Şehit G&ouml;nen&ccedil; Caddesi No: 5 &Ccedil;ankaya, Ankara, T&Uuml;RKİYE</p> <p style="margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>Web: </strong><a href="https://ankarabilim.edu.tr">https://ankarabilim.edu.tr</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>Telefon:</strong> <a href="tel:4442228">444 22 28</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>E-mail:</strong>&nbsp;<a href="mailto:info@ankarabilim.edu.tr">info@ankarabilim.edu.tr</a></p> https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14188 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14188 Ercan ALKAYA 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14189 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14189 Tuncer GÜLENSOY In this article we investigated several aspects and etimology of the word “küçük” which is still used with several voice shifts in Turkey Turkish, Turkey Turkish accents and Turkish dialects. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14190 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14190 Ahmet Bican ERCİLASUN In this article we discuss the historical adventure of the Uighurs, who has significant place in Turkish history and is one of the foremost Turkish tribes in Turkish language and culture with the alphabet they used, the works of writing and translation they produced, and also their relationship with the Chinese, as far as with the other Turkish tribes, and furthermore their place in Turkishness under the consideration of data achieved from Dîvânü Lügati’t-Türk. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14191 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14191 Dursun YILDIRIM In this article it has been investigated of the chaos and the blackout situation which the Turks experience today, who have existed on three continents during history and nationalized the geographies where they settled and brought regulation to the world. Ones who do not know yesterday could not understand and construct today, and can never be prepared for tomorrow, therefore, up to the idea, the faith lies deep inside that the Turks would rise out of the ember hidden by the ashes, carry on their existence in the world and go on their journey throughout the history despite the whole difficulties and troubles. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14192 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14192 Leyla KARAHAN Should it be started to teach grammar in parts or as a whole? Acquiring and imparting knowledge in the manners of part-whole relationship is an essential method of education. The priority is given to “part” in grammar teaching programs, however, the purpose for this arrange has not been emphasized. The order of the subjects is extremely important in grammar teaching. The fact that the language is a “communication” system should not be avoided during the arguments on the question if the priority should be given to “part” or “whole” throughout the ordering of subjects. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14193 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14193 Mustafa ARGUNŞAH In Turkish literature in the era of Ottoman, a number of literary works in the form of prose and poetry were written. While some these works mentioned the time between the birth and death of the sultan, others talked only about a particular time in his lifespan. As well as their historical and cultural value, there are also some Selimnames like that of Bitlisli Şükri (Şükri of Bitlis) which is important in language too. In this article, Selimnames will be classified as being Turkish, Arabic and Persian, and their contents and works on them will be given. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14194 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14194 Gürer GÜLSEVİN The paper is consisted of two parts. In the first part, how to make comments on the features that characterize Rumelian accents and which of these features have come into use through outer interaction and which have come into use through inner developments will be discussed. In the second part, words that were lent to Balkan languages by Turkish will be focused on. Whether the words which are shown as borrowings from Turkish are really Turkish-lent or some are lent by other languages will be discussed. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14195 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14195 Ramazan KORKMAZ Dede Korkut Stories**, contain significant traces of the shamanic beliefs found among the Oghuz people before Islam. In Shamanism, respect is always shown to earth/ water spirits which form the foundation of constructive relations between mankind and nature. The The water phenomena known as materia-prima in mythical thought are considered to be a result of occult and universal existential powers. In this respect, the pollution of water symbolizes the death of creative values and the beginning of chaos. In Dede Korkut stories, each time going beyond the preventative aspect of myth, nature, with her destructive face and as universal threat returns and wants to take revenge. The most typical representative of this threat is Tepegöz (One-Eyed Giant), who appears as a result of the pollution of Perili Pınar caused by a shepherd's mistake feeds on human flesh. The more the Oghuz People tries to solve this situation by physical power the bigger and the more complicated the problem becomes. Then Tepegöz becomes not just a disaster only for the Oghuz people but for the whole of humanity. Myth speaking through the Tepegöz symbol, tells us that the relation between mankind and nature is not a one way and unqualified fait-accopli, but rather it invites the whole of humanity to show respect towards other layers of being. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14196 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14196 Zeki KAYMAZ In this article emphasized on “çik” word. Before the state of word in the dialects is mentioned. After the state of the word in the other idiom is discussed. And origin of the “çik” word try to explain. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14197 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14197 Vahit TÜRK In this article, we investigated the meanings of some archaic words and grammatical elements which are mentioned in the oldest texts of Turkish language but are not used in written language of Turkey’s Turkish and we determined that they are still used in folk songs. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14198 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14198 Nevzat ÖZKAN Iraq is a state settled Turkish in the period of Seljuk State, Musul and Erbil Sultanate, Ilhanlıs, Karakoyunlus, Akkoyunlus and Safevi. It was conrolled by Ottoman Empire in 1534 and it was continued 384 years. Than it was given over to English. With Ankara Treaty in 5th June 1926, the authority of Ottoman Empire ended and Iraq Turkish in this area became minority. Tukish literary language costum has very improved past (in this state) that trained Nesimî, Fuzulî, Bağdatlı Ruhî and a lot of famous Turkish poets in Ottoman period. Literary language was formed in Anatolia effected Iraq. For Iraq Turkmen Literature this time was the Ottoman Turkish period. After 1920’s Iraq secured independence, Iraq Turkmen Literature was a minority literature. But Iraq Turkmens followed literary language and literature in Turkey in this period. Since 1958 subverted the monarchy Turkish literature and publishing was subdued(tense kullanımı). Turkmen writters and poets faced prosecution and massacre in this period. Repressive applications are continued carry or maintain today by others. In spite of everything everything Iraq Turkmen literary continued to follow Turkey Turkish. Iraq Turkmen dialects use everyday life and parol literature but ıt’s not used in formal writting language. Iraq Turkmens follow Turkey about the alphabet despite all coactions. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14199 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14199 Hatice ŞAHİN How important is known to Turkish medical manuscripts written in Anatolian history of medicine as well as history of the Turkish language studies. One copy each of this manuscripts can be removed use of level great importance terms can contribute to language studies. In this paper intended to acquaint Tercüme-i Hülasa’s which is translated from Persian to Turkish by Cerrah Mes‘ud copy of The Bursa Old Manuscript and Printing Works Library and general feature of language . 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14200 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14200 Saadettin GÖMEÇ Who is Oguz? Is he an historical hero or a real personality lived in history? So far, many have tried to answer this question while some regarded him as the great Hun yabgu, Mo-tun (Börü Tonga), some assumed him to be a 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14201 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14201 Erdoğan BOZ In this paper, the meaning problem per article line up meaningful of Modern Turkısh words has been discussed.. For the material, the Turkish Dictionary of Turkish Language Institution and as an example word “classic” is used. Firstly, information about order of meaning which the meaningful, per article was given and compared with various dictionaries.In the conclusion part, some comments has been made in relation to comparisons and then suggestions were made. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14202 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14202 H. İbrahim DELİCE It is accepted ı, i, u, ü vowels and y, n consanats are accepted as affixes which take part in Turkish syntax with phonological function. Some resarchers also add a, e vowels and s, ş consanants to these affixes. It isn’t mentioned about t which is used between verb themes and causative affix. Whereas it is seen that it is used directly with phonological function in some examples and it pretends to use with phonological function because its gramatical function couldn’t be perceived in some examples. In this article it will be interrogated the functions of –t- and –tIr- in verbs with structure of –t- + -tIr- which has been listed from Turkish Dictionary and it will be worked to see that –t- is an additional voice in some conditions. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14203 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14203 Ahat ÜSTÜNER Euphemisms that are frequently used words in Turkish are corresponded with different terms since they are not adequately examined. Determining proper terms by considering the features, structures and meanings of these statements will make a major contribution to relevant research area. These statements called as euphemisms in international literature are means of expressing obnoxious, inauspicious accepted, obscene entities with different word or words instead of known names. The purpose of euphemisms founded in all cultures and all languages depending on taboo (noa word) is not to be not understood. Besides there are some euphemisms called as dysphemism aiming to conceal wrong doings. The objective of this study is evaluating the alternative terms used in Turkey for these statements those should be taken up together and proposing terms correspondent with meaning, purpose and structure for them. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14204 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14204 Ekrem ARIKOĞLU Nostratic language of the theory of names Holger Pedersen his paternity, İlliç Svıtiç theory developed by the Afro-Asiatic, Kartvel, Elam-Dravid, Indo-European, Ural-Yukagir, Eskimo-Aleut, Altai, Korea, the Japanese language group of the common historical roots a defense theory. According to the theory of our day with each other within the same family or language group are not considered languages, at an earlier date (14 -10 thousands BC) was based on the same origin. 8 thousand years ago, was separated from the main group of the Altaic language group. But today, many elements of restructuring through leksic history helps to establish ties. Altaic languages or language groups, with the above-mentioned links between the evaluation of the studies, examples are given in words. These links have been limited to elements leksical notice. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14205 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14205 Cengiz ALYILMAZ The territory within the boundaries of Kyrgyzstan Republic is highly important for Turkish-Islamic history. The territory contains many Arabic inscriptions belonging to Muslim-Turkic tribes especially Karahanli state (Karahanlilar), and Arabians who arrived in the region for conquests. This paper presents to the attention the significance of Turkish and Arabic inscriptions in Alphabet, found in historical mosques, prayer rooms, caravansaries, shrines, tombstones, holy places (ziyaret yerleri), manuscripts (cönkler, books), coins, knick-knacks and belongings…. belonging to Islamic Era, for Turkish-Islamic history and their current conditions. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14206 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14206 Bilgehan Atsız GÖKDAĞ It is well-known that most of historical and modern Turkic dialects use the forms developing from -Ip + turur as a suffix for the learned past tense. However, the –ItdI / -It variant of this suffix are used in the dialects of Khorasan and Salmas in İran, and in Nuha, Quba, Tabasaran, Derbend and Zagatala in Azerbaijan. In the other regions where this suffix is used the consonants p / b / t / d remained without any change. The reason why the form made of -Ip and turur composition turned to be -ItdI / -It can be best explained with assimilation. The consonant -d- in the suffix -dır affected the vocal in the suffix –Ip / -Ib / -If to asimilate to itself, and changed to t. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14207 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14207 Ali AKAR There are many methodological mistakes committed while preparing Turkey’s Turkish Dialect dictionaries. This results in the presence of words having phonetic and semantic defects in these dictionaries. Hence, while preparing a dialect dictionary, new methods such as description and synchronism compiling concept areas, making use of written language, and contextual meaning should be employed. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14208 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14208 Ahmet GÜNŞEN In spite of the fact that the Turkish clans, nomads and tribes who settled in the Thrace and the Balkans starting from the mid-fourteenth century did not make concessions from their own languages and dialects, within the centuries they also had a mutual interaction language-wise with the Slavic tribes who were the local people of the conquered land. The language interaction experienced within a bilingual or a multilingual environment through the centuries both included many Turkish elements in the Bulgarian, Greek, Serbian, Croatian, Albanian, etc. languages and led to many foreign inclusions in the Rumelian Turkish dialects in terms of vocabulary and syntax. Therefore, in that land Rumelian Turks lived through a process of forming dialect(s) which are new and different from the Anatolian dialects under the influence of various foreign languages mostly of Slavic origin. The Rumelian Turkishness, which was the dominant factor of the region in political and demographic terms until the Balkan Wars and the First World War, was turned into a minority in every aspect in that land after those dates. This eventually brought about a process that was not in favor of the Turkish language. In this paper, Macedonian and Kosovian Turkish dialects which make up the western branch of the Rumelian dialects differentiating from the Anatolian ones in many ways are dealt with in terms of language interaction and bilingualism/multilingualism; language interference or code change observed in the phonetics, morphology, vocabulary and syntax of these dialects are highlighted as well. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14209 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14209 Abdullah Mesut AĞIR The “global economy” of the Middle Ages was created by linking the Indian Ocean trading networks with those of the Mediterranean Sea and its African and European hinterlands. These products, together with ceramics, textiles and sugar provided from Egypt and Syria, reached European markets almost exclusively through the Italian maritime republics of Amalfi, Pisa, Genoa and Venice. Especially the direction of the monsoon winds in the Indian Ocean and the course of the Venice trade ships were at the same direction. Thereby, Venice trade ships set out toward the end of August and made their way slowly through the Adriatic and the Aegean to Cyprus and Alexandria, timing their arrival there to coincide with the availability of monsoon-borne and by this way the products which are ned carried through Europe. İt is important to emphasize this subject that North Europe economy depends on this Monsoons where they became at Indian Ocean. As a maritime republic dedicated itself to the international trade, Venice was an anomaly in a feudal Europe that measured wealth by land, not money. Therefor this idea were encouraging their believing about ending the monopoly of the Muslim trade at the Indian Ocean. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14210 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14210 Ercan ALKAYA The Siberian Tatar dialects, which constitues one of the three dialects of Tatar Turkic and which are called the Eastern (Western Siberia) dialects in Tatarian linguistics, are spoken by Tatarian Turks who live in a very scarce area in the Western Siberia district. As the Western Siberian Tatars are geographically near to the area in which the Southern Siberian dialects such as Altaic, Khakas and Tuva are spoken, they bear various common characteristics with the dialects aforementioned. In this study, the common characteristics between the Siberian Tatar dialects (Altaic, Khakas, Tuva) are dealt with, these available common characteristics are tried to be explained in terms of phonology, morphology and vocabulary. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14211 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14211 Hasan AKAY The paper is an attempt to understand and explicate the place and emplacement of an element, ‘Y 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14212 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14212 Aziz GÖKÇE The progress of fore palate and rear palate consonants /g/ used in Old Turkish period within Modern Turkish have attracted attention of Turkish Language researchers. But only general outline of rules were mentioned about them. In this article some specific cases of fore palate and rear palate consonants “g” which might have been fallen behind of some researchers’ attention will be mentioned and their historical development throughout Old Turkish and Old Anatolian Turkish will be taken into consideration. Examples of construction affixes which includes fore palate and rear palate consonants have been given from all historical written languages of Turkish considering its functions of derivation from nouns or verbs. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14213 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14213 Zuhal KÜLTÜRAL, The terms are the words, makes people who are the same branches of science art and professions to understand each other and defines the specific concepts of its belonging branch. Beside various grammar books, agreat many of grammar terms dictionaries are written.Without providing a unity of grammar terms, some problems have arisen both at higher and secondary education. For a standardized language education, a solution of the problems about using the terms will be found with eliminating the complexity of terms and concepts and preparing lecture books containing common terms. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14214 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14214 Kerime ÜSTÜNOVAMustafa ÜSTÜNOVA,Hasene AYDIN, Meral AKKÖK, Gülnaz ÇETINOĞLU BERBEROĞLU, Nilüfer AKGÜN Abbreviations take an important place in the names of workplaces which have the feature of showing the service type that is giving by the workplace as separating its similars and have the characteristic of a kind of identity. In being formed of abbreviations some apprehensions like being conspicuous, being different from similar, keeping in mind easily and euphony become prominence as well as the thougt of save time and effort. Therefore, attempt to comply with the rules of language while the abbreviations are being formed is ignored. The abbreviations are formed casually and as being ignored the rules of language is concluded by the evaluation of data. So, it is determined that an order can’t be found and it can’t be connected to the rules. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14215 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14215 Abdullah Mesut AĞIR This article is concerning with the escape adventure of a young Mamlûk Sultan, al-Malik al-Aziz Yusuf, who was raised to the throne at the age of fifteen at 1439 by the testament of Sultan Barsbay (1422-1437) but then dethroned and be exposed to the escape for fear to be killed, had reigned for six months. After been banished from the sultanate by Amir Jaqmaq, he was imprisoned at a room of the citadel. This room was the place where his escape adventure began. The most important reason for the escape of the young sultan was the rumor arose at the citadel which was concerning with the death edict given by Sultan Jaqmaq. By the incitements of his attendants, he decided to escape from the Citadel of Cairo to save his life. This escape was critically important connected with the uprisings at Syria at that time. Because Amir Tagribirmish, viceroy of Aleppo and Amir Aynal al-Jakamî, viceroy of Damascus, who protested the reign of Sultan Jaqmaq, had leaned to Yusuf. Although Yusuf had just aimed to save his life by escaping from the citadel, the supporters of him, who objected to the reign of Jaqmaq, wanted to embrace this opportunity against the authority. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14216 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14216 Hüsrev AKIN The period of national literature is a time when Ottoman Empire experienced new tendencies in the field of education. The families of that time tried to find the ways to bring up their children to the best and decided on private schools opened by foreigners and minorities. It is possible to see the demand towards those private schools in the novels of the time. The traces of the educational life of the time are found in the novels of national literature period, and how and in which schools the children of that time were brought up are revealed. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14217 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14217 Hasan AKTAŞ The poetry of classical age was pouring from two main vessels as Divan and Mysticism. The poem of these two channels were standing on two strong epistemic/basic source like Quran and Tradition. Divan and mystic poetry are in a way a secular/visible and mystic/esoteric evolution of these two rooted/epistemic source. This evolution is being made confirm and classical by sealing with secrets sometimes. In a way, this caused the Divan poetry turning into a hidden treasure. Turkish poetry which suddenly lost it’s treasure with modernism, got contemporary and positivist with an agression of no borders. This marginality is stopped the modern poetry. This blockage entailed new development which was through the Divan and mystic poetry. Altough this tendency, modern poetry couldn’t exhaust Divan and mystic poetry/sufism doctrine as it produce them. Because, modern poetry hasn’t got enough power to exhaust the wonderful treasure of Divan and mystic poetry. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14218 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14218 Muhammet Fatih ALKAYIŞ The words “cenap” and “hazret”, which are from Arabic, are used in Turkish language generally at the word groups; either in front of the word groups or at the back. Example: Cenab-ı Hak, Prens cenapları; Hazret-i Ali, Sultan hazretleri… But even though these words are noun origin in fact, they are thought as adjectives, such as “Cenab-ı Hak, Hazret-i Ali” in noun groups. There is a difference here about the word type. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14219 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14219 Nurcan ANKAY Tezer Özlü who has a sensitive way of self-defending through writing, is one of the considerable authors in contemporary Turkish literature. She handles a feminal voice that rises against society in her two novels and one short story collection. The alienation of the i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14220 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14220 M. Dursun ÇİTÇİ Kolan spas on the border of Elazığ and Tunceli are formed between Karakoçan, Pamuklu and Bardaklı fracture zones which are matched around Hamam Mountain geometrically. The slopes looking the north of Hamam Mountain and the spring waters which is on Peri Water valley, because of the area’s geomorphological and techtonical structure, they are in a very deep valley. Because of the area’s limestone structure, in some way canyon seemed as if it is a valley. Peri Water valley has been rasing by techtonical activities and the exit of spa water have changed several times. The existence of spring water is related to techtonical structure and lithological features of the area. Because of the spring water’s being direct into Karakoçan limestone zone, it has been formed, in this techtonical structure which is lined north and south and from these directions fractures and cracks, hot waters come out of the surface. Controlling these spa water, like stalactite, stalagmite, pillar, travertine, limestone tufa karst froms or shapes are encountered. With the model “Do, run and transfer” foundations are formed and a lot of visitors come to visit especially from the vicinity every year. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14221 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14221 Ekrem AYAN In the first section of this article, the life story of Ibiray Altınsarin, who is known to have begun the first studies on the contemporary literature of Kazaks, and in the second section, his works have been examined. Besides, the educational activities of Russians in the second half of the 19 th century, including the period of writer’s lifetime, are explained. The works, rendered by the writer, constitute the first examples of Kazakh Literature written in cyrillic. Moreover, not only his work written in Arabic but also his works in Russian have been described in detail. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14222 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14222 Abdulhalim AYDIN “Dark Sun” image occurs in the various works of Gerard de Nerval. In his poem “El Desdichado”, on one hand it symbolizes the women he lost, on the other hand it refers to ‘Melancholia’ painting of Albrecht DURER. The same image scatters dark lights on forehead of DURER in Voyage en Orient (The voyage in Orient); and in Aurélia it is shown as a sign which announces the doomsday. Some comments have also been made that Nerval indicated his own tragic end with ‘dark sun’. When we take into consideration the poet’s life in a general approach, it is necessary to evaluate the image as a clear reflection of morbid psychic situation. Therefore, ‘dark sun’ image symbolizes unhappiness, uneasiness and melancholy primarily by Nerval and in Western culture. “Nur-u Siyah” (dark light) image in orient culture has been employed in a line which continues from the tradition until today, from Şebüsteri to Şeyh Galip and from A. Halet Çelebi to Hilmi Yavuz. Althought they have the same meaning with a tiny difference (sun 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14223 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14223 Erhan AYDIN In our book named Turkic Runic Bibliography (Türk Runik Kaynakçası), which was published in early 2008, we put together articles on Turkic runic letters. In this study, articles which were previously ignored as well as articles which were published in 2008 and 2009 will be presented. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14224 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14224 Özkan AYDOĞDU In this study, it will be handled with differences in final phoneme as one of the differences seen between dialects and standard language. The differences seen in final phoneme consonants, between standard language and dialects of Turkey Turkish, can be classified as those main titles: 1. Consonant changing in final phoneme, 2. Consonant drops in final phoneme, 3. Consonant derivation in final phoneme. In our study, those differences will be evaluated with the examples by scanning the texts of current dialect researches. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14226 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14226 Birol AZAR Nogays who are a Turkish community, have been living in a wide geography dispersedly. Nogays who were known as having an effective political position In the ages when they had been powerful, they have not been not able to preserve their unity and been exposed to political and cultural erosion within the historical period. Problems in social and political fields have reflected to cultural products and impressed them deeply. Tales which are known in Nogay Turkish as “ erteği”, are not long texts as those of Anatolian and their formulas are simple and short also consist of playful formulas. In the texts of tales, starting/transition formulas have not been used either. In this writing these differences are to be tried to be displayed and the reasons are to be examined. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14225 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14225 Cahit BAŞDAŞ The third person possesive suffix is one of the functional suffixes of Turkish language. Disagreement about form and functions of the suffix can not have been becoming yet. A consonant /n/ that is come into being in the course of time is employed the person suffix together with case ending have created foundation of disagreement. A consonant e.g. /n/ there is used between the possesive suffixes and case ending can be directly attached to possessive suffixes in the historical texts. This situation have caused confusion between the possesive suffixes and case ending The proposal of this study is to solve the problem by examining all over the samples of the possessive and accusative in the Orkhun İnscriptions (Kül Tigin and Tonyukuk 1-2). İn this way, it has been removed hesitation about relations of possessive-determinative-accusative. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14227 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14227 Selma BAŞ In this study we analysed Füruzan’s stories within the context of the relationship between literature and education. In these stories, such themes as educational system, schooling, and teaching are employed. The concept of education and the criticisms made about it were scrutinized. Thus, elements related with education were determined as based on Füruzan’s works. Most of the characters in these stories view education as a means of salvation and thus try to struggle for it. An other group of characters in his stories nostalgically aspire for the earliest memories of their educational background, which they view as immortal. All these things reflect the educational convention of 1970s, though in a rather implied way, as well as indicating that literature can present rich materials compiled to education, as it has been the case for the other fields. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14228 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14228 Hüseyin BAYDEMİR This essay is about the funeral rites in Uzbekistan. The first part includes a consideration of ideas on death, life and spirit. And afterwards the moment of death, the washing and shrouding of the deceased, the meal and condolence ceremonies, and the mourning after the deceased are dealt with in successive headings. Ceremonies and customs regarding death in Uzbekistan are generally practiced within the traditions of Islam nevertheless there are also some traditions adopted from pre-Islamic periods. There are also many differences between the death traditions among the various races and even among those of different Turkish clans living on this geography. Besides, this study also provides information on these traditional variations. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14229 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14229 Özcan BAYRAK It is imagination that lead people and give shape to events in the social life. Imagination is the process of existence of human beings. The greatness and the eternity of this imagination determines this process. Imagination constitutes i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14230 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14230 Fatma Sibel BAYRAKTAR The abundance of the Turkish Language, its power of expression emerges more distinctively day by das as the researches incline to more capillary questions. The “-mış bulun-” structure has not been studied in most grammar books except from some limited evidences which mention it as paired with the “-mış ol-” structure that takes place in “priority verbs” subheading under the “complex verbs” category, expressing shortly that “-mış bulun-” implies a more sharp meaning than “-mış ol-”. This structure, as bears an absoluteness impliying voice in the written literature, has never been considered as having a regret meaning -mostly in the spoken language-also. We will question the regret expression meaning “if only wouldn’t be” in the “-mış bulun-” structure in this study. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14231 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14231 Bülent BAYRAM Folk Literature was under the ideologic pressure during the USSR period. From time to time it was prohibited to publish some of the literary works. Some of the works were published after they had undergone some change with the excuse that they convey idiology opposite to that of the USSR. Some of the chapters were dropped out of the literary Works: for example, this kind of changes have been done to the Epic of Alankay Batır of the Kazak Turks. The difference between the original version of the Epic that we possess and the one published is the clear evidence of the changes of the kind. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14232 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14232 Ahmet BENZER In this study, literary arts found in linguistics books as a different definitions and descriptions close to each other and be in the scope of the definition, description and exemplifying of the literary works in linguistics books have been located. ‘What’ question of the research constitutes the literary arts, ‘why’ question of the research constitutes differences in naming sth, ‘how’ question of the research constitutes subjective designations by different authors in different areas. The question of the study have been determined as ‘in spite of a similar definition, putting forward the problems formed by different designations in literary arts. In study, rather than giving the solution by using description method, it’s aimed to state the question, and at the end of the study it’s showed that designation, definition and exemplifying are defined in a similar or the same way. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14233 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14233 Nergis BİRAY Dialects live together as protecting to different phonetic and morphological features. Dialects wreak towards the time and conditions. Therefore immediately collecting to the materials of the Anatolian and Rumeli dialects are needed at very fast and in a planned way. Not only has the text collecting should be given importance in this subject but also has the word collecting. There are innumerable word existences at the Anatolian and Rumeli dialects as a variation of written language that have been using for centuries. This study will introduce approximately a hundred words (idioms, names, adjectives, adverbes, particles, interjections, etc.) that have been edited from Denizli dialects which are not in Derleme Sözlüğü (Dictionary of Word Collection) or, if it is, contain different meaning by classifying in accordance with their types. Each activity of collection will enhance the word affluence of Turkish language by adding unknown one. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14234 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14234 Didem ARDALI BÜYÜKARMAN New Turkish literature has been shaped with the Tanzimat. Newspapers and magazines publish works of literary journals have led to assume the function of the book. Therefore, when writing of literary history or a first place to look at whether the works are being compiled must first Ottoman periodicals. Has an important place in our literary history periodicals is one of the Revnak magazine. In this study, Emin Nihad’s, Osman Nevres’s, Edhem Pertev Pahsa’s and Recai-zade Mahmut Ekrem’s works will be introduced which were remained in the magazine's Revnak. And also index of periodicals scanned the interests of the Ottoman literary history for our new importance will be emphasized. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14235 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14235 Reyhan ÇELİK In world literature, some subjects are formed according to the society, culture and geographical factors. The village subjects in Turkish and Russian literature also based on these basics. ‘ Village literature’ which became very considerable in both countries for a period in the past occurred in the second half of the 20th century. It cannot be considered as a coincidence, it has been actually the result of the literacy interaction and socialism which became effective in most of the countries in the world in that period. It is approached with the socialist and realistic conception to the country life and country folk hereafter in spite of the fact that village and country folk have been illustrated in the works of both literature before. In this work, approaches to the country life in Russian and Turkish literature and also how their conceptions has been reflected on the literature will be evaluated. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14236 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14236 Halil ÇELTİK The Rumelian poets play an important role in Classical Turkish Literature. Many of the poets' birth places that are mentioned in the biography (tezkire) are Rumelia. They leaded about some subjects and had contributions in Classical Turkish Literature. Writing shehrengiz is started by Rumelian poets in our literature. Divan poets used syllabic meter together with aruz meter while they were writing their poems. Syllabic meter in Classical Turkish Literature is started by Rumelian poets. Rumelian poets mentioned real beloveds and lovers in their poems more than the other poets. In this study, contributions of Rumelian poets to Classical Turkish Literature will be mentioned by giving examples. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14237 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14237 Engin ÇETİN In this work the concept of obedience has been examined in three great Orchon Inscriptıons such as Kültigin, Bilge Kağan and Tunyukuk. Some subjects such as the importance of obedience for Köktürk State and Turkish communities constituting the state; the place of the concept of obedience in government system; and the hierarchy of obedience have been dealed with. In this respect, words forming the semantic field of obedience and sub-fields of the concept of obedience have been evaluated in the aspects of meaning and meaning improvements they lived through. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14238 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14238 Zeki ÇEVİK Küçük Said Pasha, who were appointed as the Prime Minister of the Ottoman Empire seven times in the period of Sultan Abdulhamid II, and in total nine times in his all life, was certainly an important statesman. After a long period of experience in service of the state, Said Pasha, who were advanced in state serve by Abdulhamid II, has always been a preferred bureaucrat in the hard autocracy in practice. Even when he was not in service of the state, his opinions were always asked; and he was generally invited to serve for the state in its hard times. In such a time, he played a crucial role in various reforms aimed at the modernization of Turkey. In this paper, the following questions were comparably discussed in relation to the characteristics and understanding of reform of the Sultan: Why has the Sultan preferred Said Pasha as the prime minister? What were the main aspects of their (the Sultan's and the Pasha's) reformist characters? What were their significant accomplishments and failure? And finally, what were their perceptions of "Turk"? 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14239 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14239 Murat ÇİFTÇİ The Ottoman Empire was a state that she had a cosmopolitan cultural structure in which many ethnic groups lived together like those in other empires. However, this structure was not valid for every part of the Empire. Statistical Applications show that 1/7 of population lived in the places where had a cosmopolitan ethno – cultural structure and 1/3 population lived in the places where had dual ethno – cultural structure, and 5/3 of the population lived in the places where had mono ethno - cultural structure. Nevertheless, the statistical analyses indicate that this ethnic composition did not have a connection with economic development in places where were in the outside of Istanbul. In the other words, ethno – cultural structure shaped with historical process and settlement policies rather than with economy. Furthermore, that the cities located in the borders of today’s Turkish Republic had heavily mono and had partly dual dominant ethno cultural structure made the constitution of nation-state easy. By means of this mono-ethnic estate, the appropriation of the principle of secularism and the use of Turkish as educational language sufficed to achieve national structure. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14240 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14240 Bekir ÇINARLeman KARAHAN This study, has been prepeared for examining the advertisement texts creativities and artistic language particularities especially for literary arts. For this reason spoken, written and visual media advertisements has been used. Which media groups will publish this sample advertise ments has been confirmed. The literary arts published in the advertisements have been defined shortly then with this work how much literary arts has been used in the advertisement will be shown you. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14241 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14241 Sezai COŞKUN Erdem Bayazıt is one of the most important Turkish poets in Turkish literature. He had an important role especially in 1960’s. İn his poem, Erdam Bayazıt deals with the issues of human being’s becoming alienated to himself, enviroment and history in modern life. Bayazıt thinks that modernism disposes to human soul. According to him modern cities are one of that places which disposes the human soul. We study human’s state in modern cities in this article. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14242 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14242 Tuna BEŞEN DELİCE In the field of all Turkish languages suffix lA takes different place from other suffixes because of it’s frequent use. There are more than 1000 verbs which derived by suffix –lA and its enlarged patterns in Turkoman Turkish too. In this study, all verbs which derived by suffix –lA determined by scanning the most comprehensive dictionary of Turkoman Turkish “Türkmen Dilinin Sözlügi” and all these verbs classified in respect of their functions. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14243 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14243 Şener DEMİREL Nature is one of the main topics of Diwan Poetry and it is also accepted as the inspiration sources of poets. The explanations of poets related to nature are mainly seen in cases of symbolist and sometimes impressionistic perceptions depending on the existing circumstances. Poems which have been written on the various pecularities of nature have also been created by many wealthy and colourful imaginations and as a consequence of that perceptions they have been appeared. The most valuable and noticeable factors of nature such as rose, tulip, hyacinth and cypress (flowers and plants) are tackled as the beauty impressionists towards lovers. As it is pointed through the passage, Erguvan (Judas Tree) is one of the mentioned flowers upwards is pinky nearly to reddish colour and it is the main topic of this study. Erguvan (Judas Tree) has been the inspiration source of Diwan Poetry and it is mainly mentioned about lovers’ lips, cheeks and face and also many other various and colourful connotations. It has taken its mystical value from the colourful world of Diwan Poetry because of those charateristics. Throughout this work, firstly the name, meaning, colour and beliefs of Erguvan will be shortly determined and evaluated and then it will be tried to show in what imaginations and connotations poets have written their poems through the selected poems of Diwan will be clear. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14244 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14244 Mehmet DEMİRYÜREK The Vakf-ı Nükûd (money foundations) were established in the Ottoman Empire in the XV. century. But these foundations were legalised by Şeyhülislam Ebüssuud Efendi in the XVI. century.These foundations were founded in Cyprus in the XVIII. and XVIII. centuries but we have not seen any detailed researches about the positions of these foundations. In addition to, there are not any researches or knowledge about these foundation, in the early of XIX. century. Acccording to the records of Kadi’s Court in Nicosia, these foundations were founded in the early of XIX. century, too. These foundations were founded by one person or a group.These persons determined the conditions of working of Vaqf and they were registered in the records of Kadi’s Court, by Kadi. The aim of this study is to reveal the money foundations (vakf-ı nükûd) which founded in the earyl of XIX. century, their legal statutes’, the conditions of foundations, the goals of foundations and their methods of working. We will, also compare these foundations with the other money foundations that founded in the Ottoman Empire and avaluate our findings. We will use the records of Kadi’s Court in Nicosia, in our study. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14245 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14245 Meral DEMİRYÜREK Bandits have always existed in most areas of the world. Nowadays we know the names of some of them. However since Eric Hobsbawm wrote his famous research book about bandits, they have become the main subject of historians, filmmakers, scenarists and literateurs. The bandits gained a great fame that they were the subject of some plays and poems when they were alive. In 1894, the event of bandits occurred in Cyprus. They were known as Hasan Polias. They had lived as fugitives for about 15 months. During this time the Cyprus Government applied some special measures, such as to enact new laws, to increase the number of police force and to imprison the friends and supporters of the fugitives. Finally, they were captured, judged and hanged. But they were so influential that two poems about their activities were written and published. One of the poems was written by Christodoulos Tsiapouras. The second poem belonged to Hafız Cemal. Both poems were published in 1996. The aim of this study is to reveal the effects of this event on Cypriots and the literature of Cyprus by comparing these two poems. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14246 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14246 Emine DİNGEÇ As gift exchange in the New Year became a common custom around the world in our time, it was an old tradition for the Turkish people. According to the old Turkish culture, the new year begins at 21th of March. It was celebrated with joy and happiness among the people. Gift exchange was an important part of this celebration as strengthening the relations and amity in the society. This tradition can be noticed in the Ottoman palace. Nevruz (a holiday celebrated at the vernal equinox) was celebrated in the Ottoman palace and expansive gifts were presented to the some of the palace officials. Among these officials, Hekimbaşı (Sultan's chief physician) who prepares special macun (compound) called Nevruziye for the new year and müneccimbaşı (the chief astrologer of the Ottoman sultan) who arranges the new calender were the two who regularly receives special gifts from the sultan. On the other hand, the sultan himself received gifts from the prominent figures in the palace such as viziers, kaptan paşa, governors, yeniçeri ağası. Among the gifts the horses specially called “Hediye-i Nevruziye” were the most favorite. Undoubtedly, using the tradition of gift exchange for political maneuvers in the palace was common incident. According to the Ottoman palace custom, most of the gifts were registered. This paper is about the reflections of an old Turkish tradition of gift exchange in the Ottoman palace. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14247 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14247 Hüseyin DOĞRAMACIOĞLU Ahmet Vefik Pahsa perhaps with a technique to create the beginning of modern translations of the language has earned Moliére’s works to our language. He has adapted some drama of Moliére and translated some of them samely. Thus, the adaptations he had earned to Turkish, were structured suitable for Turkish culture and traditions. The author has synthesized the culturel values of us with the some values of French culture in a line of universal values. He had accomplished to our society which accustomed to traditional theatrical presentations, make laugh and think at the same time with French comedy. By taking the example of this attitude of Vefik Pasha be adapted to today. Text, in recent years, are not subject to any criteria when foreign language translation of literary works. Thus, the parts that has destructed on our culture and psychology of youth can be transferred to Turkish when transferring with art. But literary translation is an art work. Moreover, a translator to be aware of to the cultural values and must be a good educators. However, the path to follow Vefik Pasha’s literary works in translation, can be offered as a solution to the translation problems. He has combined the Turkish - French national values in the common denominator making cultural synthesis in the adaptation transferred to our language from French. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14248 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14248 Mitat DURMUŞ In this study I try to analyze the relations between words and objects in the poetry of Melih Cevdet Anday, and I try to analyze the relations between poetry and words, and poetry and meaning; some intertextual points have been discussed. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14249 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14249 Oğuzhan DURMUŞ In order to write a historical grammar of Chuvash Language, it is needed to be loyal to the historical progress of this language. Up to now, the middle and modern Bulgarian periods of Chuvash Language have been defined with its outlines. However, the studies related to the New Bulgarian period unfortunately aren’t sufficient enough. The writing available is the first of the literary sources series which is the second part of New Bulgarian Turkish Period Sources Series aiming to present the sources of this period for the purpose of being a basis for the language studies belonging to the New Bulgarian of Chuvash Language. This six-line poem published in 1796 has been accepted as the beginning of the Chuvash Literary Language. The original text, the modern Chuvash Language version, its transcription and converted form of the Turkish version are given. In addition to that, an index of the text has been given and language features have been assessed as well. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14250 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14250 Meryem EKER Quoted words are too few in Orkhon Turkic. However, in the period of Uygur Turkic quoted words have increased fairly in Turkish by the effect of different religions and cultures. Arabic and Persian words as defined “Eastern descent Words” have gained intensity in Turkish after Turks accepted Islam. To use a word in proverbs by people of the culture circle and adoption should be used for many years. Arabic and Persian words are used from immemorial time in Turkish, our language was also included in proverbs. During this study we has also benefited from the work Yazılı Türkçenin Kelime Sıklığı Sözlüğü of İlyas Göz. So, we have discussed proverb creatıng status of common highest-frequency seven words of eastern orıgın. 7 words of 27 common highest-frequency quoted words of Arabic and Persian used in proverbs. This case shows that human, world, man, money, government, too, every words have been adopted and reflected to life despite the quoted words. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14251 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14251 Ülkü ELİUZ The point of view and narrator are some of the structure elements which determine and shape the fiction in texts which are based on the principle of narration. Narrator who is the displaying of author in text is an imaginative identity and narration is fictioned according to his/her viewpoint. This structure element which points at the situation/location of narrator in work of art, belogs to fiction of text and world of expression in level of discourse. The deep relation between the appearances of viewpoint, narrator and the i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14252 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14252 Erdoğan KELEŞ An intense migrant movement started after Russia was defeated in Crimean War (1853-1856) and headed towards to Caucasian Turks. At begining Ottoman State did not determined a settlement policy because of unexpectedly quite number of immigrants. However, as the numbers of immigrants increased each day, it became a necessity to establish new settlement areas. A commission was again set up for new set in regularly and all the works started to be controlled by the center. Among the settlement areas, which were established in this regulation, was Menteşe sanjack, where immigrants were send from time to time. In this study, we tried to bring up the issue of immigrants, which were settled in Menteşe Sanjack and the problems they confronted during their settlement. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14253 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14253 Mehtap ERDOĞAN Müstezad is a type of verse’s name independenty but however there are examples of müstezad that is united with different typies of verses. Ali Ferruh’s poem which he wrote with verse of terci-i bend-müstezad in his achievement called Şâyân … one of them. With 99 couplets it is the longest müstezad which has made firm until today. İn this verse there is no one theme from begining to end, there are different themes in every bend. Tevhid, münacat, love, beloved are themes of müstezads. But Ali Ferruh has give place to some sentimental and intellectual depression which he lived in his poet as different. İn this work it is informed about Ali Ferruh it is introduced his achievement called Şâyân and aforesaid poet which takes part in this achievement and text of poem is given. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14254 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14254 Ali EROL Azerbaijan has seen numerous conflicts of interests throughout history on account of its strategic location, underground and other natural sources, economic potential and political connections. This condition reflects itself in cultural works; and thus epic discourses have played an important role in the formation of Azerbaijani literature. The Azerbaijani literature went through a phase depicting the psyhocology of war together with the outbreak of Karabag War at the end of the 20th c. All the tangible and intangible losses and damages were reflected in detail in the literary works of the era. These works are particularly important in that they are not only literary works but also documents picturing all the events and experiences Azeri poets need to cry out. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14255 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14255 Özlem FEDAİ In this study, the effects of space on the human psyche will be discussed with examples, with two members of the “Yedi Meş'ale” community Ziya Osman Saba and place in thought and poetry Sabri Esat Siyavuşgil’s a sense of belonging to be evaluated. 1930's and 40’s against National poetry directed to the i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14256 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14256 Nurettin GEMİCİ With westernization and increased bigotry reaching the level of western countries, it manifested itself in each area differently, with the Tanzimat the progress (westernization) became faster. The schools were no longer employed by members of the military, but ordinary citizens, who also became teachers after academics were employed. The author whose real name was Moiz Kohen, but known as Munis Tekinalp, esearched the adoption of a German teaching system at he Darülfünun and Turkish militaries. He researched the way of life of German students, scientists, and military personnel; his results were discussed in two different cience magazine articles. These articles covered the way of life of the students and military personnel, detailing every aspect, right down to the nuts & bolts (nitty gritty....slang) of their lives, literally. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14257 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14257 Erkan GÖKSU With the policy he followed Ala al-Din Kayqubad managed to keep Anatolia away from the Mongolian Invasion which tyrannized the Fore Asia thoroughly. Ghiyath al-Din Kaykhusraw II, his son and the successor, could not maintain this policy after his father’s death. The weakness in the administration of the state emerged in the rebel of the Babais, and the Mongols took the advantage of it. Therefore they attacked Anatolia. The Mongols under the command of Baycu Noyan marched towards Erzurum after entering Anatolia with the army of 30 thousand soldiers. The siege which started in a fall of 1242 lasted for two months. At the end they captured the city and the city was subjected to the worst pillage, genocide and destruction of its history. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14258 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14258 Ali GÖÇER The purpose of this study is to assessment in terms of certain variables the attitude connected with target language of the high school students who teaching Turkish as a foreign language. At the study was used Foreign Language Attitude Scale that was developed by Briem (1974) and was made validity and reliability by Corbin and Chiachiere (1995) as a data collection instrument. The scale has been translated into Turkish and alpha reliability coefficient of this scale has been found as .88. The participant are 314 students (from 27 countries) who learning Turkish in Germirli İmam Hatip High School in Kayseri-Turkey. 314 students’ responses were studied. The data were analysed using means, standard deviation, Tukey and t-test. Also the success situation of the students was defined according to mean of marks in the Turkish Language at the end of semester. According to the space of 0-44 was accepted ‘not success’; the space of 45-100 was accepted ‘success’. This study showed that students’ who take Turkish as a foreign language attitude differ in term of nationality, the purpose of learning Turkish, and success status in Turkish language, but there is difference their degree. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14259 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14259 Hüseyin GÜFTA The essence of 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14260 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14260 Gürkan GÜMÜŞATAM In this study, that was emphasized on fifteenth century medical books Tertib-i Mualece for expression and the presence of words. In this century, are evaluated about a medical book subject and expression connections. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14261 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14261 Bayram GÜNDOĞDU Both Mehmet Akif and Bahtiyar Vahabzade are exceptional personalities that were grown by two brother countries. Not only in the field of poetry they had their names written in golden letters, also their worldviews draws attention. Bahtiyar Vahabzade, despite of having grown in Azerbaijan in the period of Soviet Union, had remarkable thoughts about Turkey and Turkish Literature. Especially, his thoughts about Mehmet Akif are noteworthy. As Bahtiyar Vahabzade’s poems and articles, written in the last 25 years, are analyzed, the effects of M. Akif could be seen predominantly. B. Vahabzade has admired not only Akif’s personality but also his arts. As a poet, he appreciated his colleague from a different view. In this study, the thoughts of Vahabzade about Mehmet Akif have been addressed. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14262 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14262 Rifat GÜRGENDERELİ Edirne hand-made broom, which was formerly used in the Edirne daily life as an important cleaning tool, has presently lost its function due to the technological advances, and has become a handicraft and a souvenir advertising Edirne culture. This article argues the verb “to sweep” in the historical process and the noun “a broom/besom” in terms of its word structure, and expresses them within the concept of vernacular language. Besides, the broom terms used in making brooms in Edirne have been classified and studied according to their production and utilization fields. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14263 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14263 Abdullah HARMANCI Short story that is one of the most important types of Turkish Literature started to rise qualitatively and quantitatively especially by the 1990s and type of short story was greatly shown interest by our authors. With Adam Öykü Journal, publications have been made approximately for ten years and during fifty-eight editions between years 1995 – 2005, achieved great success to gain young authors in our literature and published considerable translations in the theory of short story that was a lack especially in Turkish. Bibliography of Adam Öykü that is as worthy as a treasure for short-story writers, short story readers and researchers shall ease the utilization from journal. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14264 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14264 Dilek HERKMEN The verb yençeleş- which was collected from Anatolian dialects, takes place in present sources in different shapes. This word that underwent vowel changes is a derived form of yañşa- verb which has been seen since old Turkish period. In this study, the analysis of verb yençeleş- is indicated with it’s forms in historical texts. It was confirmed that, the verb yençeleş- had been derived from an onomatopoeic word root yañ. Also the other derivatives of that root were shown in this study. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14265 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14265 Nadir İLHAN It may be not possible to determine how and when some of the adjuncts came into existence. But we can follow the existences, the changes of some of the adjuncts which are still being used in nowadays Turkish and say some of them are formed of words and some of them are formed with the combination of prefix+ root and root+ suffix, thanks to the historical texts in hand. It is seen that with the combination of suffixes and roots there can be formed new adjuncts which have new functions. It is seen that some of the adjuncts are formed with the combination of an adjunct and a word which completed the period of becoming an adjunct subject to the ones which are formed with the combination of a word and an adjunct which hasn’t completed the peiod of becoming an adjunct or vise versa. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14266 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14266 Birol İPEK In this article, sound changes occurring in foreign borowings within the dialects of Elazığ city have been discussed. In the study, it has been tried to be put forward that whether the foreign borrowings in the dialects of Elazığ city have undergone what types of sound changes as different from the Turkish written language. Thus sound changes of these words occurred within the process of being Turkish have been stated by classifying them one by one. Sound changes in foreign borrowings have been 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14267 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14267 Ogtay JALİLBEYLİ In the article, the category of affix in japanese language is looked through according to the context of monography “The grammar of contemporary Japanese language ” (1986) by great soviet and russian japanese critic I.V.Golovnin. In japanese language, the grammatical affix category is given in appropriate morphological forms and their meanings are expressed by certain verbs from original japanese texts. The translations of these text into azerbaijanian language, the surroundings of use of these categories, the ways of their expressions and meanings in azerbaijanian language give us certain imagination as well. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14268 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14268 M. Fatih KANTER Yaprak Dökümü is a novel treating the dimensions of social disintegration in the modernisation process of Turkish society within the context of family (institution). Values that have been lost parallel to social change, are reflected by taking Ali Rıza Bey and his family as a model. In the novel, reflection of the change process to the i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14269 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14269 Vedat KARADENİZŞaban ÇELİKOĞLU, Erdal AKPINAR Gökgöl Cave is over the fifth kilometers of Ankara-Zonguldak highway, at the entrance of Zonguldak. From administrative perspective, the cave is in the boundaries of Erçek neighborhood of Zonguldak city. Gökgöl Cave is a kind of a semi-full active cave in horizontal direction. In the formation of the cave which was developed in Visean aged limestones, not only lithostratigraphic features but also an east and west sided fault has made contribution. The cave, formatted with Pliocene eroded surfaces, whose around were 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14270 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14270 Burcu İlkay KARAMAN Contronymy, which has often been described as paradigmatic sense-relations of opposition and exclusion (horizontal relations) at the micro-level, occurs when a minimum of two senses of a lexical unit contrast each other semantically. So far, studies have focussed on contronymy in German and English and have revealed that we may actually be dealing with a phenomenon which must be existing in many more languages as it seems that this is a universal linguistic feature of all natural languages. Thus, it will be interesting to scrutinize whether or not contronymy exists also in Turkish with its five different types. Therefore, this paper mainly focuses on contronymy in Turkish and the different types with relevant examples. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14271 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14271 Evren KARATAŞ It is known that French Revolution in 1789 is a turning point in respect to Women’s movements. In Turkey from the Constitution Period it has seen that women are more active in public area and they gain various rights. In the acceleration of this process the effect of the Modernization is very big. These developments in social area also affected the literary field.İt is possible to carry the concept of the female writers/poets to the centuries before by considering the facts of anonymous tradition in folk literature and the female poets in Divan Literature. However, it is also known that in Turkish literature the female writers have been more active since 19 th century beginning from Mrs.Fatma Aliye. After the proclamation of the Republic, the number of the female writers in our literature has increased gradually together with Halide Edip Adıvar and the female sensitibility has started to be felt in Turkish novel. By the time when the feminist movement makes its effects felt in our country, as it is in the whole world, the female writers made a quantum leap both in terms of quantity and quality. Beginning from that time, like their male colleagues, the female writers also dealed with social subjects, mainly the social disorders the counrty faced. After the putsch in 1980, it is seen that the novel moves away from the social subjects and puts i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14272 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14272 Hüseyin KAYHAN Hızır Bey and his brother Umur Bey ruled Aydinogullari principality jointly between 1334 and 1348. Following the death of Umur Bey, Hızır Bey faced several problems on different fronts. Nevertheles, he coped well with the problems he faced. Relations with Byzantium, commercial agreements made with the Genoese and Venetians to open a breach among the crusader states were two policies that had important consequences. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14273 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14273 Şevkiye KAZANGökay YILDIZ Every culture has its own combination of rules and values. These rules and values are born of the history and cultural heritage of the place or city in which they originate. Therefore, to understand the cultural foundation of a city, it is important to review what is known of that city’s folk culture. Throughout history, the products of folk culture aid in its acceptance and the aesthetic qualities of these products encourage appreciation of the artistic abilities of that culture. Burdur is a city which maintains both natural beauty and the rich cultural history of the Teke Region, and Burdur has expertly managed to maintain both over the course of time. Burdur, at its heart, has a strong cultural identity which brings to life Turkish cultural expression and national values which are thousands of years old. The foundation of our research is based around the cultural values that we share, and in unveiling and analyzing these cultural values, we begin to understand why Burdur is such a vibrant and wonderful place in which we are happy to live. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14274 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14274 Caner KERİMOĞLU The category of causativeness is generally studied as a morphological category in Turkey grammar writing. However, the causative forms of some verbs cannot be expressed by morphological elements. In addition to this, some verbs have different causative forms according to their meanings. For these reasons, it is controversial that this categoriy is only a morphological category. Other causativeness expressions in Turkish also should be studied. In this article, it is emphasized that the causativeness can be also expressed by lexicological and syntactic elements. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14275 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14275 Miyase KOYUNCU KAYA In Ottoman Empire the artisans are representatives of the productor section of the cities. From raw materials to the product at the hand of consumers all process of production have been uder the control and inspection of both the state and the guilds. In this study the activities and problems of tanners tried to be studied as an example of Ottoman artisans. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14276 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14276 Baktygul KULAMSHAEVA Narrative instances of the text appear to be the most important for the narratologists who approach to the narrative linguistically. The narrator who has been charged with a task “put into words”, that is, tasked with presenting the literary communication linguistically is the main narrative instance within the text level. And his receiver level in this instance is narratator. This term is coined by an American narratologist G. Prince (1973а, 1973b). The main narrative level of the inner, represented world of the narrative, which is one of the six instances of the communication level, is fictional author, namely narrator (the term we prefer) is the role invented and accepted by the author, i.e. it is fiction. Fictional author can overlap with the notions of story teller and narrator. Different types of the narrator have been revealed according to the fact that the narrator appears in the narrative text in various forms as explicit-implicit, personal-impersonal, overt-covert, omniscient-limited, primary-secondary-tertiary, diegetic-non-diegetic and according to the perspective. In this context determination of the borders of the above named concepts will be helpful in defining the position of the narrator according to the narration form of the narrative; in making a classification in accordance with this definition, and in clarification of the notion narrator in the branch of narratology. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14277 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14277 Abdullah KÖK In this study, I have deal with pray text, which dates to us from the Krymchaks from Turkish Kıpchak. You can see some information about Krymchak such as their ethnicity, their language and their religion before the pray text. One of the prays text, which existed in the oral ethnicity of Krymchaks and reached to our lives, transcribed to Turkiye turkish and it was indexing. The language properties and the language of the Krymchaks were extracted from this pray text. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14278 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14278 Ercan KÖKSAL In this study it is aimed to introduce a poet who is consistently remembered by his novels, and his poems which are always thrown out background. Abbas Sayar has an important place in our literature not just because of his novels but also the poems which he wrote. In this study it will be focused on the elements which have influence upon Abbas Sayar’s poems and the sources which the poem benefited from in his works. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14279 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14279 Salim KÜÇÜK One of the richnesses of the Turkish language is the coat colors and markings of the horses. However, it’s not possible to talk about a similarity while giving names to these coat colors and markings in written sources and this makes it difficult to classify them and also the Works of the researchers. In this study it’s aimed to anayze the coat colors and markings in written sources from the beginning to nowadays by categorizing the coat colors first and then determining the main markings. Not only historical Turkish dialects but also contemporary Turkish dialects have been made use of for a perfect determination of the coat colors and markings to show their historical developments. In the study, it is noticed that horse coat colors and markings have been taken place more in the written works of the Middle Age Turkish rather than the age of Ancient Turkish. Especially Divanü Lûgati’t-Türk is a rich literary work on this subject. The two other dictionaries named Derleme and Tarama in contemporary Turkish are also richer than the ones used in Karahanli period. Turkish used in Turkey today differentiates from both its historical dialects and up-to-date dialects with this aspect. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14280 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14280 İlknur TATAR KIRILMIŞ Yaşar Nezihe Bükülmez, who lived in 1882-1971,generally wrote poems and in a limited numbers of assays.She also had two published works.While the sentimentality,which she transferred to her poems from feeding her own life,was being forgotten short after her period, a few socialist contents poems in her poetry had been her respect,which perpetuated until today.In this work,Yaşar Nezihe Bükülmez’s life,works and the reality at first woman poet characterization were searched and it was believed that she was not a socialist. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14281 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14281 Recai KIZILTUNÇ White, which means “hoar, egg white, whiteness; soft” is a collection of poems selected by the wellknow poets of Arabian peninsula, Middle Asia and Iran. Though anthology has similarities with poetry magazines and periodicals, it is totally different in terms of form and content. In white, the selected poem is merely given and the name of the poet is mentioned at the end of the work and in the table of contents. In addition to this, there are important records given such as the dates of birth and death and marriage; and same examples like mottos, selected prose samples and various folk tales are presented. This literary work, which was treated by the Arabian poet Ebu Temmâm, has been commonly used in Iran, Middle Asia, Afghanistan and İndia since 15th century. The whitwes, until 17th century, which consisted of Persian-Tajik poets poems, started to be consisted of the translated poems of the Jagatai(Çağatay), Azerbaijani, Anatolian and western poets. This literary work which carries the characteristics of the geography where it is written has schools spesific to itself. Whitism, which had its brightest period in 18th and 19th century, is a crucial source which creates an access to the Works of local poets or especially the poets who did not have “Divan”. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14282 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14282 Saadet MAMEDOVA The religious model of the world is focused on the theological description of a birth, existence and destruction of the Universe, societies, the person.Therefore, studying of process of historical development from the religious point of view represents scientific interest and urgency. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14283 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14283 Mehmet Vefa NALBANT Quran translations in terms of the history of the Turkish language are important works. We're working on Koran exegesis which have mixed-language informational feature. In this exegesis of the Quran have a examples related to vocal derivations. Both in these work and in the Kipchak dialects derivation of vocals suggests as a for differential feature for this Turkish dialectal groups. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14284 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14284 Elif ÖKSÜZ GÜNEŞ Time is a process of limiting existential spaces by 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14285 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14285 Kürşat ÖNCÜL Word is a part of the whole meaning within a structure in the language of ideas. Concrete elements of various elements other than human beings in a living thought and expression properties that carry the "saying" is not an abstract concept known as adopteda at fame. Accepted meaning of this prayer and curse to win, başlantılı way to avoid negative comments of the i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14320 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14320 İlknur ÖNOL, Turkish Cypriot Literature has appeared to develop for the last fifthy years and come out as an independent literature. As the Turkish Cypriot intellectuals go through a struggle of existance, they could not establish a strong contact with the World and European Literature; besides, they have tried to follow ancient and current World and Eurepean writers from time to time. Dante Alieghieri who is an Italian poet of 13 th-14th century, is one of those writers. One might think that Shakespeare or some other British writers might have affected the Turkish Cypriot writers as the Cypriot Turks have lived under the British colonial administration for a long time. However, when a number of approximate 170 poem books that are published from 1920s through current day are investigated, it is seen that Turkish Cypriot poets and writers refered to Dante by various means, and used similar motives inspiring from ”Inferno“ chapter of Divina Commedia. It is also identical in Turkish Literature. Rauf Raif Denktaş, Semih Sait Umar, Pembe Marmara, Aydın Adamoğlu, Fikret Demirağ, Özbil Bedri, Zeki Ali, Özker Yaşın, Hatice İntaç, Feriha Altıok, Taner Baybars are some of those Turkish Cypriot writers and poets who are inspired from Dante. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14286 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14286 Çimen ÖZÇAM Do away with (someone's) family in the meaning of ruin someones’s household, destroy somebody’s family is very common idiom. Fig tree, growing up by itself between the ruined walls at the housetops of old buildings. This idiom identifying “ruin” with “fig”, associating these two each , settled and remained in the language. Why not another tree but fig tree? There are two stories ragarding this. One of them is with the planted fig tree into house, the extraordinary creatures believed to live under the fig tree, make households life miserable. The second one is fig tree whose roofs are long and durable, in the much need of water, in the pronsity to expan fast to the area where water is. Especially in rural areas at the gardens of abandoned houses; bottom of chimneys spontaneously self-grown fig trees are seen. The birds that are eating the fruits of fig-tree and dropping the pollen in to ground and leading growth of a huge tree in time is is pointed as a reason. Besides the figurative meaning, this idiom carries a real meaning and therefore it explains not to plant fig tee nearby the houses. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14287 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14287 Fatih ÖZEK The fact that the first long wovels are shortened in the Oguz Turkish dialects expect Turkmen Turkish is the most common thought. In the standart Turkey Turkish the first long wovels are also shortened. However, the studies which started in the second half of the twentieth century and the studies Turkey Turkish has been preserved even if it is rare. These studies are very important beacuse they are seen in the Oguz Turkish dialect group except Turkmen Turkish. Our study comprises of the Arapkir town of the province Malatya. We found out some words with the first long wovel in the studies we did in this area. We made a list of these words that we found in the conclusion part of our study. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14288 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14288 Mehmet ÖZEREN Altaic Turkish has been under the influence of Mongolian and Russian for long years. Especially, from the beginning of the 19th century, it has been connected with Russian and as a result of this connection, in addition to taking vocabulary it has also done concept translations from Russian. In this study, the concept translations taken from Russian’s colloquial language by Altaic Turkish are given under several titles with their reasons and characteristics. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14319 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14319 Elza SEMEDLİ, In this research, we will speak about the thoughts of the tireless defender of the Turkic Union Ali bay Huzeynzadeh on the Turkic Language. As it is known, the XX century was a period of rapid changes of sociopolitical tension, disorders, events both in Azerbaijan and geographical regions where Turks live. These disorders and rapid changes of affected the formation of literary language. Enlighteners, media members of that period played a special role in this process. The agenda was in which language and dialect Turk nations should write. The opinions were different. Some intellectuals were supporters of the Ottoman dialect, others suggested the local dialects. Ali bay Huseynzadeh told that all dialects are perfect and defended common opinion. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14289 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14289 Ahmet Turan SİNAN Idioms that have an important place in a language exist as ready word patterns. It has always been emphasized that Turkey Turkish has plentiful idioms. It can even be said that colorful side of idiom structures has directed many researchers to this field. Idiom structures can change and sometimes they can disappear by losing their liveliness in parallel with the change and development of society. We see this talented word combination in the language structure showing each concept’s indications. Short structures, idioms, are also the sings of human’s tendency to convert the meaning in shortcut way. The signs which come together and form idiom as a result of creativeness of language are idioms gain meaning as a whole. Vocabularies are structured with or without affixes. The situation special to word-combinations emerges. The factors constructing the idioms can not be changed due to this structure. However, word changes at the beginning and in the middle of some idioms can be seen. Even if idioms are structured, it is seen that they replace with another word related in meaning sometimes at the beginning of the words, in the middle or at the end. It is also seen that, in idioms ending with infinitive, the words except verbs can change. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14290 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14290 Yusuf Ziya SÜMBÜLLÜ Being an attitude of mind, perception and living, culture is one of the most important factors that distinguishes a society from the others. Having an indisputable importance for the assurance of national unity and integrity and for preservation and perpetuation of the national values, culture is grateful to our troubadours who perpetuate, preserve and try to transfer it to the next generations as the cultural messengers. In this study, we have aimed at bringing you together with Âşık Memduh Kılıç, one of these cultural messengers in our study. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14291 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14291 Süleyman EROĞLUŞükrü Baştürk , Mustafa Uluocak , Hatice Şahin How important is research which is related to the Anatolian dialects that is one of many well-known. It is one of the well-known topics that researches which are related to Anatolian dialects have major importance. Many of compilation studies has been made in different areas of Anatolian hitherto, general features of language has been propounded, though based on the available material regarding the ethnic composition of the region have been tried to reach conclusions the same situation have not valid to the dialects area of the Bursa. The Bursa region indigenous dialects have not been deal with the dialect studies. Studies about region dialects do not exceed a few limited studies. Thus, as part of "The Bursa Indigenous Dialects Compiled Examining" project which is supported by the Uludag University and launched in 2006 compilation studies about Bursa dialects were initiated. In this article under the project content to set out the compiled and solved texts will be attempted to give general features of the Bursa indigenous dialects. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14292 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14292 İlkay ŞAHİN The Turks who moved to Amersfoort, a city in Holland, from Turkey in 1960s have built a migrant socio-cultural life and society in these living spaces in the course of the last half century. The economic movement of the 1960s has turned into a socio-cultural mobility together with the participation of woman as an actor in 2000s, and this has created a society in Amersfoort owning a typically social and cultural organization. Thus, in the same period which the female actor took part into the process, the Turks created a migrant Turkish society having owned a distinctive social structure and cultural field of meaning in Amersfoort. This study aims at investigating the sample of the Turks having left from the town of Bogazliyan and settled in Amersfoort as a socio-cultural action creating a migrant socio-cultural life. The experience beginning as a demographic action with an economic motive was turned into migration by the woman will be evaluated under the light of data obtained from the sample of the migration from the town of Bogazliyan towards Amersfoort. Based on the thorough depth-interviews and participant observations made in the context of Turkish migrant society living in Amersfoort, the transformation of a demographic movement into a socio-cultural action in a way it will create a Turkish migrant society, and the woman as the essential actor of this transformation will be revealed. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14293 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14293 Seval ŞAHİN Gece was published in 1985, and drew attention with its peculiar style of its own. It is a novel like the night as its name implies. The night has uncertainty in it, because darkness doesn’t completely lighten things. There is always an element that isn’t lightened and stays in the darkness. Consequently, darkness is an element that prevents clearness. The absence of clearness brings two seen or supposed to be seen elements face to face. To be or to suppose leads to not being able to be certain, and this leads to uncertainty. What arises at this point is chaos. Therefore, Gece is a novel like the night. It has all the elements which belongs to the night. This article gives information about this interesting novel by Bilge Karasu. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14294 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14294 Veysel ŞAHİN Dede Korkut Stories, one of the richest heritages of our cultural history, deal with the symbolical voyage of the Turkısh Nation in general, and the people in the universal sense (tion) of the World. Dede Korkut Stories, one of the most important well-known places of the Turkish Culture, present the sacred destiny of the existence through the language of the archetypal symbols. In this study; we put forward the place of the Boğaç Han Story- entwisted with high conscious and a rich image- on the narrative plane with respect to its structure, thematic construction, the type of its language and narration. Boğaç Han Story is the first of the Dede Korkut Stories, and is a symbolically narrated micro-universe on transferring the values accepted sacred by Oğuz and on being comprehended to the next generations. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14295 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14295 Nurcan ŞENCafer ŞEN Istanbul mostly appears as a carnival place in Füruzan’s works. At this point, Istanbul is very appropriate and suitable place for coincidental encounters in the author’s works. Because, the representatives of the all social classes, groups, nationalities and religions are gathered in Istanbul. Extensional and temporal paths which are desired by people, in one extensional and temporal place, namely intersect each others in Istanbul. People, who were separated due to social and extensional distances in ordinary circumstances, meet in Istanbul accidentally. Oppositions are seen in Istanbul; the most different destinies collide and lay one within the other in Istanbul. In Füruzan’s works, extensional and temporal series which defines people’s destinies and lives in Istanbul not only come to a complex and concrete status because of the disappearance of the social distances but also unite with each other in different ways at the same time. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14296 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14296 Mustafa ŞENEL The elements of folk literature are hidden in details of music which is the most important source and carrier of richness in various regions of the country.The contribution of this attitude wording to the teaching of mother language in the works of artists comes true involuntarily. Simple melody, known prayer in our songs and folksongs undertake a task of teaching curses.This kind of teaching method is processed unconsciously in today’s popular songs. In this study, we example how the unspeakable consepts become a part of our lives via music by analysing folk songs and popular songs. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14297 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14297 Murat ŞENGÜL In this study, depending on social 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14298 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14298 Soyalp TAMÇELİK In societies history has an important role in gaining and teaching moral values. Since the social and political transformation on April 23, 2003 in Cyprus, all the education programs have started to be updated. The first product of these studies occurred in 2004 and the new programs which were prepared were put into effect by progressive stages. Hereby, the most important feature of the new education program about the history of Cyprus in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is that it is based on the Constructivist Theory. Another important feature is that the ongoing traditional lecture oriented education shift to student oriented education by the realization of the said active education principles. Consequently, while ‘history’ and ‘history education’ was used as war, animosity, hardness, pressure and fanaticism in the past in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, hereafter it turned into the understanding of ‘history for peace’. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14299 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14299 Muammer Mete TAŞLIOVA People in the life of each subject is covered in poems. Çorum is among the country's poetry field. Oral poetry tradition lives today in Çorum. Poetry from person to person reason to change. The important thing is technique, and the selected poems are about. Also known as masters to create your own style is required. Must be to create a continuity of tradition. This continuity also applies to Çorum. Çorum, is an important center for women minstrel and poets. Oral tradition has reached today with a change. The important thing is to follow the changes. Oral and written culture in different environments so is different in different periods of development. In the past century has changed many things in society. These arts also has changed. Comparative studies are therefore important. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14300 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14300 Melih TINAL The first degree earthquake zones of Turkey, İzmir and its vicinity have experienced many devastating earthquakes in a historical period. One of these earthquakes is the one of which happened on the 31st March, 1928 on Saturday, at 02.27, scale 6.5. The center of the earthquake causing fifty people to die is Torbalı. The earthquake making many people homeless gave rise to a great damage in İzmir, the trade center of the region in history. In the following of the earthquake, tense and painful process showed once again how helpless the human beings were against the natural disasters such as earthquake. Additionally, it also showed the difficulties encountered in helping the victims of the earthquake. With this article, it is aimed to make contribution to the earthquake history of Turkey, on the world’s important earthquake zone. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14301 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14301 Kadir ULUSOY That various methods and techniques are used in history education will earn this field values. For this reason, a research has been done due to use hermeneutic method in exquisite subjects being important in especially history lesson. The universe of the research consists of eight class students. Because of the difficulties to reach such student number, an example was chosen from the universe. 187 students participating in the research from 1 Arabic Primary School (60students), Altinsehir Primary School (44 students), Cumhuriyet Primary School (50 students) and Gazi Primary School (33 students) in the centre of Adiyaman consist of the example of the research. At the end of the research, it is seen that the levels of comprehending and interpreting the documents and the texts of the students are high but it is also seen that the students write the expressions with the judgments acquired from their lives about the texts and the documents given for them to read. These kinds of workings should be used more in history lessons and the students should interpret the documents and the texts without prejudgment. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14302 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14302 Hilmi UÇAN Modern/modernism and postmodern/postmoder- nism are very commonly used terms. The meanings of these concepts vary from place to place. J.Derrida, who is attaching a new meaning to the sign and especially advocating that signified may not be limited, proposed a new definition which is very different from F.de Saussure’s. J.Derrida’s deconstructionalistic point of view and his proposition for deconstructionalistic reading are the strong criticism of modernism. The form of interpretation in the postmodern discourse and narration takes its roots from Derrida’s definition of the sign. In this study, modernism and postmodernism concepts, and J. Derrida’s suggestion for deconstructionalistic reading and interpreting will be described. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14303 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14303 Seyit Battal UĞURLUMacit BALIK Dr. Selahattin Darvinoğlu, who is in the first one of the three generations that are told in Orhan Pamuk’s (b. 1954) second novel The House of Silence is an atypical and encyclopedist intellectual, who represents the positivist thinking which entered Turkish thinking and cultural history in the period when political reforms made in the Ottoman State in 1839. Darvınoğlu, who is conveyed by his wife, Fatma’s memories, represents Constitutional Monarchy and early Republican Period positivist Turkish Intellectual through an encyclopedia project which can’t become reality and the failure of his attempt for being a social engineer. The heritage of Dr. Selahattin is anatomized over the items that are full of symbolic meanings which emphasize the exility of the duty he sacrifices himself for: born from his relationship with his maid; two uneducated sons who were mutilated by his wife, with no future, a deceived wife who is fighting with the ghosts of the past and the encyclopedia which was burnt by this woman for revenge. His wife has been exposed to Selahattin’s scientific pressure and his betrayal, so she hasn’t been able to live her marriage properly. His two sons from the maid were mutilated by his wife and handicapped throughout the novel, consequently, unable to maintain his ideals and problematic in the aspect of lineage. The one- week- period when Selahattin’s grandchildren spend in Fatma’s village is described and it corresponds the time of September 12th period, when the chaotic setting because of the conflict between the two contrary sides in the society lasted. The barren effect of the new ‘vaccination’ which can be based on the period when political reforms made in the Ottoman State in 1839, but hasn’t been coincided with the basic dynamics of the society since the Constitutional Monarchy is discussed over this person who Pamuk codes about our political and cultural lives and reflects from an ironic distance. This criticism about the Turkish cultural history’s positivist thinking line, by means of the mentioned novel, problematizes the relationship between the intellectuals and the society. In this article, by focusing on Selahattin Darvınoğlu character’s intellectual profile who elapses from the Constitutional Monarchy to early Republican Period, in the novel The House of Silence; an analytical analysis is done about encyclopedia, positivism, social engineering and their socio-cultural consequences. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14307 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14307 Süleyman Kaan YALÇIN The primary long vowels mostly became shorter or left a variety of phonemic marks in Turkish languages and dialects while they were becoming shorter. In this study it will be emphasized that the primary long vowels are one of the basic of velarisation in Turkish. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14304 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14304 Serdar YAVUZ In this work we study on Karakeçilis and the dialect of Karakeçili which is a part of Turskishness and the dialects of Turkey Turkish in the light of “relations of language, bilingualism and language changing”. By using these concepts in the light of some data, to emphasize on the reasons for language changing and to determine the point of Karakeçili’s dialect in this process have formed the major aim of this work. After Karakeçili tribe, of which Ertuğrul Gazi was a member, came to Anatolia, they settled in Siverek (Şanlıurfa), Karakeçili (Kırıkkale), Söğüt (Bilecik) regions respectively. The language and the change of language of the geopraphy where they settled had very remarkable qualities. Some ballads of Karakeçili started to be sung in Kurdish language and Kurdish language was used as mother tongue in those ballads in time by ignoring its own language.In this work it is worked only on the “bilingualism and language changing” process and the cultural assimilation of Karakeçilis who forgot his own language and started using Kurdish. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14305 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14305 İlyas YAZAR Necati Bey(?-1509) is one of our most well known poets of Divan Literature. While he used the social life of his period as a material for his poems, he had also showed how he attached importance to Turkish language with his way of using it in these poems. The poet who had important contributions to the formation of classical 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14306 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14306 Nilüfer YILDIRIM Folk narratives, as for language, are the products of the common experiences. Narratives ascertain the agony, life style or pleasure of the society and therefore it is also flourished. They are inherited from generation to generation by means of language and above mentioned language is the main carrier of the cultural elements. However, the language emerges differently from these function. In folk narratives, there are also language functions that communicate the heroes. This language is constituted various symbolical expressions. The purpose of this study is to exemplify the symbolical communication language in folk narratives and give general information about the usages of symbolical functionof language. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14308 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14308 Ayfer YILMAZ Suzan Sözen is a popular novel writer of 1960’s. Anyone reading her novels carefully can realize that social matters are hidden in the lines of her books in which she narrates desperate love relations. It is possible to classify her eleven novels into two major groups considering theme, place and time. One of the groups consists of her popular novels in which she narrates love stories of protagonists who are chosen from daily life. Rahika (1949), Kiralık Ruh (Hired Spirit-1952), Sana Döneceğim (I will return to you-1954), Beni Unut (Forget me!-1958), Sahibini Arayan Kadın (The Woman seeking her owner-1959), Aşk Mektupları (Love Letters-1959), Sanera (1959), İlahlar Affetmez (Gods never forgive) are novels of this kind. The other group comprises her popular novels that are about historical characters and events. Siyah Zambak (Black Lily-1962), Batmayan Güneş (The Unsetting Sun-1963), Unutulan Yemin (The Forgotten Vow-1967) can be listed in this group. In both group of novels the author puts i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14309 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14309 Mehmet YILMAZ In this study the minstrel of Yusuf and Zuleyha written by Hamdullah Hamdi was dealed in the view of Axel olrik’s epic rules. While evaluation of Mesnevi’s epic character, Turkish folk stories and Turkish legends were taken into consideration. At the end of research we saw that the epic quality of the poetry was very rich and Hamdi used the various sources to stay active readers and listeners as if he was teller of a story or a legend. Hamdi behaved like a epic narrator and minstrel who suggested the products of folk literature. In this view, the writer is very close to the traditions of folk literature. In such comparative studies on minstrels, similarities between different traditions of Turkish folk literature will be obvious. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14310 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14310 Yücel YİĞİT On XVIII and XIX Centuries, modernization and nationalism had started in spreading with acceleration and had caused holistic nature with the cracks and distinctions between the east-west, also this situation over time had become downright deep. The unrest that started in this century, continued until World War II. Founded after the 1878 Berlin Congress, Prizren Union Society had intended to establish an independent state by being feed up with nationalism, in Albanian geography. Prizren Union Society, by discarding itself from the first decision of the society foundation, had gained power after became the locomotive of nationalism among the Albanians. However, as it was known at the beginning Prizren Union Society was not in the mood of establishing a free state, also even they didn’t want to part from Ottoman Empire. Despite the uncertainty and incapability on society ideas, Prizren Union Society could achieve to start Albanian national awakening and further more, had prepared the ground for Albanian’s separation from Ottoman Empire as being a free state at 1913. During this period, Britain, Russia, Austria-Hungary and Italy, such a large states, had even opened consulates in Prizren to follow the events closely. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14311 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14311 Zehra YİĞİT Mentality is defined as the implicit reference system of a group. Concrete data that mentality shows itself in reveal in wide areas like attitudes, opinions, life style, morals; therefore, the frame of the mentality in that group, its “portrait” like Ülgener said, can be described when these areas are examined. It is confirmed that another one of the significant areas mentality reading made is the artistic production of that country such as literature, art and cinema. Artistic production especially cinema, reflects the society that they live in; on the other hand, they hold the influence in certain conditions. Furthermore, artists incorporate the mentality of the time and society that they live in; therefore, movies have the characteristic of the mentality in the society where they belong to. The characteristics of this frame can be confirmed with mentality reading, the mentality in that era can be revealed. It is aimed to make mentality reading in the movie called Kabadayı in this study. Sociological method is applied in the film analysis, and theoretical structure is based on anthropology, sociology and history. The movie called Kabadayı incorporates numerous elements, belonging to the habit of mind in Anatolian society, in the reciprocity of ancient and neo in its narration. Consequently, filmic narration bears the stamp of mentality that belongs to the era and society. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14312 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14312 Cavanşır YUSİFLİ The comedy of Azerbaijan consists, as a literary text of various signs, cultural and social layers. All life of the ethnos, its contradictions, attitude towards the reality, the events being subjected simultaneously to laughter and mourning, flow from infinity to infinity inside this text, i.e. the signs that are active in the ethnic-cultural system. The comedy of Azerbaijan is rich by its content and structure, the space inside this text is large for application of different investigation methods. The comedy of Azerbaijan is formed within a period of our history, when the vision angle of the nation through the literature is changed, the literary process is exposed to many cataclysms and the forms of the European type literature have originated lots of original tendencies. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14313 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14313 Mehmet Dursun ERDEMEsra KİRİK, Sibel ÜST, Güner DAĞDELEN The history of the studies on Anatolian dialects are very recent. Because of the newly studies, there are a lot of zones not studied yet. One of the not did detailed study is Kahramanmaraş today. Kahramanmaraş and its districts have choosed and gathered in the Project of Kahramanmaraş Dialcets. In this article, Türkoğlu distirict’s dialects of Kahramanmaraş province are examined. Six villages that are represant the district’s dialect are choosen and the first results on the texts are exhibited. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14314 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14314 İbrahim Etem BUYRUK 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14316 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14316 Mehmet HAZAR 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14315 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14315 Veysel İbrahim KARACA 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14317 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14317 Yavuz TANYERİ 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14318 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14318 Süleyman Kaan YALÇIN 2026-07-16