https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=sayi_detay&sayi_id=245 Turkish Studies - International en 2026-07-16 <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Ankara Bilim &Uuml;niversitesi</p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Maltepe Kamp&uuml;s&uuml;</p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Maltepe Mahallesi Şehit G&ouml;nen&ccedil; Caddesi No: 5 &Ccedil;ankaya, Ankara, T&Uuml;RKİYE</p> <p style="margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>Web: </strong><a href="https://ankarabilim.edu.tr">https://ankarabilim.edu.tr</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>Telefon:</strong> <a href="tel:4442228">444 22 28</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>E-mail:</strong>&nbsp;<a href="mailto:info@ankarabilim.edu.tr">info@ankarabilim.edu.tr</a></p> https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13925 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13925 Murat KÜÇÜK 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13926 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13926 Shahla ABDULLAYEVA «Shaikh Sanan» - a legend about sufi sheikh, falling in love of christian girl, is part of the «The Conference of the Birds» by Attar Nishaburi. This parable about love of Moslem to the Christian maiden is one of the widespread theme have been used in Azerbaijan classic and modern literature. The last work in Azerbaijani literature written about Shaikh Sanan`s love history belongs to Fakhri Ughurlu, XXI century poet. Fakhri Ughurlu added some subjects to this popular tale using his poetic potential and created a new love story. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13927 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13927 Emin AGAYEV There are investigations of Mirali Seyidov about old Turkish literature, folk-lore, mythology and Turkish language. The article is about his scientific activities. There has been special place and role of M.Seyidov’s investigations to propagate old Turkish national and moral culture. Scientific society and popular readers are interested in all his demonstrated works. Prof. Mirali Seyidov has rich and creative scientific personality. If we pay attention to Mirali Seyidov’s works we will witness that he has worked as historian of professional literature, mythology, expert of etnografi and folk-lore profile. His woks have been taken greet role in realizing of Azerbaijan people’s ethnic and selfcognition. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13928 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13928 Hasan AKAY The main objective of this paper is to enable us to have a new perspective on issues with regard to what we really need to do for ‘reading habit and literature teaching’,how we can make use of modern methods and which method should be applied in order to provide meaningful reading and education and it also wants to recommend ways for this approach.In this respect,we will focus on the aspects of society ,authorities , national education ,contents of this approach and such concepts as reading,habit,teaching so on.. Finally,we will take into account the method for a high quality reading. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13929 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13929 Zeki KARAKAYAFatma AKÇAOĞLU The purpose of this study is to enlighten the definition of translation acquisition, the differentiation from language acquisition by comparing translations of two authors having translation acquisition in different levels and through using these differences how can it be used in language teaching. In the first section, translation acquisition issue has been accentuated; by giving place to the definitions of different Scientifics a general survey about translation acquisition has been elicited. Moreover, in this section, in order to see how translation acquisition will be differentiated from language acquisition and bring out the difference; an application has been conducted on Students and the results have been ascertained. As it is known, translation comparison is a appliance for bringing in language teaching, comparative linguistics, comparative graphology, translation criticism and translation acquisition. However, in this study it has been tried out representing some suggestions and examples about translation on the subject of how can be benefited only in language teaching with translation comparison which is one of the medium of methodology. In the study comparative translation method has been applied and examples and suggestions about its functions on language teaching have been presented. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13930 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13930 Muhammet Fatih ALKAYIŞ The translating of the books, writing with Contemporary Turkish Dialects, requires some attentions about the suffixes, words, concepts and centences to get an impressive form. By this way counfusions of meaning, between the Turkish Dialects, can be prevented. The New Uygur Turkish Dialect, thought as an Eastern Turkish Dialect at the classification of Turkish Language, is nearer to the characteristics of Old Turkish Language according to the Turkey Turkish Dialect, thought as a western Turkish Dialects. We can get a classification of translating problems, between the New Uygur Language and Turkey Turkish Language, in those titles: Verb moods, participles, gerundiums. With the solving of the problems between Contemporary Turkish Dialects, Turkish world will understand each other well, and also will be nearer. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13931 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13931 Selçuk ALTUNTAŞ In this paper, I will introduce a Tatar-Turkish newspaper called Mizan (Balance) (December 1908-June1909) published 24 issues by an Azerbaijani merchant and political activist named Mustafa Lotfi Ismailov Shirvansky (1876-?) in the city of Astrakhan, which is a part of the Russian Empire on the north side of the Caspian Sea, a century ago in 1909. Although Mizan was the local newspaper of Astrakhan which aimed to inform about the issues related to education and politics in the Astrakhan area, it paid a great deal of attention to the 31 March Incident which was an attempt to give an end to the Second Constitutional Era in the Ottoman Empire. The other topic which is worth mentioning is the perennial conflict between Burhani Taraqqi (1906-1911)-Mizan alliance and their main rival Idil (1907-1914) which is another Astrakhan oriented conservatist newspaper published by a well know Nogay descendent Tatar named Abdurrahman Omerov (1867-1933) under the support of Jamiyyeti Islamiye (The Committee of Islam) (1906-1912) founded by the clergymen against Shurayi Islam (The Assembly of Islam) (1905-1912) committee, a liberal political organization. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13932 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13932 İsmail ARSLAN In this study, first of all the history of tobacco and its introduction to the Ottoman Empire is going to be touched upon briefly. Then the cultivation of tobacco and types of tobacco grown in the Sanjak of Drama during the mid 19th century and its importance as an export crop in and around the region have been analyzed according to the British consulate reports. The amount of the tobacco exported from Kavalla Port, which was Drama’s door to outside world, the significance of this port for the tobacco trade and its effects on the hinterland of Kavalla have also been studied. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13933 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13933 Abdulselam ARVAS In this study, some information will be given about the environment in which the tradition of ministrelsy continues to be performed; about the number of the cafes of the bards which could be fixed; and about that the bards have been able to reach their voices to further masses via local press in Van. In order to show that ministrelsy tradition is still keeping its liveliness, only one example of 24 sections that were recorded previously will be presented. The aim of the study is to reveal,, with the given examples that an old tradition is stil going on in Van, which is situated in the Eastern part of Turkey, and that the given sections are quite rich. Besides, we will mention that how effective the listener can be on the narrator. We will also try to determine that this tradition has added different elements to its own structure with the changing social milieu and technological development. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13934 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13934 M. Dursun ÇİTÇİ Because of geographical potentials begin convenient the city Elazığ has been growing up rapidly. In 1927 while the population was 19216 people, in 2000 it has increassed about 14 times more and reached 266495 people. The migrations are effective on this rapid growth. However with effects of migrations, because of rapid population increase; health education, municipality services and work opportunities and residence are look (insufficient). Newertheless crime tendency has increased day by day, because of unplanned city, clear migration of the has shown negative numbers in the last years. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13935 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13935 Gönül AYAN What is the purpose of spelling the name as a separate Mesnevi the location and importance of Turkish literature have. Mesnevi the world thought of the period were written today are treated as transposing a mirror, do not access the value of the Turkish idea of beauty has graced the world, the rich will not be able to see the turning. Neglect of the input section of the title Mesnevi no one "sebeb-i telif" is. Under this heading poet, why me, and that the work itself that causes such a work be referred tells me. Kuran-ı Kerim in the "fable of the most beautiful as" The Joseph Kıssa describe the world in the Turkish thinking is an issue of too much demand. In-i royalty Yusuf u Züleyha Mesnevi reason of the handling of this matter, especially to explain the purpose and outlines the structure of the Turkish thinking is important because of the build. The Mesnevi of the Şeyyad Hamza, Haliloğlu Ali, Erzurumlu Darir, Hamdullah Hamdi, Kemal Paşazade, Tebrizli Ahmed, Abdurrahman Gubarî, Taşlıcalı Yahya, Ahmed mürşid take the pen name of the poet are Mesnevi. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13936 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13936 Erhan AYDIN In this article, an emphasis has been laid upon the place names amga korgan ~ amgı korgan which were written in two different forms and which appear on the 31st line east face of the Inscription of Bilge Khan as well as on the 8th line of the north face of the Inscription of Köl Tigin. It has been suggested that the word amga ~ amgı, forming the first part of the place name, could be ‘wild mountain goat’, and that this place mentioned in the Dokuz Oguz wars, could be somewhere in the east or north-east of Orhon and Tula rivers. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13937 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13937 Abdullah BAĞDEMİR The word property together with the meanings of house, shop, land and similiar immovable goods or whole territories under the sovereignty of a state, country is used in the aphorism “Justice is the basis of property” as state. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13938 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13938 Ali Galip BALTAOĞLU In this article, the full text of a complaint letter about a mayor named Rıfat Talat Öncel, which has submitted to Atatürk by a citizen, was given and the text was analyzed through the eyes of historian. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13939 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13939 Şahin BARANOĞLU In the present study, the word and the origin of Çeştepe, which is a topony in Aydın, were investigated in details. This topony composing of the words “çeş” and “tepe”, was discussed synchronously and diachronically and also the importance of toponies in linguistics was emphasised. Both of “çeş” and “tepe” were widely used historically and geographically, and are still being used today. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13940 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13940 Hüseyin BAYDEMİR In this study, the folk tale whose name is Leyla and Mecnun and which was collected from Fazıl Yoldaşoğlu, on Uzbek; epic writer, is analysed. After a briet explanation on how Leyla and Mecnun expanded in Turkish culture, it is stressed on how similar topics, having got the some classical literature sources, are carried into folk tales in Uzbekistan. Yoldaşoğlu variant is summarized according to its episodes. As respect to plot structure, this variant is similar to Alî Şîr Nevâî’s Leyla and Mecnun masnavi. In order to determine the limits of this similarity, the texts are compared according to their episodes. As a result of this comporison, it is found that Yoldaşoğlu variant had been influenced from other masnavis too. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13941 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13941 Nergis BİRAY In this paper, also taking into account Kazakh Turkis grammars, the modal words will be evaluated. Definition of modals, their status in the types of words, their classification of meaning and structure will be focused. Modal words, in Turkey Turkish, are adressed in the type of word such as postpositive, exclamation and evelopes. In this work, on the basis of Kazakh Turkish grammar, model words in Turkey Turkish will be discussed as a seperate word or not. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13942 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13942 Gülcan ÇOLAK BOSTANCI The noun which is one of the basic word categories of the human language, shows how people perceive the universe, and subsumes the fingerprints of reasoning, the characteristic features of the relationship between self and the others. Similarly, the personal noun which is a subcategory of nouns carries the traces of the emotions, thoughts, beliefs, images, and traditions of a society. This study attempts to make an explanation of the relationship between personal names and emotions, thoughts, beliefs, and images of the human. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13943 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13943 Şerif Ali BOZKAPLAN In all areas of the Anatolian Mouths Turkish as many materials in the field offers good naming. Called the most beautiful of the area showing the richness of disease names. The Anatolian Mouths is an efficient field for Turkish develop, richness 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13944 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13944 Tuncay Böler In Kutadgu Bilig, one of the most important masterpiece of Turkish literature and culture, morality, nobility and selectness were by some means put forward besides discussing the state, citizenship, law, palace organization, staff, administration and customs. And these qualities were mentioned in the masterpiece with the following words such as arıg, silig, süzük, bütün, ködrüm, ödrüm, bagırsak, köngli tüz, aslı arıg, kılkı arıg. In our research, words referring to morality, nobility and selectness in Kutadgu Bilig were taken into consideration in particular. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13945 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13945 Muhsine BÖREKÇİ Language has been considered as an object of linguistics since the beginning of the 20th century. It is an obligation to organize all processes including education philosophy in the light of scientific and technological developments in order that the education of Turkish and Turkish Language and Literature can keep pace with this development. The field that the education of language and literature should depend on is previously linguistics. Nowadays, studies on lingustics have tended to application and have had a purpose in order to develop theories which make easier the language learning and teaching. Lacking of this discipline in the education of Turkish and Turkish Language and Literature will lead to continue the situation which is always a matter of complaint. Teachers of Turkish are expected to constitute a sense of language in their students’ perception and to guide them not only for their acquisation of positive attitudes and behaviors towards language and also for their acquisation of reading habit and ability to be able to think and express their ideas both in written and oral forms. It is difficult to meet expectations for the teachers who can’t acquire that kind of information and skills in their education processes. Due to this situation, the education of Turkish and Turkish Language and Literature should be in an applied form and be fullfilled in the light of scientific perspective aiming at to interrogate information while composing it. In the study, scientific perspectives considered that teachers of Turkish and Turkish Language and Literature have to acquire during their education processes will be tried to be compared with traditional perspectives and illustrated. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13946 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13946 Ahmet BURAN Turcology evolving from Orientalism has later become an independent field of science. “Soviet Turcology” has a particularly significant and special place in the history of Turcology. Turcology studies beginning in the Tsardom period accelerated in The Soviet Union period and in this period many works were produced. One of the most important mile stones of Soviet Turcology is “ The First General Assembly of Turcology” which was held in Baku in 1926. There are some significant reasons why this general assembly was organized within the borders of the Soviet Union with the support of Moscow. This general assembly is also very important in terms of its results as well as its reasons. Especially, the process of transition to Latin Alphabet and successively to Cyrillic Alphabet in Turkish communities in the Soviets and the murders of some Turcologists living in Soviets by exposing them to “panturkist” accusations are some of the outcomes emerged from this general assembly. In this context, an important part of developments in Turcology field in Turkey and in the world is related to BAKU GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF TURCOLOGY. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13947 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13947 Ali CİN The debates on whether to change the alphabet begin particularly by the use of telegraph in Ottoman Empire in 1855 and continued until 1928. Approximately for 85 years this subject was discussed by the journalists, writers and scientists at some length and in democratic way. One of the disputants was Abraham Galante, the scientist. Galante insisted on the use of a modified Arabic alphabet. He considered that adoption of the Latin Alphabet will not provide the benefit neither technically, scientifically, economically nor politically. The attempts of changing the alphabet or modifying it is the most important proof, that Turkish language has the problems with the alphabet it uses. As a result of long discussions the adoption of the Turkish alphabet based on Latin alphabet took place under Ataturk's leadership November 1, 1928; and Turkish scientist of 20-th century accepted it and put it into practice. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13948 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13948 Salim ÇONOĞLU Social scientists, appraising human being as a cultural living creature, have concluded important results in research of space effect on culture and man. That the place man was born and grows up is effective in his all life is the most important among these results. In this respect, this article studies space’s marks in Ziya Osman Saba’s poems and personality. The house, being cornerstone of Ziya Osman Saba’s poets, is a space of happiness thanks to reminding the past. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13949 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13949 Ibrahim Etem ÇAKİR In the period of Sultan IInd Selim, the Cyprus was successfully conquered. As a consequence of this progress, Crusade Alliance under the leadership of Venice and Spain took action in order to recapture the Cyprus and Ottoman navy was devastatingly defeated in the Inebahti ( Lepanto) War on the date of 7 October 1571. At the Ottoman Empire having lost the greater part of her navy, the period of construction of a new navy was initiated and a respond was given to the Inebahti defeat by forming an enormous navy in pursuit of nearly six-month endeavor. In this study, information about preparations during and after Inebahti War was given by predicating on registers in the “muhimme defteri”(register of important sultan decrees). 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13950 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13950 Mehmet Surur ÇELEPİ One of the most coloured cultures existing in Anatolia is Hızır culture. This cult existing in many different places has some common features. Besides, beiefs in Hızır in some regions differ from each other. One of these regions is Hatay. As a place where people from different cultures live in harmony Hatay presents a cultural richness. Living as thickly populated in Hatay Arab Alawis called Nusayri people are one of the branch of this cultural richness. For Nusayri people, who differ from Alawi people in many respects, Hızır is of extra importance. It is believed that Hızır and Moses met in Samandağ district of Hatay. Hızır culture is kept alive in the region where there are almost fifty sepulchers of Hızır. In these sepulchers, people perform rituals for the sake of healing, health, chance of marriage and luck. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13951 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13951 Kürşat ÇELİK One of the most important archives of Ottoman history is Sharia Records. The issue of making of Sharia Records, which gave important information about the period and place they belonged to, is today a major problem. This situation makes it obligatory to depend on a certain method while making use of the records. In this study we investigated Karahisar-ı Sahib Sharia Records no 565 which is one of this important records. This study is aimed to set a pattern for the stduies made in this field by presenting and making index only one of the Sharia Records which has great importance for Turkish history and culture. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13952 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13952 Çulpan ZARİPOVA ÇETİN From the earliest period onwards , the beech has been a sacred and accustomed tree among the Turks. It plays an important role both in seasonal and family traditions of Kazan Tatars. It is also considered as a sacred and enchanting tree, which accompanied people from their birth to death. Beech is growing in abundance in the geography of Kazan Tatars. The first information about its curing property had been narrated during the Bulgarian Era. Besides, there are many beliefs about beech, which rooted in shamanism. Even nowadays Tatars continue to maintain these beliefs in their daily life. Beech also takes a primary place in Tatar ballads and songs owing to its graceful and melancholic appearance. Although it generally heralds the feelings of anxiety and grief, it has also been preferred to define whiteness and purity as well as the beauty of a girl. Contemporary Tatar poetry also gives an important place to this tree along with these attributions. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13953 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13953 Turhan ÇETİN The background of the migrations from Bulgaria to Turkey dates back to approximately 100 years ago. This paper examines the demographical quality of the immigrants from Bulgaria, their residential status, their causes of the migration to Turkey and finally the economic effect of the migration on Turkey. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13954 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13954 Selcen ÇİFÇİ In this study, It is researched the answer of the question how word associations show between gender. With this purpose a basic word (soil) and a culture word (dance) were given to female and male undergraduate students. They were requested to write down five words which are recured to their mind and are related to those words in a limited time which brain storm techique. The datas which were gained are analyzed with two different analyze method (with gender and without gender). The associations which have high frequency are evaluated in terms of proximity and distance in either between gender groups or in gender. It was researched significant differences in terms of association varieties between groups. It was signicifant diagnosis in genders between basic word and culture word association. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13955 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13955 Selahattin ÇİTÇİ In spite of the fact that "Kenan Çobanları", the piece of Halide Edip cannot be a classical opera in terms of techniques and content, it is a work that aimed to transfer the feminist and Semitic thoughts by means of art to the students with the influence of social and political conditions of the period. That it does not go beyond the patterns of school shows is the proof of it. The most important role "Kenan Çobanları" played in Turkish literature is that it is the first opera attempt written by a Turkish woman and for the first time the Old Testament outside of Islamic knowledge and cultural resources is used to relate an adventure of Joseph. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13956 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13956 Sinan ÇİTÇİ Mehmet Akif uses the word "father" in literal and symbolic sense. As in literal sense, father is a one of the most important components; in symbolic sense, it is used as a meaning of state, religion, caliph/sultan, scholar, grandfather, ancestry, prophet, and God. But anyway, relation between father and son in the poems of Akif is edited over "separation". This separation may appear in a different ways such as in times, location, age, profession, pleasure, ethics, perception, feeling and spirit. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13957 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13957 Nilgün ÇÖL A region from the brook of Kasımpaşa where is on the north of Haliç where is protected inner harbour of Istanbul to the Tophane in the Bosphorus is called as “Sykai” during the antiquity. “Sykai” has some similarities with historical peninsula. Natural sheltered harbour coastline Galata took the attention of the Italian merchants with its way to Boğaziçi and Marmara sea. It was inevitable for Galata to be important harbour city and trade center of the Mediterranean strategically. Galata becomes a colony of Genova in the XIV. century and its steep slopes is formed with narrow street staircases. Galata shows typical character of an Italian city with high and multi-story buildings constructed of stone and brick. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13958 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13958 Robert DANKOFFÇev. Nurettin GEMİCİ There is a very short narration in the Travelbook of Ewliya Chelebi about the tradition of “candle blowing” which was attributed to Kizilbash orders and on which some contradictory views have been putforwarded. The part in which “candle blowing” was narrated, was omited from the old edition of the travelbook, therefore it was remained so far as not being realized. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13959 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13959 H. İbrahim DELİCE Turkish takes part in class of languages with suffix from the structure point of view. İt is intended by suffix that affixes are added end of word bases and themes which the affixes depend upon them from meaning for example gövde + ler+ i+ nin. Prefix is the condition which affiexes precede the word bases and themes. There is any prefix in Turkish grammer. Altough added repatition heaps which could be listed with only example of mos+mor resemble this condition, first morphological units which produced these heaps and could be perceived as affix are made-up words, not affiexes. Therefore it is not designated as example of prefix. Besides it is a question of condition of one affix which is not defined in Turkish. This condition is also thinked as suffix firstly but when it is taken of consideration diffirence of structure and meaning, it is sees that some affixes effect meaning of the word which follows added word, not meaning of the word to which it is added. So it is accepted that affix belongs to word to which is added as structure, and word which followed the word to which it is added as meaning for instance düş + e yazmak; sabah + a kadar. These affixes which have two different structure in Turkish syntax are called as öncül affixes accourding to describing which is used in classification of languages from the structure point of view and are called as bütünleşik accourding to function of yapım eki and çekim eki when separate in their own constitution. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13960 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13960 Tazegül DEMİR ATALAY The purpose of this study is to determine attitudes of prospective teachers for elementary school’s second grade towards the habit of reading and significant difference between these attitudes and certain variables such as gender, learning type and department. The research is a kind of survey method conducted during spring term of 2007-2008 academic year. The sample of the study is made up of 260 undergraduate students enrolled in departments Turkish Teaching, Teaching Social Studies, Science Teaching and Elementary School Mathematics in Faculty of Education, Gazi University. “The attitude scale” devised by Gomleksiz (2005) has been used in order to determine reading habits of students included in the sample. Statistical procedures like frequency analysis, independent group t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Levene test, Mann Whitney U, Kruskall Wallis H and LSD tests have been used for the analysis of data. As a result of the research, a meaningful difference has been found in the sub-dimensions of fondness of reading, having the habit of reading, necessity, desire, effect and usefulness according to the variable of gender and school of study. In all sub-dimensions, a meaningful result has been obtained in favor of girls and a meaningful difference has been obtained in favor of the prospective teachers in the department of Turkish Language Teaching and Science Education Teaching with respect to the variable of school of study. In addition, it is found out that variables of teaching techniques of students, education status of their fathers and mothers do not have any meaningful difference statistically in all sub-dimensions. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13961 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13961 Ahmet DİNCRamazan ÇAKIR For Turkmen people in 18th Century, unity, socio-economic thought of society and formation of literary’s language are needed. In this century socio-economic thought of society is begun to talk by poet and thinker by unifying with philosophy, religion and ethics. It is difficult to differ each other between philosophy, religion, ethics and socio-economic thought of Azadi and Mahtumkulu. This study analyzes the socio-economic thought of Azadi and Mahtumkulu in 18th Century. We focused; Case of socio-economic thought of Turkmen people in 18th Century, Azadi’s vagz-I Azad work that contains economic thought, and Mahtumkulu’s socio-economic thought In this study especially we emphasized that Azadi and Mahtumkulu’s thought are not dream. In addition these thought are similar with ottoman’s reforms. Socio-economic thought of Azadi and Mahtumkulu are accepted as progressive in Turkmen people. Azadi and Mahtumkulu identified the problem and presented its cure. Mahtumkulu is not only poet and thinker he is also guide of his people. He desires goodness for people’s future, such as there should be helping each other, equity and honesty among people, union of Turkmen tribe, Turkmen state under equitable sovereign, high level of per capita income, economic growth and development, removing the unfairness among people etc. Although Azadi just tried to show the way for solution of these problem on Vaaz-ı Azad, Mahtumkulu worked for solution in detail, as well. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13962 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13962 Şaziye DİNÇER In this paper, Functions of the preposition groups which are composed by using ''noun+case form+preposition'' construction. It was determined the structures which were formed with the prepositional phrase which were created with different noun cases and their functions, and they were examplified with the sentences which were taken from the related contexts. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13963 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13963 Süleyman EFENDİOĞLU In this assertion, Ağrı province’s local dialects, which haven’t been mentioned comprehensively except a few graduation papers until now, will be tried to introduce by classification. Moreover, this assertion looks like as a message to overall studies, which must be done as soon as possible about nearly disappearing Ağrı province’s local dialects. Being midpoint throughout history of Ağrı and around her caused an extensive tongue and culture stratification in this area. So today as well as a rich folk dancing and huge folk literature in the Ağrı a few local dialects get attention directly. Ağrı province’s local dialects, which were included by Muharrem Ergin to Azerbaijani accent of Oguz group and by Leyla Karahan to accent of eastern group, show “Turkmen Azerbaijani Terekeme Ahıska” properties of Turkish. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13964 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13964 Genciana ABAZİ-EGRO The change of meanings and words is a process based on its law and these changes could be classified in accordance to different points of view. The changes of meaning analysed by Breal were based on three factors: history, intelligence, and will. While, Sperber and Meillet made the classification of these changes taking into consideration the reasons causing them. Stern looked for these reasons in psychological and cultural factors and these factors he classified in two groups: external and internal. While, Ullman made his classification distinguishing the language conservatorism and language renovation. Geeraerts these problems treated in a functional approach. In the Turkish language, the case of word and meaning changes is treated in the context of semantics. On the other hand, this case took its place even in terminological dictionaries and especially after the publication of the Grammar of Tahir Gencan, in Turkish grammar books is added a chapter of semantics. Dogan Aksan approached to the issue of word and meaning changes from a different point of view: the logic. The studies of him even today have a great importance, because those served as the base for forthcoming studies on this issue. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13965 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13965 Jasaral ENSEPOV Dombra is still one of the most important national instruments for today's Kazakh culture. Dombra is also used as a pedagogic instrument. Oral tradition is transfered new generation via singing pleasantly by dombra. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13966 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13966 İlhan ERDEM_Türkçe Turkish is a common language which is used by around 250 billion people. Based on this community lots of foreigners want to learn Turkish as a second language. This is a quite natural situation. Foreigners have some different reasons and aims for learning Turkish such as, academicals studies, trade, social or political relations, to know about the Turkey as a European Unions candidate, interest to the Turkish people ext. Ankara University TOMER is the fist step of the official teaching Turkish to the foreigners in Turkey. TOMER is doing its job very successfully today. Written sources and some academicals studies, which are subjected the “how to teach Turkish better” are very important, at the teaching Turkish to the foreigners. There are a lot of sources about Turkish teaching from past to today. This research contains a bibliography essay about the teaching Turkish to the foreigners. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13967 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13967 Serpil ERSÖZ It has been determined that the suffixes +CA and +CIK gained also different meanings to the personal name known meanings up to now in written language and dialects of Türkiye Turkish. It is due to the fact that this suffixes gained both the meaning of affection, respect and dislike, anger to personal name. These suffixes are used for only negative emotions (dislike and anger) in some dialects while are used for both features in some dialects of Türkiye Turkish. Another finding determined in this study is that the using of the +CA and +CIK suffixes for he meaning of dislike and anger is the distinctive special dialect feature of Sancaklı yuruks settled in Izmir. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13968 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13968 Mesut ERŞAN In this paper, the report of Huseyin Fevzi Bey about the contacts of Enver Pasha, the prominent military and political figure of the late Otoman Era, with Russia, Anatolia and Europe in the period following his removal from power, is evaluated. Huseyin Bey was personally very close to Enver Pasha and witnessed his acts. The report draws attention particularly to the wish and efforts of Enver Pasha to unite the Islamic revolutionary committees and to lead the Islamic world against the imperial powers as well as his desire to return to Anatolia. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13969 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13969 Burak GÖKBULUT Folk stories have a major importance among the various oral narratives that are collected from the Turkish Cypriot people. “Tahir ile Zühre” is one of those folk stories. In this article, first of all, we tried to define the fundamentals of the “folk stories”. After that, we tried to interpret the episode structure of “Tahir ile Zühre (Cyprus Turkish Variant)”. Finally, we completed our study by interpreting the motif examination of “Tahir ile Zühre”. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13970 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13970 Aziz GÖKÇE Once the information given on consonant and labial harmony in Turkish grammar text books written on Turkey Turkish is examined, it is believed that this harmony which existed in the past has never been observed or deformed but this harmony appeared during last period of Ottoman Turkish. The researches conducted lately have shown that true examples of harmony of consonant and labial existed during last period of Ottoman Turkish. In this article, it has been argued that tracks of this harmony existed in Old Anatolian Turkish and in the texts written by Turks. It is strongly believed that growing number of researches on phonetics and such kind of subjects would contribute studies on Turkish grammar. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13971 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13971 Saadettin GÖMEÇ Although the foundation of the Crimean Khanate is mainly accepted to be the Crimean Peninsula, it actually covers the area known as the Kipchack steppes extending from the shores of the Sea of Azov to the banks of the Danube, from Lower Don region to the Dnepr River. The region embraced the Turkish peoples starting with the Huns, and eventually became the region of settlement for the Turkish dynasties such as Bulgar, Avar, Khazar, Kök Turk. It is well known today that the region had been the scene of contention between the Eastern Roman Empire and the Khazar Turks. The Pecthenegs (Kumans?) also occupied the Crimea along with the Kipchack Steppes for a while. As the region entered the area of sovereignty of the Kuman Kipchack, Crimea became home for the Kipchack and the Byzantine influence over the region diminished. Moreover, the Seljukid Turks showed deep interest in Crimea ever since their early years and launched campaigns into the region. Northern Black Sea entered the sovereignty of Tzenghiz Khanate as of 1240s. Crimea became ever valuable upon the coming of the Kuman Kipchack who later took over the Golden Horde Khanate. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13972 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13972 Abdulkadir GÜL In the study, titled “The Demographic Structure of Antıoch Town in XVI. Century” the population and settlement of Antakya town between 1526 and 1550 were presented based on the Land Office [Tapu Tahrir] records. The population of Antakya town was investigated by taking into account the social characteristics of that time. The demographic data, gathered in this study, were analyzed through the use of tables and graphs. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13973 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13973 Gürer GÜLSEVİN Despite the fact that some of the Oghuzes coming to Anatolia (Kınık, Kayı, Avşar, Bayat, Çepni, etc.) were known and called through their “phratry” names, not all of these phratries have been able to keep their names to the present. In this article, whether we can determine the characteristics of Oghuz accents in one by one has been questioned firstly. Then, the characteristics of the accent of Çepnis, who have been able to define themselves with their phratry name the best, has been focused on. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13974 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13974 Ahmet GÜNŞEN Although the term “dialect” is always referred as “ phonetic variety” in the related bibliography, numerous morphological differences also exist in a local dialect in addition to phonetic ones. Moreover, the borders of a local dialect and dialect varieties can often be determined by the morphological characteristics. Gaziantep dialect, besides its significant phonetic characteristics, has an outstanding place among other Anatolian dialects in terms of its morphological characteristics. The main aim of this paper is to study and examine the main characteristics determining the morphology of Gaziantep dialect with respect to the features stemming from the Old Turkish and the features resulting from the phonetic shifts affecting grammatical components and thus making this local dialect different among the other Anatolian dialects. These characteristics will also be compared to historical and contemporary Turkish dialect, giving priority to the Anotalian dialects. Consequently, it will be clarified that Gaziantep dialect has a particular status among the other Anatolian dialects in terms of its morphological characteristics as well as its phonetic and vocabulary features. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13975 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13975 Mehmet HAZAR A lot of symbols have been used in the studies of Turcology and some of these symbols have been commonly accepted. It is also possible to see some different symbols which substitute these frequently used symbols in Turcology studies. Sometimes more than one symbol is used for one function and this causes some chaos. The shape, name and definitions of the symbol considering the locations it is used was shown in this study. A classification was done under the subtitles, such as Mathematical Symbols, Roman Numerals, Numbers, Punctuation Marks, Diactric Symbols, Directional Signs and Symbols. It is emphasized to add a column that is showing these symbols in glossaries concerning Turcology. Thus, a unity will be formed on this matter. Turcology, especially grammar studies, started to choose the way of explaining by using formulas such as mathematics. The symbols of literature sciences should be standardized as well as linguistics by an association like Turkish Language Association. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13976 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13976 Ali HUSEYİNOGLU The intellectuals of Turkic nations considered the unity and enlightenment of their nations as the only way leading to the liberty. This movement was called “enlightenment movement” or “modernism” in XIX century. The increase in the communist movements brought its impact on Muslim Turkic intellectuals who were in bondage. Some of those intellectuals joined Communists and protested against the regime in Russia. The Bolsheviks overthrew Russian tsar and took the ascendance over the country. They went on pursuing the policy of imperialism and assimilation of the nations. The continuation of such policy motivated the communists of Muslim Turkic nations to unite in order to rebel and gain independency. Abdulla Sharifov was one of those strugglers. Sharifov was born in 1983 in November in the city Troutski which belonged to Orenburg province of Russia. He came to Istanbul in 1908 and graduated from “Darulmuallim” with the assistance from local Muslim Charity Society. Abdulla Sharifov who lived in Baku during 1923-1937 struggled a great deal for the liberty of the Turks. Having published the grammar book named “Türk Okullarında Rus Dilinin Tedrisi (Karşılaştırmalı Metodun Esaslaştırılması)” (“The teaching of Russian language in Turkic schools” Substantiation of Comparative Method) for the schools during his activities in Baku he went on realizing researches such as “Türk-Tatar Dillerinin Singarmoniyası Hakkında” (About the Singarmony of Turk-Tatar Languages), “Türk Dili Gramer Kategorilerinin Tasnif Prensipleri Hakkında” (About the Classification Principles of Grammar Categories of Turkic), “Azerbaycan’ın Şamahı Diyalekti”(Shamakhi Dialect of Azerbaijan). Sharifov translated and edited the books “Yafetidologiya ve Marksizm” (Yafetidology and Marxism) by M. I. Menshikov and “Yafetidologiya ve Marksizm Hakkında Bakı Tartışmaları” (Baku discussions on Yafetidology and Marxism) by academician Marr into Azerbaijani turkic.. Abdulla Sharifov was accused of being nationalist and activist who fouhgt for the creation of United Turk-Tatar government and against the Soviet Union. He was put in jail in July 3 in 1937 and was shot to death in the middle of the night in Baku in 1938. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13977 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13977 Alpay İĞCİ This writing is about new trends in Turkish dialect of Kosova. For these trends, here the writer is used example in Kosova-Prizren Turkish dialect. This dialect will be able to give great and general picture about latest trends. These trends are coming from Turkey Turkish (which is the literary language in Kosova) to Turkish dialect of Kosova. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13978 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13978 Alimcan İNAYETAdem ÖGER In the history of Turkish culture, it is known that both heroes and heroines are important in mythological narratives and other oral culture narratives. The different heroines have found in especially mythological narratives of Uighur Turks, epic, legend and folk poems. In this article, some of mythhological, religious and historical heroines, that have found in oral culture of Uighur Turks, will be introduced and interpreted. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13979 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13979 Birol İPEK In this article, enclitics which were taken part in DLT were studied. The term “enclitic” was used by the name of particle. There are some particles like “A, Ça / Çe, Çu / Çü (Şu / Şü), Erinç, Erki, OK, OL, La, Mat / Met, Yamu / Yanu” and etc. in DLT. These particles used for intensive, wish, probability, prohibiting, suspicion, proclamation, imitation by adding at the end of command sentences and verbs. Enclitics become varieties according to sound structure of words coming after them. This feature provides them a usage like nearly noun endings. These particles can become stereotyped and an affiks when they are used after especially nouns. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13980 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13980 Ogtay JALİLBEYLİ The article is devoted to the grammar tense categories in Japanese language. In the investigation of the given problem, the author tests upon the fundamental works by in N.A. Siromyatnikov and I.V. Qolovnin on the subject. Japanese and Azeri languages are not considered as related languages. That is why the considerable differences between the tense category systems of these languages are natural. The author supports the idea of two grammatical tense category system. The problem in this article is looked on the base of original Japanese texts and their translation in Azeri language. In the traditional Azeri grammar, three grammatical tense forms (past, present, future) are accepted. And also, in this tradition it is noted that past and future tenses have two forms. In the traditional grammar of Azeri language the tense category forms for verbs and adjectives is not considered to be common. But the acquaintance with Japanese language facts, gives us a chance to look through the known facts which have not been explained scientifically till now. For instance the use of adjectives (also other parts of speech) in the function of predicative affixes and predicative as the use of finitive forms. Here also includes was; been; but – connecting ways. In Japanese language such alike ways are used with adjectives. So, in comparison with Azeri language, the investigation of grammatical tense categories gives us a chance to be acquainted with the specific tense category system of Japanese language and to look through again the same facts in Azeri language as well. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13981 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13981 Xhemile ABDIU Turkish Language influented on Balkan Languages. Turkish words entered on Balkan Languages and became part of them. Turkish morphemes (suffix) influenced on gramatical structure. The topic of this reviw will be the influence of Turkish morphemes on Albanian Language. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13982 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13982 Hayrullah KAHYA Caramanians were Orthodox Christian in Anatolia. They used to both speak Turkish and use Greek alphabet in their texts. They particularly lived in Anatolia, for instance; in Karaman, Konya, Kayseri, Isparta, Burdur, Aydın, Black Sea area. In addition, Istanbul, Syria and the Balkans etc. Although they were Turkish (particularly Pechenek, Kuman Turks), they were managed by Byzantion as paid soldiers in Anatolian area in 11. century, espacially in the Toros Mountains and after that time, they began to adopt Orthodox Christian. Now, They have lived in Greece since the population replacement in 1923. In this study, we concerned on gerundium of {-IncAs} in as a book of Caramanian Language Yeñi Hazne. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13983 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13983 Ünal KALAYCI After 1828–1829 Ottoman- Russia War, the Christian Urum Turks with Armenians living around Erzurum and Kars region were placed in various cities of Georgia. In 1990s in Tsalka region there were 37 000 Urums but as a result of immigration today Urum population is about 1500 in this region. Urum’s spoken language was Turkish and their written language was Russian until immigration. In this study, Russian words which entered in the spoken language of Urums will be searched based on compilations done in this region. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13984 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13984 ALSU KAMALİEVA Being one of the predecessors of Tatar illumination movement, Ayaz Ishaki concentrated on education widely in his works. Through his works, he influenced Tatar people. He represented the innovation movement which is called as “ceditçilik” and he initiated the education movement which is called as “maarifetçilik”. In his works, Ishaki recommended an understanding of a contemporary and modern education and he explained how to achieve this education. Satirizing the traditional madrasah education in his works, Ayaz Ishaki focused on a European style and a scientific centred education model. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13985 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13985 Funda KARA Different perspectives on grammar researches complicate the learning and teaching of some subjects. Being main structures, adverbs and prepositions are among those subjects. Even if it is only examined in terms of definitions, some contradictions and defects draw the attention. By means of an analysis on the units that the mentioned words have a relationship with, and their place and meanings in the sentence and their smilarities and differences in point of their functions, insufficient points have been displayed in this study. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13986 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13986 Mehmet KARA By the disintegration of Soviets in 1991, five more independent Turkic Republics emerged. Then cultural unity of Turkic communities began to become the current issue of that time. As the unity of alphabet was significant for the provision of the unity of culture, the disputes relating to transition from Cyrillic to Latin were also among the seriously discussed issues of the agenda. The delegates who attended the symposium organized by Marmara University Turkic Studies Institute in 1991 signed up to accept “thirty-four letter common Latin alphabet” which was recommended for Turkic languages. This alphabet was formed by the addition of five more letters to the Latin based alphabet which was used in Turkish language. Having encountered many religions and cultures throughout the history, Turks have changed their alphabets within the centuries by the influence of these religions and cultures. Maybe it was due to this reason that new republics were inclined to change alphabet. Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan in succession accepted Latin alphabet. However, some discrepancies existed between the thirty-four letter common Turkic alphabet and these alphabets. Actually, the texts written by the use of different codes and the meaning of these texts was hidden behind the codes would lead to difficulties in communication between Turks. When one day Kazakhs accepts Latin alphabet, the transition of Kyrgyz belonging to the same tribe of Turks to Latin alphabet will be easier. On the other hand, if Kazakhs adopts Latin alphabet completely, Kyrgyzstan would be the only Turkic Republic left to use Cyrillic alphabet and this would force them to adopt Latin. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13987 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13987 Adnan Rüştü KARABEYOĞLU This article discusses differences between some features of periphrasis and their synthetic opposites. Of particular interest are the distinctive semantical features of those periphrastic doublets, constructed using the same noun but different verbs, which have the same morpho-syntactic functions. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13988 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13988 Ferhat KARABULUT In this stduy, I will deal with Kaşgalı Mahmud’s master work named Divân-u Lûgâti’t-Türk (Compendium of Turkic Dialects) in terms of its methodolgy and its place in the history of world linguistics. Divân-u Lûgâti’t-Türk was/is one of the most important dictionary and grammar book written in 11th century in order to teach Turkish to Arabic people. Since, it was one of the first and foremost work handling Turkish, it should be examined in detail from different perspectives. That is why we try to understand and examine this crucial work by using some linguistic viewpoints and try to make people to realize its structure and methods established almost one thousand years ago. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13989 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13989 Fevzi KARADEMİR In grammar studies, when the verbs are conjugated, the conceptual value of “-mA” is reflected to modals and names of conjugation, but what sort of contribution it makes to modals is hardly mentioned. There is no common approach about which component of conjugation is negation to be dependent in naming conjugation of negative verbs. Since negation is dependent on components outside the base of verbs, logicall wrong naming are done in some studies. In the present study, the relation of “-mA” with modal is assessed. It has been determined that it is an important component contributing to modals directly and indirectly. How teachers and researchers name the negative inflection of verbs has been examined. Issues causing problems are noticet in naming. Recommendations related to the naming and functioning of verbs of conjugation are given. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13990 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13990 Erdal KARAMAN The relation between Russian and Turks begins from the ancient times. We can witness that living for a long time in the same area, and during some periods having struggle, Russian and Turk cultures were in interaction. The amount of the borrowings from Turkish in Russian language shows that the interaction mostly affected the language. Even some Russian intellectuals used Turkish pseudonyms. In this work, after giving brief information about the interaction between Russian and Turks, we have analyzed the Turkish expressions in The Etimological Dictionary of Russian by Russian lexicolog Marks Fasmer except Chuvash and Yakut expressions. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13991 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13991 Ebru KAVAS The purpose of this study is to describe the multi-layered structure of ,“Uykuların Dogusu” by Hasan Ali Toptas, one of the leading authors of Turkish Literature. Similiar to his earlier writings, it is possible to see postmodern forms in UD including multiplicity, ambiguity, intertextuality, the understanding of reality called as simulation, new form trials, up-fictitious platform, change/transformation, action, a text-focused structure and creative act. In the study, the novel is examined from the perspective of content, form, characters, time and place in order to describe the UD’s main story and fictitious structure. The narrator expresses itself on its own. It is a text that is open to discussion, open ended and reaches to the up-fiction platform. Uykuların Dogusu, with its multi layered structure, provides readers a rich reading experience and it will take its place among the experimental and leading works of Turkish Literature as an innovative text. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13992 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13992 Zeki KAYMAZ In this article, the studies about Kutadgu Bilig in Turkey are classified and evaluated. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13993 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13993 Sedat MADENAhmet KIRKKILIÇ In rapidly evolving world, educational technologies and skills change for adapting themselves to this regulation. Reading, as one of the basic language arts, has been transformed into the skill of speed reading in accordance with the necessary of the modern world. Speed reading is a skill enabling to reach and use knowledge rapidly. In our study, it will be appreciated book of “SPEED READING AND STRUCTURING THE MEANING” which was prepared for the purpose of introducing, comprehending and teaching "speed reading". 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13994 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13994 Güray KIRPIK Generally, the history of the crusading campaigns takes charge of in two parts and it is west and east sources. About crusades, one of the important incident of the medieval age, there are Islamic(Turk and Arab), Latin, East Roman, Armenian and Syrian sources. Certainly, among these maximum available is Latin sources which their authors were among the crusades. After they come Islamic sources and afterward come East Roman, Armenian and Syrian sources. Some modern researhers’ works have all of them in one book. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13995 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13995 Raşit KOÇ The use of the circumflex accent is one of the problems in Turkish. It is not certain to use it with certain words or not. It is also not known whether it is never used. All of these are problematic topics. In this study the views and discussions about the punctuation guidelines published by Türk Dil Kurumu and private publishing house in various date will be analysed and it will offer a discussion of various views and discussions about the topic. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13996 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13996 Zeynep KORKMAZ Every changes have important effects on socıety. Especialy revolutıon of alphabet is a very strong changes that have very important results on the society. In thıs article it will explaıned alphabet revolution from the cause and result. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13997 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13997 Baktygul KULAMSHAEVA In narratology, the concept which should be searched first under the classification of “duration” is read time. Gerard Genette (1980) is the one who puts forth the speed and rhythm of the narration, which is a measurable concept, instead of read time. Speed is the relationship between chronic and spatial dimensions of a work of art (such as a few meters in a minute or a few minutes in a few meters etc.) as speed of narration is a concept expressed via the relationship between time (the story time measured by seconds, minutes, hours, days and years) and length (length of script measured by lines and pages). It is impossible to measure this exactly since necessary time to read a script depends on lots of external factors. Read time may show changes with regard to reader’s speed of reading, content of the script, reader’s ability to understand, and the environment in which she/he reads. The time passing by in the story may not be 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13998 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13998 Alaeddin MEHMEDOĞLU, In Turkey Turkish Grammer there are many problems that wait to be solved accordingto scientific sources. In this text, Subordinate clause and complex specied dependent Compound Setences that compounds main claus in a paralel way have searched. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13999 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=13999 Abdulhekim MEHMET Uyghur epic tales reflect world wievs, aesthetical tastes, national conscience and spiritual values of the Uyghur Turks. These epics, which are a part of the Uyghur national identity, compose also a significant part of the Uyghur folk literature. Researchers have recorded many epic texts by now, and made textual editions and scientific evaluations. This essay deals with history of studies in China on Uyghur epics and puts forward a critical review. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14000 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14000 Ayvaz MORKOÇ Sevinc Cokum, accentuates national matters in the stories she wrote considering the traditions and practices of the lower and middle class people. A considerable number of novels and short stories by Cokum, persistently deal with “national identity”. She handles the national identity as a concept comprising religion, language, history, state, tradition and practice, world view and art. It is conspicuous in her Works that he pays a special respect to the state and flag, and she handles these concepts as “holy matters”. Her interest in Turkic World is a known fact about Cokum, in “Mother Rosalia” she draws attention to the patriotism and love of flag among Turks by means of Crimean Turks. The centre stage of “Mother Rosalia” is Crimean Turks who were expelled from their motherland in the aftermath of the Second World War. This study aims at revealing the troubles the Crimean Turks faced, the patriotism and their struggle to make a piece of land the homeland. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14001 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14001 Hüseyin Kahraman MUTLU Cepnies, one of the 24 clans of Oguz Turks, are a community who preserve their clan’s name until today. Cepnies are located in Balikesir which is thought as they came their actucal settlement place from Cukurova and interior Anatolia. As their accent properties examined, similarities between Cukurova and interir Anatolia accents have strengen this proximity. Cepnies mainly promience by their population in Karadeniz region are found to br located in many places of Anatolia when investigated. Together with Yoruks, Manavs and Turrmens, Cepnies 4 main accent group and among these main accent groups they are more close to Turkmen accent according to their language properties. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14002 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14002 Mehmet Vefa NALBANT Loan words of the language of the constitution in the process of historical development spending as a souvenir of the adventure lend themselves to find shelter are a number of languages. This shelter features in their new language to the language of informational assets by adding something will take. Generally speaking two different languages of the communities in the region or who speak two different languages as a result of marriages of people emerging phenomenon of bilingual addition, more than two languages spoken in the area of a three-language phenomenon is encountered. In this respect such a three-lingual phenomenon of living in the Siirt, standard Turkish, the main Turkish language development outside the development is a Turkish language is Kırmanç Kurdish and Arabic, and the relationship between the borrowed words situation and this relationship affects the mouth features to observe in terms of attention on the stand a very good country as are the . 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14003 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14003 Ahmet OCAK Having Seljuks undertook the political leadership of Sunni Muslim world, they felt responsible for protecting it against all the political, military and ideological threats coming into existence. Therefore, they have founded the Nizamiye madrassas and turned them into centres where Sunni ideology was being taught. These institutions’ well-known academic success and their high quality of education have attracted 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14004 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14004 Neslihan KARAKUŞ In this work, our purpose is to determine how the Turkish Language is been using by classroom teacher section’s students with checking skills of written expression. We will lay stress on the affect of social vicinity on written expressions for students with noticing hometown, living environment, place where he/she stay across the university education. To handle an objective determination of this affect, examination and analysis has been made on two separate university’s selected students’ written expressions. The study will stays on “environment-language” contributing cause in Turkish education by looking above factors, which the first student group selected from University of Rize Classroom Teacher Section and the second group selected from Marmara University Classroom Teacher Section. This is so important that how and in which scale classroom teachers use Turkish language so they have the massive affect on our students, who are the trust of our future, by involving the most important part of educational part in their life. The second title that this study talks about is, observing the ability of using language by classroom teacher section students. By the way it could be possible to get a more general result because of the study that has been gather data from two separate universities. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14005 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14005 Faik ÖMÜR In this article , it was to tried to determine the problems and their causes which the students face during the first three units of the coursebook named “Deutsch ist Spitze” which is taught for 10th Grades at Anatolia High Schools in the education year of 2008-2009.These were dealt with unit by unit and subtitles In these topics, both the mistakes about grammar, pronunciation, intonation and the mistakes which are made at speaking and writing were examined.These problems are nearly the same in all classes and in different schools. With this work, first, the definition of mother tongue and foreign language was written shortly and then the problems which arose while the language learners were using the native and foreign language were explained step by step with the examples. To sum up, in this article, the wrong usages of German language learners were searched when they practised both Turkish and English. Finally, we aimed to give suggestions to solve these problems. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14006 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14006 Kürşat ÖNCÜL Hunt and hunting is an action to resolve to i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14007 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14007 Kürşat ÖNCÜL Manas Epic has a special importance in terms of Turkısh epic customs by reasons of including items which belong to ancient Turkısh culture. One of the items that the epic includes is practise which are applied abouth magical thinking system and those practices are quite important in terms of following the signs abouth Turkısh thinking system from post to today. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14008 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14008 Emin ÖZDEMİR The Russian occupation of Kazakh was completed at the middles 19 century. Russia has applied over Kazakh a systematic cultural politica for the adaptation of the Kazakhs to Russian empire. To reach the Russian goverment culturel aim, Russian has published the Dala Vilayeti Newspaper. The real reseans for Russian law is to show to their public is; The Turkish people who are living in Russia , their cultural unity were corrapted, To widespread the Russia and Russian schools and Russian occupation of Kazakhs was showen to be possitive. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14009 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14009 Zülküfli ÖZDOĞAN Long vowels have important place in voice system of Kırghız Turkish.Long vowels can be 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14010 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14010 Muna YÜCEOL ÖZEZEN This study has been prepared to conceive the idea that although general usage and general tendencies at syntactic level comprise grammar holistically, words in grammar may accomodate idiosyncratic flexibility and restraints. This idea can thus be applied to two verbs, tercih et- and yeğle- in Turkey Turkish, the former compund verb and the latter derivative verb, both of which carry some idiosyncratic usage as well as some similarities to those of some other vebs. This study has aimed to describe syntactic properties of the two verbs acquiring materials from recently written texts in Turkey Turkish. Although the study has mainly focused on the verbs tercih et- and yeğle-, it has also examined related formulaic expressions of the verbs (yeğ tut-, yeğ bul-, yeğ gör-). 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14011 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14011 Can ÖZGÜR Necati and Hüseyn-i Baykara were two contemporary Turkish poets living in the different parts of Turkish world (Anatolia-Middle Asia) in the second half of the fifteenth century. Necati wrote their poems in Western Turkish (Oguz Turkish), however, Hüseyn-i Baykara wrote in Eastern (Cagatay Turkish). In our study, sample proverbs and idioms which were used in Iyric poems (gazel) in the collected poems 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14012 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14012 Ömer ÖZKAN In this article, it is dealt with concepts of travel and journey in sufism. Travel and journey are important symbols in sufism. Because sufis think that life is like a travel or journey that goes towards perfection. Sufis also think that this travel has got lots of difficulties. But the end of the travel or journey will be well-being. Many of sufistic mesnevîs reflect this idea. So these ideas are evaluated on diffrent kind of sufistic mesnevîs that’s elected in diffrent centuries. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14013 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14013 Selim Hilmi ÖZKAN Zenta War has formed latter of the third Hungary expedition that the Second Murat have campaigned. But wrong battle strategy and difference of opinion between ministers and top officials in this war have brought along Zenta disaster. Ottoman army have been confronted a big clamity even not starting the war. Here history occurred again and similar mistake, even the same of it, made in Saint Gotthard thirty- three years ago has been recurred and it has generated new turning point of Turkish history. Because battle of Zenta has been important in respect to its results until the Second Viena Siege. Ottoman state aimed at returning magnificient days again has stayed in defense by concluding treaty of Karlofça because of losing war. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14014 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14014 Şaban ÖZ We will try to examine the main principles, suggested by Ahmet Agaoglu, about the salvation of Muslims who stayed behinde the civilization and about the civilization from the book called Three Civilizations. He lived himself and supported the three main concepts from time to the called pan-Islamism, Turkism and Westernism. Agaoglu, said in his own book that, they had to accept the Western culture and civilization totally without discriminating it materail and spiritual and he also gave some proofs. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14015 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14015 Rıdvan ÖZTÜRK Livin in Afghanistan Turkomans getting active about announcement of their cultural identity. It has been unionized and puplished book, journal etc. For transition of written litarature from oral literature, formation and improvement of Turkoman written language in region. Having the name of “Mahdumkuli Firagi Culture Guild ”cultural union guild that Afghanistan Turkomans colud have constitued after a troubled period and its puplication agency “Journal of Mecelle-i Gunesh” is an instance which is the most of the situation. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14016 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14016 Rasim Özyürek, The difficulties experienced by the students of Turkic origin in learning Turkish can be listed as follows: The language teachers are not professional enough, the language textbooks teaching Turkish to foreigners are not adequately designed, changes and developments in the language teaching methods are not followed adequately. Actually, this problem arises from the fact there is no language Academy in Turkey. As mentioned by Metin Şahin in his study, the fact that the teachers teaching Turkish to foreigners have usually not undergone training and additionally, that the latter are performing the task only temporarily is another reason why the endeavor is not undertaken with the necessary skill. In his study, Metin Şahin cites many examples of grammatical mistakes that foreign students make while learning Turkish Turkish caused by the confusion between their mother tongue and Turkish Turkish. Based on the results, obtained either through written exercises or surveys, the general conclusion about the problems that foreign students encounter while learning Turkish Turkish is as follows: Foreign students usually do not have any difficulties in the daily use of Turkish. The students have improved 3 of their 4 basic proficiencies in speaking, listening and reading in everyday life use of Turkish, the exception is written proficiency. Their written proficiency has not improved because they practice less. In addition, the most difficult issue for the students is the use of words in connotational meaning. Moreover, beside the connotative or metaphorical meaning and terminology the idioms and proverbs pose another important problem for the students. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14017 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14017 İhsan SAFİ In this study, the relation betwen literary man and politician has been examined. At the beginning, a general information related with the topic from classical Turkish literature has been given, and then an examination of the modern literary works has been preseneted. Since, the first generation of Tanzimat Era mostly lived in a dense socio-politcal atmospher, it has clearly shown the relation taking place litearture and the politics of the time. That is why, in this section, Şinasi, Ziya Paşa and Namık Kemal have mostly been dealt with. The literary men of the other periods haven’t been included in this study, if it was so, the limists of this study wold not be able to handle the exact topic. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14018 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14018 Mustafa SARICA This study is on the forms of verb which acts as a noun like infinitives in Turkish and French languages. It is studied that how Turkish and French descript the universal phenomenon characterized by verb forms that function as adjective and noun. It is also articulated that Turkish language has a lot of variety of word to form an infinitive which express a different category of infinitive. The posterity or anteriority relations formed of verb nouns in every language are studied and morphological and semantic equality questions are discussed. The structures with aspect of infinitive are used in French to make definition of meals. This different approach of infinitive in French make necessary to use a functional view on the languages. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14019 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14019 Yağmur SAY, Karakeçililer has played a big role in Anatolian Islamization and Turkization. They perceived these qualities in XI. Century. First of all they flow to some Anatolian areas with different names like Sarıkeçili, Teke Turcomen, Keçilü troop, etc. The areas that they went, includes all of the Turkish geography. The horde build new villages when passing these areas. Today’s National horde known as Kurdish horde recorded to be a Turk horde and build by Karakeçililer. Karakeçililer mentioned as “Yörükan-ı Karakeçili” ve “Uluyörük” in some şer’iyye records. The pressure on hordes increased by the various social reasons and crisis in XIX. Century. Immigrants whose came from Caucasus and Balkans, caused Karakeçililer to lost their champaign. These kinds of immigration actions had seen sometimes and some Yörük hordes forced to domicile to their mountain pastures and shelter places. Addition to that, some areas burst because of the immigration from the Middle Asia Turks. Some villagers whose living in those areas, went to inner zones and created new villages and some villagers went to the city. Seyitgazi district has been the most important area for the immigrant hordes. Also Ozbekli troop connected to Karakeçililer, formed the biggest population in that area. This troop gave military and economic support to Ottoman Empire in Abdulhamid. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14020 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14020 Ahmet Turan SİNANSezgin DEMİR In Tahsin Yucel’s stories, about the alienation in the society and the corruption, the corrupted and the banal i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14021 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14021 Nesrin SİSBekir GÖKÇE In this study, 12 children’s story books of Gulten Dayıoğlu, one of the prominent Turkish language user, were evaluated in terms of onomatopoeias and set phrases. The frequency of onomatopoeias and set phrases in the stories were determined. At the end of this study, the frequency data is given, and based on the resultant data, the contribution of onomatopoeias and set phrases on Turkish vocabulary regarding reading comprehension and writing skills were generally evaluated. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14022 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14022 Ömer SOLAK The intellectuals of the Ottoman Administrative Reforms (Tanzimat) reflected the essential concepts of age of enlightenment on their works. They explained the perception of humanity as different aspects. But this new “human” wasn’t human that a westerner meanings. He looks at the universe and his confused glances point at the own world with the feelings of inability like easterner man. Tanzimat generations draw a new human which was get share of a hesitation about Westerner civilizations. While Ziya Pasha draws this new human he was also criticizing to i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14023 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14023 Hasan Ali ŞAHİN It can be seen that, in the Old Assyrian society, like in all other societies, the customsand traditions played an important role in giving name. Assyrians that given teophore names, based on the God’s names, to the newborned babies or sometimes they had given some children their ancestors names in accordanca with their beliefs. In addition that unlike girls, the boys had given the expressive and good names. In this study, I will try to evaluate Assyrians beliefs, traditions and values in the framework of the names given to their children. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14024 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14024 Hatice ŞAHİN Kaşgarlı Mahmut who is the most important names between the Turkish world because of the his work in Karahanlı period. Many areas of the Turkish science works has been studied and determined and in terms of Turkish language and culture are based on observation extremely valuable information has been presented by Kaşgarlı increase the value of his work is doubled. Kaşgarlı Mahmut can have accomplished to show Turkish in terms of idioms by means of examples gives in his dictionary. By starting from work used in some of these idioms come without change until today, some of them word changes, some changes in the meaning of the expression is observed whenever looking on the idiom used in the 11.century. Few of the idioms which are in the work are not used today. Work with many idioms in this article only to find idioms are done the names of the organ and these idioms trying to get the views in the Turkish will be discussed. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14025 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14025 İsmet ŞANLIMustafa Fırat TÜMER XVIth century in which Ubeydi lived was the most powerful period of Ottomans politically, militarily, and financially. Arts, artists, and literature attracted the interest and found support of sultans such as Yavuz Sultan Selim, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman, Sultan Selim II, Murat III and Mehmet III who were poets and respectively acquired the throne during this era. As a result, many poets and writers, such as Bâkî, Zâtî, and Kemalpasazate wrote on subjects such as religion, Islamic mysticism, social, and cultural issues. Islam and main issues related to it as well as Islamic mysticism that contributed to the Ottoman government administration and societal life was widely took its place in Ubeydi’s Divan. After providing information on his life, his Divan and literary character, this paper explores the mystic issues in Ubeydi’s poems. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14026 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14026 Arzu ŞEYDA GÜVEN In this study, the importance and place of Muallim Naci have been analized in terms of discussions on Turkish by an emphasis about Naci’s thoughts and suggestions connected with language which is an i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14027 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14027 Tuğça POYRAZ The study is concerned with socio-economic status, economic problems and expectations from Turkey of Turkish people living in Kosovo. The study follows the sociological research methodology and employs both quantative and qualitative data. During the period of January 15, 2006 and May 15, 2006 a survey questionnaire was administrated to a total of 416 subjects in Kosovo. In addition to the survey questionnaire, an interview form that was developed in parallel to the survey questionnaire was administrated to the presidents of the Kosovo-Prizren Turkish Teachers Association, The President of Priştine Truth Association and The Mayor of Mamuşa. The study has three major sections. The first section includes general information about the study, its aims, its significance, and the method employed in the study. The second section that is concerned with the current state of economic activities in Kosovo includes the related reports of OSCE (The Organization for Security and Co-Operation in Europe) and the United Nations. It also includes a detailed description on the distribution of employees in terms of private sector and public sector, rates of unemployment and the distribution of unemployees based on their residence. In the third section, the data obtained through the survey questionnaire and interview form are analysed. The variables analysed in this section are as follows: demographical characteristics of the subjects (residence, gender, educational background, age, occupation), potential economic problems resulted from ethnic identity, the description of economic problems, annual income, additional income generating activities, social assistance provided through public institutions, accomadation, savings, unemployee family members, their expectations from their state and Turkey. The data obtained through the administration of interview form are about the relations with the associations in Turkey, economic problems faced in the country and their activities to solve economic problems. International reports on the topic state that although unemployment is a significant problem that affects the majority of the Kosovo population, it seems to have more significant influences on the minority groups in the country. Therefore, the study deals with the relationships between ethnic identity and economic problems. Given that the past ethnic conflicts experienced in Kosovo have important effects on the current economic problems, solving these problems is very significant. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14028 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14028 Ersin TERES In this article, we will focus on some words which mean armor and shield. We will put forth these instruments’ names, etymology of words and their status in the modern Turkish language and so on. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14029 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14029 Bahir SELÇUK Mecmuas help us for including historical, literary and geographical documents, contribution to several studies. A mecmua written in the 18th century, mentions about Ottoman geography, cities and towns, is now available at the National Library. It is also mentioned about Üsküdar various aspects in the mecmua. In this paper, in the related part of mecmua Üsküdar will be discussed for its residence and social life in the 18th century. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14030 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14030 Ahmet TOKSOY One of important clans of Oghuzs is also Bayındırs. The family which founded Akkoyunlu State belongs to this clan. Akkoyunlu State gained importance in the reign of Karayülük Osman Bey in the eastern and southern east regions. During Timur’s raids to Anatolia, being allied with him, Karayülük Osman Bey had an important role on Anatolia's fate. He fought with Karakoyunlu clan that had its roots with Oghuzs as well as Akkoyunlu clan. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14031 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14031 Selahittin TOLKUN Imperative suffixes have been in use as optative suffixes since the Old Turkic period and still it is used in almost every modern Turkic language and dialect. Morphologically, the imperative mood differs from all other infinite forms since it has a special suffixe used for each person. The imperative mood has more than one forms for the second person plural. To this end, besides the -? suffix, an extended form of plural +lAr or +z has been in use since the Old Turkic period: -?Iz and -?lAr. Modern Kyrgyz on the other hand, has an additional form as -GXlA. This structure is explained in a different way in various sources, which all are based mainly on the emphatic suffix -gIl. However, in our opinion this suffix is based on the suffix -?lAr, which has been in use since the Old Uyghur Turkic period. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14032 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14032 Ersoy TOPUZKANAMIŞ In this study the students’ orthographic achievement of the Turkish Teaching Department of Necatibey Education Faculty of Balikesir University has been analyzed. Purpose of the study is to reveal the level of students’ abilities on the usage of orthography. The research was conducted on first, second, third and fourth year students of above mentioned department. For the study some words of a chosen text misspelled by the researcher and the students were asked to correct the words of which they thought misspelled. The research has revealed that some students have serious deficiencies in spelling of some words. It is possible to say that students’ lack of attention, lack of enthusiasm and lack of delicacy and incoherence of spelling of some words among the spelling books might cause this outcome. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14033 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14033 Lan-Ya TSENG In this article, has been given information about the spelling of Turkish language. . İn the article up spellings that changed in the written language from letter revolution to this day has been taken. Specially on three spelling changes has been focesed. Since 1928 the Turkish spelling of the more consistent in the way that takes quite a distance has been mentioned. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14034 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14034 Fikret TÜRKMENBurak GÖKBULUT The history of folkore study in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus goes back to 1950s. Naturally, there are some studies that existed before this time. We will investigate and evaluate some of the folkore studies (books and articles) that were published in Cyprus and Turkey. We have also attemted to evaluate some B.Sc. projects, M.sc and ph.D thesis from Turkish universities. In addition, we have evaluated the activities of certain societies and foundations in Cyprus. Reference is made to publications of these societies and foundations. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14035 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14035 Kerime ÜSTÜNOVA In Turkish, for the structures including some sentences with the verb “bak-” functioning as the predicate which are combined with another sentence in the latter position, it is not possible to build up a direct structural relation concerning these sentences like “Bakıyorum her geçen gün biraz daha güzelleşiyorsun.”, “Baktım ki bu ödevi yapmayacaksın, başkasına verdim.” etc. Between the former and the latter sentences , it could be found out that there is an existence of another sentence of which predicate is the verb “bak-” or “gör-” and is not able to reach the surface structure: “Bakıyorum, görüyorum ki her geçen gün biraz daha güzelleşiyorsun.”, “Baktım, anladım ki bu ödevi yapamayacaksın, başkasına verdim.” etc. The middle sentence left in the deep structure level, in fact, is the predicate of the latter sentence. Because of this, when the linguistic unit (the last sentence) found in the second part of the structure is dealt alone, it behaves like a complete sentence and what’s more with its inner position also functions as an adjective which serves for another predicate remained in the deep structure. Therefore, in sentence analysis, the former and the latter sentences in the surface structure should be taken into consideration as being two separate and simple sentences connecting with each other through the semantic aspect. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14036 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14036 Omer YAGMUR Fevâihü’l-Miskiyye Fi’l-Fevâtihi’l-Mekkiyye is one of the most important works of Abdurrahmân el-Bistâmî. He completed his work which he wrote in Arabic in 844/1440. It was transleted into Turkish under the name of Terceme-i Kitâb-ı Fevâihü’l-Miskiyye Fi’l-Fevâtihi’l-Mekkiyye. More than a hundrend different sciences are introduced in the work written in the style of science encyclopaedia. One of the first works written in Ottoman period. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14037 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14037 Cevdet YAKUPOĞLU Germiyanoğulları which emerged as a Seljuk’s marcher lordship in Kütahya, Uşak and Denizli provinces after the disintegretion of the Turkey Seljuk State has an important place in the Anatolia Turk history. With the effort of the seignior and statesmen who administered this seigniorial the mentioned region showed a great improvement socially, culturally and economically in the XIV century. It is valuable to examine the role of the Akhis in this improvement who have constructed zaviyes on the roads of provinces, towns and villages in the region, hosted the passerbys, and who are the biggest representatives of the artisan organization in the cities. The Akhis had continued their active proceedings in the region for a long time after the Germiyanoğulları land had successioned to the Ottomans. Below the proceedings of the Akhis in Kütahya, Denizli and surrounding towns and the zaviyes constructed after their names will be dealt. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14038 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14038 Mustafa YENİASIR Solidarity of i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14039 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14039 Yahya YEŞİLYURT Yemen goes under the ottoman rule after 1517. Since then, Yemen was composing southern territory of the State. At the same time, it was the southern policy of the Ottoman Empire. Strategically important, this region has taken place in various states eastern policies. In particular, when England turns its politics toward Yemen, the fight for dominance and profit begins in this region. The Ottoman State, on the other hand, tries to enforce its dominance. Especially in recent years of its rule, the state looks for ways to strengthen its institutions administratively. The state takes up a new policy of controlling its institutions to consolidate the sovereignty. Ali Emirî Efendi, as a policy of the state, has been to Yemen to investigate these institutions. His proposal about this region is realistic and worth attention. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14040 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14040 Mustafa YILDIZ Having been literary language since XIII. century Oghuz Turkish state always has interested in Old Turkish period. So far it had been researched about relation of between Oghuz Turkish and standard language with belonging to own time dialects in old Turkish period as of phonetics, mophological and lexicology. Almost all of thes studies based on Kâşgarlı’s work.Kâşgarlı give to knowledge about relation of between Oghuz Turkish and the other dialects in this work which was approved as first classification of Turkish dialect. We have recognized relation of this two dialect in Memluk area after we have based on Kâşgarlı’s work first time. Nowadays, some work done about the interaction. In this study, we tried to discussing the influence of Oghuz Turkishbasically lexicology in Nogay Turkish which is the one of Kipchak literary group. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14041 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14041 Ayşe AYDIN Clause is a topic that is discussed about structure and meaning. In our working, we study on “clauses according to the meaning” and subheading of that is called “positive clause and negative clause”. We use critical and research method and wanted to display different aspects and then we said our opinion. That is wrong that doing classification in clauses according to the affix that is called “positiviness and negativeness –Ø-/-mA”- . Clause doesn’t have e meaning according to the affix that comes to verb, affix has a function, so it can’t be a criterion for a classification of clauses, clause is a meanings group with main and auxiliary item of it. Finally it is a comment. Meanings of clause can’t be restricted. If you use classification of positive and negative clause, you must use like classification of question or not question clause, command and the other will clauses too. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14042 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14042 Yüsüppcan YASİN Since Chinese had confronted with the Turkish, Chinese interested in the Turkish culture. Thus Chinese had been influenced by Turkish culture. The traces of Turkish culture can be seen in many fields such as field of economics (to keep horse), military, religious (the religious of Gök) and in arts such as music, picture, drama. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14043 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14043 Erdoğan BOZ As a general rule , the subject in Turkish is connected to verb without attaction appendix but it is connected to amplitude, possesion, belonging appendix. We can say with else expression that subject in Turkish is simple state. But we find different structureby reason of various facilities which is supplied by language and especially elllipsis. In this case new evaluation is needed in grammer. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14044 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14044 Zuhal KÜLTÜRAL, The terms are the words, makes people who are the same branches of science art and professions to understand each other and defines the specific concepts of its belonging branch. Beside various grammar books, agreat many of grammar terms dictionaries are written.Without providing a unity of grammar terms, some problems have arisen both at higher and secondary education. For a standardized language education, a solution of the problems about using the terms will be found with eliminating the complexity of terms and concepts and preparing lecture books containing common terms. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14045 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14045 Mehmet SARIVedat BALKAN Kazım Meçi is one of the important poets of the Karaçay Malkar Literature. His poem named;Yaralı Dağ Keçisi is the most famous poem. In this poem, he tells difficulties that he conflict with.Yaralı Dağ Keçisi; is a kind of symbol of poet and his folk in terms of characteristics that living at high,indulging in its liberty. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14046 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14046 Berna AKYÜZ SİZGEN Yakup Kadri and Mithat Cemal, are the same term writer.Both of them attaset, the freedom that II constitutional monarchy brings, the downgrade of the Ottoman Empire, Turkish national war and the Republican Era. They did not only settle for these events also they undertook the task of the expression of these events and they give information about this terms at their consequence.Most of these information are belongs to Istanbul or they are about Istanbul. In Yakup Kadri's stories and Mithat Cemal's Three Istanbul Story there are not a lot of culture and art events that takse place in Istanbul.Most of the actor of the story are not interseted in art.The stories tell about the censorship of the Istanbul art world, i 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14047 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14047 Süleyman DOĞAN In the last decade there have been several attempts in Turkey to improve the quality of the primary education. Various new policies have been introduced and put into practice. However, as I will discuss in my paper, due to lack of planning as well as insufficient infrastructure there arise some significant problems which influence the quality of the education negatively. I will examine two such problems: First of all, extension of the compulsory education from 5 years to 8 years in 1997 has led to some difficulties. Since initially there was not sufficient planning and new buildings, existing school buildings have not been adequate for this extra 3 years of education. The classrooms became overcrowded and the number of students per teacher has increased. This naturally led to a sharp decrease in the quality of the education. A second problem is encountered in the countryside. Previously some small villages had a low number of students and therefore it was not feasible to run schools there. Thus, the state decided to close down some of them and assign some schools in more central regions. Students from these small villages have been provided transportation. However, this new system too has led to some problems. In some cases, as the new schools were too far away, the students had to struggle to reach their schools and faced great problems especially in harsh winter conditions. Inevitably, parents often worried about their children’s safety and well-being and sometimes became reluctant to send them to the school. In brief, insufficient planning and lack of infrastructure brings about adverse consequences for the education. These issues should be addressed for a better future of the children. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14048 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14048 Abdullah Mesut AĞIR 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14049 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14049 Şahabettin GEDİK 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14050 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14050 Ebru SİLAHŞÖR ÖZTÜRK 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14051 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14051 Veysel ŞAHİN 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14052 https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=14052 Pınar VURSUN 2026-07-16