Turkish Studies-Social Sciences, Year 2022 Issue Volume 17 Issue 3

A Study on the Concept of Victim Blaming in Femicide: The Case of Şebnem Şirin's Murder

Gülten ACARTamer KAVURAN — 2024-08-29

With the widespread use of the Internet today, social media has become an integral part of people's lives. One of the social media with various types is participatory dictionaries. Members of participatory dictionaries have the opportunity to open a topic about the topics they want to be on the agenda, to write comments on the topics that have been opened, and to convey their feelings and thoughts to others in this way. Femicide, which is one of the leading problems of the world and Turkey, is also among the topics that are frequently discussed in social media and participatory dictionaries, and it draws people's attention from this aspect. Although expressions of sadness towards the victim and hate towards the perpetrator are frequently found in the dictionary after the femicides, negative comments about the victim are also encountered in some cases. Negative attitudes and behaviors towards the victim are called victim blaming and the accusation of people for being a victim or a victim is mentioned together with this concept. After the murder of Şebnem Şirin, which was committed in Denizli on October 28, 2021 and occupied the country's agenda, this study was carried out by examining the comments made about the victim and the perpetrator in Ekşi Sözlük, which is one of the leading participant dictionaries in Turkey, to accuse the victim and exonerate the perpetrator. It also aims to reveal whether there is a behavior to make the perpetrator less guilty. The sample of the research was selected by the critical situation sampling method, and the comments made under the title of Şebnem Şirin in Ekşi Sözlük constituted a sample. According to the findings obtained as a result of the research, it has been concluded that there is an attitude of blaming the victim against Şebnem Şirin. The attitude of blaming the victim is based on the wrong choice of boyfriend, in other words, the wrong choice of the murdered woman.

Examining The Relationship Between Clinical Leadership, Employee Productivity and Job Stress In Healthcare

Elif BAKKAL ÖZTOKATLITimur KÖSE ,Tuğrul GÜRSOY — 2024-08-29

The aim of this study is to reveal the relationship between clinical leadership, employee productivity and work stress levels according to the perceptions of health care providers operating in health institutions, to determine the effect of clinical leadership on employee productivity and work stress, and to determine the effects of clinical leadership, employee The aim is to find out whether there is a significant difference in productivity and job stress levels. This research, which was conducted in a university hospital in Istanbul, is a descriptive study. In this study, "Personal Information Form", "Clinical Leadership Scale", "Employee Productivity Scale" and "Work Stress Scale" were used as data collection tools for the purpose of the study. The universe of this research consists of approximately 435 healthcare providers with different titles working in a foundation university hospital in Istanbul. The sample of the research consists of 205 institution personnel. The data obtained from this study were analyzed with SPSS 24.0 software and as a result of these analyzes, a positive relationship between clinical leadership and employee productivity, a negative relationship between clinical leadership and work stress, and a negative relationship between work stress and employee productivity were revealed. However, it was found that clinical leadership has an effect on employee productivity and job stress. When it was evaluated whether clinical leadership, employee productivity and job stress perceptions tended to differ according to gender and occupation type variables, no statistically significant difference was found.

Deteriorations and Restoration Works on the Building Elements of the Zile Ulu Mosque

Uğur DEMİRBAĞ — 2024-08-29

Zile town, is 70 km west of the city Tokat, is surrounded Turhal town in east, Artova town in south, Çekerek town of Yozgat province in West and Amasya province in north. Zile is one of the biggest towns of Tokat. The area of the town 1512 km and altitude 710 meters. The settlement was established around a mound rising in the middle of the plain. It is one of the oldest settlements in Anatolia. According to Evliya Çelebi’s Travel Book, it is stated that the city took this name “1643” due to the advancement of carpet and rug weaving here (https://zileturizm.com, 2022). Zile is a very rich town in terms of historical and cultural heritage. This cultural heritage is located traditional urban fabric. There are different types of buildings the traditional urban fabric. One of these structures is mosques. Mosque structures are quite abundant in Zile. One of these mosques is Zile Ulu Mosque. The buildings were generally built in the late period of the Ottoman state. Mosque reflect the culture and art environment of the Turkish İslamic tradition in terms of architecture and decoration. Zile Ulu Mosque located in central town and resembles the Early Period Ottoman Architecture in terms of architecture and decoration. Some problems have occurred on the building elements of the mosque in the late period. Various interventions have been made against these problems. The most extensive repairs were made in 2010. In the study, the drawings were taken from the archives of the necessary institutions, organizations and individuals. The images of the building were taken by me. Zile Ulu Mosque, which was restored in 2010, an evaluation has been made in terms of today by comparing the studies between the pre-restoration and post-restoration studies.

Semiotic Analysis of Hollywood Made Disaster Films in the Context of Cultural Diplomacy

Meltem GÜZEL — 2024-08-29

Cultural diplomacy is under public diplomacy and constitutes one of the soft power sources of countries. Cultural diplomacy can be considered as all kinds of cultural activities carried out by states in order to increase their own prestige and to be in contact with other states. With the developments in communication technologies in the 21st century, among the cultural diplomacy activities that countries have begun to focus on, cinema, which has managed to reach large masses in a short time, comes to the fore. The creator of the concept, Joseph S. Nye Jr, states in his book "Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature of American Power" that the United States is the largest country in the international arena in the use of soft power. The United States of America, which has focused on cultural diplomacy activities especially after the Cold War Period, uses cinema effectively for this purpose through the Hollywood Film Industry. The aim of this study is to reveal how the USA uses cinema to adopt its ideology and foreign policy to "others". In this study, the scope of which is limited to disaster movies, movies made in Hollywood are scanned and movies with events affecting the whole world are determined. Six films named “Independence Day”, “Armageddon”, “Deep Impact”, “2012”, “The Day After Tomorrow” and “Geostrom” that meet this condition are analyzed with semiotic analysis method. This study is important in terms of showing how the disaster films, which intend to entertain the audience with action scenes enabled by the possibilities of technology, serve the cultural diplomacy activities of the United States. For this reason, the main questions of the study were tried to be answered by analyzing the examples of disaster issues that affect the whole world at the same time, which are included in the Hollywood-made disaster films for the research, by analyzing the semiotics method. According to the results obtained, the United States of America benefits from Hollywood-made disaster films in order to adopt its ideology and foreign policy, especially in social, cultural, political and economic fields. Although the subjects in the disaster films examined may seem different, there are common points that show that these films are used as soft power elements in many areas from the visuals included in the film to the narrative structures of the films.

Comparison of Joint Position Sense, Serve Speed and Upper Extremity Performances of Adult and Adolescent Tennis Athletes

Bünyamin HAKSEVERÇağlar SOYLU ,Abdullah Samet ER — 2024-08-29

Tennis is a sport that requires speed, flexibility, agility, dynamic balance, explosive power, anaerobic and aerobic conditioning, and the ability to react and predict quickly. In the literature, there are studies examining the relationship between elite tennis players' physical fitness, serve speed, range of motion, and strength according to age groups, but no study comparing adult and adolescent tennis players' joint position sense, serve speed, and upper extremity performances. This study was planned to compare the joint position sense, serve speed and upper extremity stability performances of adult and adolescent elite tennis players. A total of 51 male tennis players under 18 (n=21; aged: 14.19±1.59 years) and 18 and over (n=30; aged: 22.77±5.81 years) took part in this study. The serve speed was evaluated with radar, the upper extremity stability performances were obtained by the closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test (CKCUEST), and the laser-pointer assisted angle reproduction test was used to evaluate shoulder joint position senses. Serve speed, CKCUEST values and right side laser-pointer assisted angle reproduction test error angle values were higher in the group aged 18 and over (p<0.05). The difference in the left side laser-pointer assisted angle reproduction test error angle value between age groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Age factor should be taken into consideration in improving the performance of tennis players, planning training programs and evaluating performance.

Relationship of Changes in Wheat Yield in Turkey with Temperature and Precipitation Conditions

Cemil İRDEM — 2024-08-29

This study it is aimed to determine the spatial and temporal changes observed in wheat yield (except durum wheat) in Turkey between the years 2004-2020 and to reveal the yield relations with temperature and precipitation conditions in the context of climate change. Statistical analyses were carried out in three stages. At the first stage, the interannual changes in Turkey's annual wheat yield (excluding durum wheat) were determined by regional comparisons. For this purpose, a province has been selected for each region to represent that region. The statistical relationships between the monthly average temperature dec monthly total precipitation data and the annual wheat yield were analyzed in the second stage. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and simple linear regression analysis method were used in statistical analysis. At the last stage, changes in wheat yield according to possible climate change scenarios in Turkey have been discussed. While the region with the highest wheat yield in Turkey in the 2004-2020 period is the Marmara Region, the region with the lowest in the Eastern Anatolia Region. In the same period, yield increased in 83.5% of the provinces with wheat production data. The relationships between precipitation and yield are more potent than the temperature yield relationships. There is a positive relationship between temperatures and yield in the sowing period in Central Anatolia, Southeastern Anatolia, and Eastern Anatolia regions. At the same time, there is a negative relationship in the earing period. Both temperature-yield and precipitation-yield relations are weaker during the harvest period than in other phenological periods. According to the RCP8.5 scenario produced from the GFDL-ESM2M global climate model data prepared by the General Directorate of Meteorology, the increase in winter temperatures in Turkey for 2016-2040 will adversely affect the wheat yield mainly in the Mediterranean and Marmara regions. According to the same scenario, the decrease in precipitation, especially in Central Anatolia and Southeastern Anatolia regions, may cause a reduction in yield in these regions.

The Other in the Modern Mentality, Online Hate Speech, and Islamophobia: A Review on Instagram

Gülhanım KARAOĞLU — 2024-08-29

The mass media plays a primary role in producing, transforming, and legitimizing hate speech. Especially social media platforms and online environments are areas where hate speech is widespread. The spread of new communication technologies has also led to increased online hate speech. Islamophobia, which is the primary motivation of political-military decisions and social relations in western societies after the events of September 11, has led to the rise of religious-based and hateful discourses against Islam in online environments and traditional media. However, this confrontational and aggressive language towards Islam indicates not only the religious marginalization of Muslims but also a constructed hierarchical positioning. Islam is considered as the other of the West in terms of religion, culture, ethnicity, and politics. The aim of the study is to explain the hierarchical position of Islam, which is positioned as the other, and the phenomena associated with Islam, in the western mentality; to discuss the relationship between western metaphysics and modern mentality of posts that are considered hate speech in the context of new communication technologies and online hate speech. For this purpose, the contents shared with #stopislam and #stopislamineuropa hashtags on Instagram, one of the popular social media platforms, were examined. In these posts, which were subjected to deconstructive reading, the context of hate speech against Islam was discussed and its relationship with western supremacist distinctions was examined. It has been concluded that the discursive patterns targeting the Islamic belief are intertwined with all the narratives positioned hierarchically in the western mentality.

Evaluation of Exercise Dependence Levels of Veteran Athletes

Mehmet KARTALGamze MURATHAN ,Fatih MURATHAN ,Adnan ASLAN — 2024-08-29

Due to the increase in technological tools and equipment in today's conditions, a transition towards an inactive life is observed in people. This lifestyle leads to the emergence of many diseases. It can be said that it is possible to prevent these diseases with physical activity, to increase muscle strength and endurance, to prevent obesity, to reduce cardiovascular diseases, chronic pain and some types of cancer. However, regular physical activity has both positive and negative effects. Excessive uncontrolled physical activity can cause exercise dependence. In the light of this information, this research was carried out to determine the exercise dependence levels of veteran athletes and to examine the effects of various variables. The population of the research consists of athletes who have a veteran sports license in the branch of football. The sample group consists of 334 veteran athletes over the age of 35 who are actively licensed in the 2021-2022 football season. The Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS-21), which was developed by Hausenblas and Symons Downs (2002) and adapted into Turkish by Yeltepe and İkizler (2007), was used as a data collection tool in the study. Ethics committee approval was obtained for the research from Adıyaman University Social and Human Sciences Ethics Committee with the decision numbered 159 dated 02/12/2021. As a result of the research, the level of exercise dependence was associated with three main factors. The asymptomatic group constitutes 54.49% (182) of the total population, 26.92% (49) of this population is female and 73.07% (133) is male veteran athletes. The group showing signs of exercise dependence (symptomatic) and dependent constitutes 45.50% of the research group. As a result, it was determined that 6.29% (21) of the veteran athletes participating in the study were exercise dependent.

The Effects of the 2008 Global Economic Crisis on Employment Expectations of Youth, Tekirdag Province Example

Süleyman ÖZMEN — 2024-08-29

In the early 2000s, investors in the US market saw the opportunity to get more returns from the housing industry, triggering the 2008 Global Financial Crisis. Although this crisis actually started in August 2007, it was named the 2008 Crisis because it became widespread in 2008. The crisis, which started in the mortgaged housing market in the USA, affected the entire global economy through derivative products. This crisis, which started with the flexible use of financial derivatives without adequate analysis, spread all over the world with the domino effect and affected countries. In this study, the problem of unemployment, which is one of the effects of the crisis, will be discussed and the problems it caused on the youth in our country will be examined. Today, unemployment is one of the main problems not only in some countries but also in the whole world. Although there are many causes of global unemployment, the most fundamental reason is undoubtedly neoliberal policies that add a global dimension to unemployment. The neoliberal view argues that a country that abandons protectionism and does not resist free trade can achieve economic growth and that the unemployment problem can be solved by increasing employment when the economy achieves sustainable growth. This study aims to determine the structure, social life, awareness levels, problems, quality of life, and future expectations of young adults between the ages of 18 and 24 living in Tekirdağ. The questionnaires valid for the selected sample were prepared according to the size of the community, taking into account the population of Tekirdağ. The survey data obtained in this study were obtained between 11 September and 23 November 2019. In our survey study, CAPI (Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing) face-to-face survey method was applied.

A Traditional Dish of Mengen: Stuffed Kaldırık

Tufan SÜREN — 2024-08-29

Local dishes are one of the valuable elements of gastronomic tourism. The promotion of local dishes plays an important role in stimulating tourism activities and increasing their income, especially in regions with low tourism potential. In this direction, bringing local dishes to the academic literature contributes to gastronomy tourism. In this study, the traditional production of "stuffed kaldırık (kaldırık dolması)", one of the local dishes of Mengen, the characteristics of the dish and the plant, its service and its importance in local culture, were revealed and it was aimed to record the food in order to preserve it and not be forgotten. The study was carried out by interview technique as a qualitative research. The ethics committee permission document required for the collection of data used in this study was obtained at the Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University Ethics Committee meeting numbered 03, dated 23.03.2022, with the research code 2022/72. The study included 11 people residing in Mengen, over the age of 60, who knew how to cook and had experience. In line with the information of the participants, the special days and times when the food was made with traditional cooking were determined. As a result of the study, it was determined that kaldirik leaf which is the basic raw material of the food, was collected from the forest in May-June and should be dried quickly or boiled and frozen for preservation. The food; it is a local stuffed dish made by putting the stuffing made of corn flour, wheat flour, milk, salt, carbonate and roasted onions on a leaf and wrapping it. The meal is especially served on holidays and when a fellow countryman who does not reside in Mengen comes to the district. One participant cooked the meal under the supervision of the researcher. In this way, the preparation of the dish was revealed, the recipe was supported by photographs, and as a result, the standard recipe of the dish was created. It is thought that local food studies should increase, businesses and gastronomy professionals should prioritize local foods in order to protect the local dishes of Mengen, increase its awareness, and contribute to local tourism.

Big Data Problematic in Social Sciences of Fourth Generation Human Rights

Beyza YILMAZEmre ÖZCAN — 2024-08-29

Recently, new approaches have emerged in human rights due to the developments in science and technology that have reached alarming dimensions for humanity. Although these approaches do not reach a legal certainty, they come together in fourth generation human rights. The rights considered among the fourth generation human rights are bioethical rights, the right to cyberspace, the right to protect personal data, etc. In particular, the protection of personal data is a prominent emphasis in the human rights literature, as it is a much more inclusive and widespread issue. One of the most important threats to the right to personal data protection is big data theme. The use of big data is increasing day by day. While big data has become a common tool in the context of “digital state” in both public and private institutions and organizations, it has become an expanding methodology in many fields of social sciences, such as sociology, politics, and social work. Big data studies are preferred because they have a high representative power and focus on homogenized groups. Whether the protection of personal data is taken into account in these studies is an important debate. At this point, researchers are expected to expand their ethical responsibilities both to protect research groups and not to characterize their work in a way that serves the interests of various focuses. On the other hand, research groups should be aware that they are also responsible for what purposes and by whom their personal data will be used. In line with these, this study evaluates the dilemmas created by big data studies in different fields of social sciences in the focus of protection of personal data.

Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu, Ottoman Science Heritage

Filiz KALYON — 2024-08-29