https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=sayi_detay&sayi_id=1625 Turkish Studies - Language and Literature en 2024-08-29 <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Ankara Bilim &Uuml;niversitesi</p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Maltepe Kamp&uuml;s&uuml;</p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;">Maltepe Mahallesi Şehit G&ouml;nen&ccedil; Caddesi No: 5 &Ccedil;ankaya, ANKARA</p> <p style="margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>Web: </strong><a href="https://ankarabilim.edu.tr">https://ankarabilim.edu.tr</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>Telefon:</strong> <a href="tel:4442228">444 22 28</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 6.0pt 0cm .0001pt 0cm;"><strong>E-mail:</strong>&nbsp;<a href="mailto:info@ankarabilim.edu.tr">info@ankarabilim.edu.tr</a></p> https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=51103 https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=51103 Ahmed A A ALFARRA One of the challenges facing security analysts and administrators is to enable intrusion detection in network systems, preventing intruders from entering the network. Network intrusion detection is usually signature-based and plays an effective role in detecting only known attacks. However, there are concerns about unknown attacks and the difficulty arises here. Which requires creating a model that can detect network attacks by discovering anomalies in the network. Therefore, in this article, an approach to detecting attacks is presented by monitoring the behavior of data and training it to distinguish between network traffic, which is normal traffic, and traffic that is classified as an attack on the network. The known database was used NSL-KDD, a dataset that monitors network traffic including various types of network attacks and detects normal traffic, it also contains numerous patterns and features. It includes 41 features for each traffic and is divided into five classifications. The four types are classified as types of network attacks and the fifth as normal traffic. One of the difficulties and problems is the existence of a wide variety of features. This requires finding a way to extract features that can have a significant impact on the results to achieve greater accuracy in classifying the type of attack. For this reason, principal component analysis PCA technology has been used to reduce feature sizes. Six models were created which are hybrid algorithms to optimize the performance of a multi-layer neural network by training their weights to classify the attack type in the network. A two hidden layer deep neural network was designed, and their weights were trained by designing six hybrid models. These models are hybrid algorithms based on four optimization algorithms which are Genetic Algorithm, Artificial bee colony algorithm, firefly algorithm, and Jaya algorithm. Several metrics were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed models. This paper contributed to finding an effective network intrusion detection methodology and developing a deep neural network by building effective optimization algorithms. Where the proposed algorithms performed well with accuracy ranging from 77.177% to 85.077%. The proposed algorithms also achieved a low MSE loss rate close to zero with an MSE value of 9.99868e-05. Also, precision values range from 82 to 97%, and most of the proposed algorithms achieved high rates when calculating the sensitivity and specificity. The proposed models have contributed to finding a high-performance methodology for detecting intrusion on the network and contributed to proving that the hybrid algorithms used are effective and help to the optimization can be used in other studies. 2024-08-29 https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=49974 https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=49974 Melike BOLATTülün MALKOÇ In this study, it was carried out to enable gifted and talented children to discover, recognize and develop their social skills through musical education. In this research using experimental method; It has been investigated how effective the social skills levels of gifted and talented children and music education can be. The study group of the research consisted of students studying in the Gifted and Talented Education Program (ÜYEP) in a private educational institution in Istanbul. The Social Skills Evaluation Scale (7-12 years old) developed by Gönül Akçamete and Hasan Avcıoğlu was applied to the experiment (n = 9) and control (n = 9) groups, which were randomly selected among 18 students. Experimental group; one hour per week an enriched to improve social skills developed by researcher with researcher music while working training program, and also one hour per week at the Ministry of Education with the school's music teacher, music lessons and continued their musical education through the program. The control group continued their music education with the music teacher of the school for two hours a week with the Ministry of National Education Music lesson program. At the end of 12 weeks, a post-test was applied to the experimental and control groups and the data were analyzed statistically. In the results obtained by analyzing the data; at the end of the application process, a positive development was observed in the experimental group's basic social skills, basic speaking skills, initiation skills, group business skills, emotional skills, self-control skills and cognitive skills. In the control group; basic conversational skills, relationship skills to initiate, maintain relations skills, the ability to welcome the results were seen in a positive direction in the development of guidelines making skills and cognitive skills. It was confirmed that music education improves the social skills of the students in both the experimental and control groups. 2024-08-29 https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=51593 https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=51593 Eyüp ÇALIK Employee selection is one of the most important problems in the recruitment process of companies. Because selecting the right candidate among many applications for a single position can cause a long time and a high cost. Therefore, this is a process that needs to be carried out carefully, especially for companies operating in sectors with a high turnover rate and having a large number of employees. In this context, in addition to the classical methods used in employee selection, multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods are widely used in the literatüre while the use of prediction models with machine learning algorithms has increased significantly in recent years. However, while there is no national publication in which MCDM and machine learning methods are discussed together in employee selection, in international literature, machine learning methods are generally considered as inputs of MCDM methods, but there is no study in which the results are compared. Therefore, within the scope of this study, the question of how these two approaches can be combined in employee selection theoretically has been tried to be answered by examining the employee selection literature. As a result of the evaluations, it was concluded that MCDM and machine learning methods can be used as 4 different alternatives in employee selection problems. Therefore, with these alternative approaches, both a data-driven and a predictive approach will be used in employee selection. The results are expected to enable researchers in this field and recruitment professionals practitioners to handle employee selection problems with a novel viewpoint. 2024-08-29 https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=52102 https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=52102 Ali Ekber GÜLERSOYHilal YENER ,Tuğçe TURGUT ,Dilay Melis ÖZŞAHİN ,Deniz Anter AÇIKGÖZ Factors such as profit-oriented economic systems and population growth have brought natural resources to the point of exhaustion and have caused great damage to ecological systems. It is obvious that the basic solution to the environmental problems caused by this situation is that people have environmental awareness and show positive behavior patterns about the environment. This solution should be provided through environmental education. In this article, the development stages of environmental education, international developments, environmental education policies and practices of countries were examined, and suggestions were developed for the ideal environmental education policy. Activities on environmental education came to the fore at the global level with the international environmental conferences held in the 1970’s, and these conferences formed the basis of environmental education policies and practices of most of the countries. From the past to the present, the concept of environmental education has turned into the concept of sustainable development education. When the practices of the countries examined in the article are looking over, it has been determined that environmental education is generally given with a multi-disciplinary method in formal education, out-of-class activities such as nature education are preferred, eco-school practices are available in some countries, and special environmental education policies are designed and implemented in some countries. It has been determined that NGOs, media and environmental associations support environmental education in many countries and their activities should be increased. Among the suggestions are that environmental education should be included in the scope of lifelong learning, attention should be paid to the implementation phase of the determined environmental education policies, environmental education should be included as a compulsory course in formal education, educators should be competent in the field of environmental education, and economic development should be planned and implemented in a way that does not disturb the balance of the environment. 2024-08-29 https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=52174 https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=52174 Murat KÜÇÜKEBE In the past, instrument making was a profession that continued with knowledge transferred from master to apprentice as the traditional method deems appropriate. Today, the profession in question has gained an academic identity through the instrument making departments opened in our universities, along with the traditional method carried out in market conditions and has become a scientific and artistic practice and research area that attracts more and more attention abroad, as well. However, although there are many written documents about the history of Turkish music, there are very few written sources about the producers of the instruments used in performance, their working styles or the characteristics of the instruments produced. With a general evaluation, information on the subject is mostly obtained through the recordings and notes made by the producers of the few instruments that have survived until today. However, a second source that contributes to the formation of the aforementioned information is some scraps of information obtained from the memories of old musicians. It is known that due to the scarcity of instrument museums and quality inventory studies in our country, many historically important instruments succumbed to bad conditions and disappeared over time. It is seen that a serious morphological examination has not yet been made for the few instruments that have survived the bad conditions due to the fact that the 'method' problem has not been overcome. Taking into account the problem briefly summarized above, this study aims to present a proposal for a morphological examination method to the benefit of practitioners who want to make artistic works based on scientific foundations in the field of organology and applied organology. Together with the cross-sectional images to be obtained through the use of computerized tomographic scanning technology on a historically important classical kemençe, the aforementioned examination will contribute both to the above-mentioned issues and the instrument museum and inventory studies in our country. The study was found ethically appropriate by the Social and Human Sciences Research and Publication Ethics Committee of Dokuz Eylül University in line with the decision no.10 taken on 07.07.2021. 2024-08-29 https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=49699 https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=49699 Emre S. ÖZMEN World giant retailers’ sales data competes with stock exchange data in respect to latency, where the number one reason is the number of transactions, it is around few hundreds per second and it only goes up in time being. This emerges the idea of making an ideal application area for time series, however the field looks like lacking comparisons. This is an attempt to address its dynamics with a generic reference data that was published with Walmart retail figures. Time series has a long list of predictive models, however they are all based on regression and the problem is that regression is not always make the leader model. Here we explored the possible performance bottlenecks with most popular techniques, like ARIMA/SARIMA derivative and try to answer if regression limits time series foundations. Does the best fit with ARIMA derivatives always give the best scores? In other words, per time-series performance, does this make a lagging or leading factor? This situation created two new question groups for future studies. The first was concerned with the possibility that time series, which have not yet been exemplified in the world, are based on classification models rather than regression. In other words, the possible positive effect of fuzzy logic applications on performance, which matches the size of the classification models that produce output in binary number order with the size of turnover in pre-output estimates based on probability percentages. The second was the fact that time series, which by definition do not accept data other than time, will not produce an important factor, and to what extent this effort might be needed. 2024-08-29 https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=52312 https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=52312 Fatmagül SAKLAVCI The dragon is one of the winged mythological and legendary figures with the head of a crocodile, lion, wolf or dog, its body in the form of a snake or fish. The figures, depicted in Islamic art, became widespread after the Turks came to Asia Minor and Iran, and were used extensively in the works of the Anatolian Seljuk period. In the period between H. 605 / M. 1208 and H. 777 / M. 1375 in medieval Anatolian Turkish architecture, dragon figures were depicted on the tails of lions, on the wings of double-headed eagle and sirens as mythological figures. In this study, based on these applications in architectural structures, the symbolic meanings of the figure in different periods and cultures were investigated, and evaluations and comparisons were made about its use in stone, metal and woodworking, miniature and tile arts. During the period, 20 figures were identified in 8 structures, including 2 castles, 2 caravanserais, 1 mosque, 1 zawiya and 2 cupolas. The double-headed eagle with dragon wings are located in Niğde Hüdavend Hatun Tomb and Divriği Ulu Mosque. Dragon tailed lions are located in Hasankeyf Castle Small Palace, Ulu Body Bastion, Kesikköprü Han, Hüdavend Hatun Vault, Dazya Village Lodge and Erçiş Zortul Vault. 2 of the structures are Artuqid, 2 Anatolian Seljuk, 1 Mengücek, 1 İlhanlı, 1 Eretna, 1 Karakoyunlu period. The figures, were located on the exterior of the buildings are generally depicted in the Seljuk style. In the castle, inn and mosque, it is thought that lion and double-headed eagles which are symbols of sun, usually represent the sultan and power, dragons which are symbols of moon, underground, dark, represent the enemy. They represent two opposite principles on the same figure and are depicted much stronger together. In the tombs the dragon figures, which are depicted together with the eagle and siren figures, are used as amulets to protect the person lying in the tree of life designs. The research has shown that the dragon figures, which shed light on the cultural levels and social lives of the communities they belong to, have not lost their meaning in the historical process and have preserved their functional characteristics, even though they are included in different works of art in different eras and cultures. 2024-08-29 https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=51744 https://turkishstudies.net/language?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=51744 Banu YÜCELEsra ERTUĞRUL TOMSUK Since the 18th century, women have struggled to have equal rights with men in the social and cultural field. In the 20th century, they continued their struggle for recognition in the art environment in the direction of accepting the works they produced without being underestimated. First generation feminist artists set out to write a new art history by researching women artists who existed until that time, or they boldly expressed their discourse on the female body. On the other hand, the women artists of the next period wanted to be in the art environment only as an artist, independent of the woman's body and identity. Some of these artists found the power of expression in conceptual art, and some of them made a sound with their performances. Mierle Laderman Ukeles, who has made remarkable performances, expresses a discourse she developed based on her personal life through her performances. The artist took the invisible cleaning, cooking and repair works in a new context and named this new practice “The Art of Maintenance”. Mierle Laderman Ukeles, who expresses the main duties assigned to women with performance art as a new artistic understanding, has brought this labor to the surface by transforming the invisible labor of women into art. In this study, qualitative research method was used. In line with the purpose of the research, the struggle of women artists to have a voice in the art environment, starting from the feminist art movements, was searched in the literature, the documents were examined, and the internet resources were reached. In this direction, the works of Mierle Laderman Ukeles, who developed her own art practice by transferring her experiences in social life as a woman to performance art, were examined. 2024-08-29