https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=sayi_detay&sayi_id=1243 Turkish Studies-Information Technologies and Applied Sciences en 2026-07-16 Ankara Bilim Üniversitesi https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=43795 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=43795 Yusuf AKGÜL In today's world, every individual, institution or legal entity may experience financial losses due to their activities and experience financial losses or other intangible losses. Some of these losses are also related to human health, and many are fatal events. The most well-known way to compensate for such losses is the insurance made in advance for material or intangible losses for such events. In this way, the insured share the financial losses that can be measured with money, which may be caused by the dangers they face, through the premiums they have paid in small amounts determined. Insurance is expressed as a way to compensate for any loss financially. Insurance is a service with different scopes provided by insurance companies and aims to compensate for financial losses. Insurance is a risk transfer system in which individuals who face the same type of danger, the amount collected in the form of paying a certain amount of money, is used only to cover the losses of those who are directly damaged by the realization of that danger. Insurance companies are required to keep the necessary amount of equity to fulfill their obligations and losses that may arise from potential risks arising from their activities. Calculating the required capital can sometimes be complicated for insurance companies. Therefore, flexible solution methods can be used. In this study, estimates of the variables used to calculate the equity of pension insurance companies operating in Turkey are made using fuzzy goal programming. The data of pension insurance companies covering 2016-1 and 2019-4 periods were used in the study. As a result of the study, it was seen that the most effective variables in the estimation of equity were period net profit (DNK) and profit reserves (KRY). Previous year profits (GYK) and past year losses (GYZ) were observed to be ineffective variables. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=45433 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=45433 Ayça AVCI In the study, a new educational content was proposed, which is thought to be included in music teaching programs. In order to support the proposal, the document review method, one of the qualitative research types, was used in the study. During the literature review process of the research, the studies were reached by using Google academic, EBSCO databases, Eric, Web of Science indexes. As a result of the document scanning process; Thirty-three (33) studies in total that form the conceptual framework as two (2) SAMR models, sixteen (16) ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) and fifteen (15) TPACK (TPACK) models were reached. As a result of the examination of the studies, conceptual frameworks related to "Digital Technopedagogical Music Education" are included in the findings section of the study and a new content of music education, "Digital Technopedagogical Music Education", is proposed in relation to these conceptual frameworks. In the study carried out, it was emphasized that the programs in the music teaching departments were insufficient for the qualifications of the music teachers who should have been in the digital age and therefore the undergraduate programs of music teaching should be developed. As a result of the research, within the framework of academic studies supporting these expressions, it is stated that “Digital Technopedagogic Music (DiTeM) Education” is a necessary field for each music teaching department. As a result of the sources used, it can be stated that the necessary conditions can be provided for the training of digital age music teachers by providing the necessary equipment, human resources and courses in the field of digital technopedagogical music education in music education programs. At the end of the research, the items that are thought to be in order to be included in the "Digital Technopedagogical Music Education" music teaching programs were proposed. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=44220 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=44220 Özge DOĞUÇÖmer Berkay AYTAÇ , Gökhan SİLAHTAROĞLU Recently, various studies have been conducted in the field of Turkish natural language processing. These studies require a smart system that has the capability of answering Turkish questions, translating articles into another language, summarizing the articles, and sending automatic replies to e-mails. The need to find the correct roots of Turkish words is the basis of the aforementioned capabilities. Although various methods of finding Turkish roots have been given in the literature, success rates are generally low due to the complex structures of Turkish words. In this study, a root finding system (Lemmatizer) has been developed using the agglutinating structure of Turkish words and its comparison with the Zemberek and Snowball methods is given. The Lemmatizer system is written in Python and is based on more than 130 most frequently used suffixes and TDK dictionaries in Turkish. In addition, statistical analysis was performed using the Knime platform. For this study, firstly the Lemmatizer system was trained with many Turkish articles and books and it has continuously improved its repertoire. At the same time, thanks to the feedback received using the Turkish suffix and root database called Kalbur, the accuracy rate has increased continuously. The results of the Lemmatizer system were compared with the Zemberek and Snowball methods previously made in terms of both number and accuracy. Turkish texts of different lengths were used for comparison. It has been shown that the Lemmatizer method gives results close to the Snowball and Zembere methods, and the success rate increases with each new text, thanks to its ability to learn using the TDK dictionary. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=44127 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=44127 Selami ERYILMAZ The people need to have high communication, cooperating, problem-solving, knowing the ways to reach the information, using technology at the highest level while reaching information, having a creative and critical thinking perspective, open to new ideas, fulfilling their responsibilities with self-management, social and cultural skills, productive and leadership skills to have a better education or business life in this century. In this study, the scale used in a study on 21-st century learning measures in West Virginia; Critical Thinking Skills, Collaboration Skills, Communication Skills, Creativity and Innovation Skills, Self-Direction Skills, Global Connections, Local Connections and Using Technology as a Tool. It is a five-step Likert-type scale, consisting of 8 subscales and 73 items each with two factors. The data obtained by applying the 8 sub-scale data collection tool final scale form to 331 students consisting of students were processed into the SPSS-21 program. According to the confirmatory factor analysis; The scale consists of two sub- and eight main factors. When the factor loadings of the items in the factors, the eigenvalues of the factors and the explained variance ratios are considered, it can be said that the scale has construct validity. In order to determine the validity of the scale (similar scales or present), the related field literature review was conducted; The validity of similar scales could not be calculated because a similar scale could not be found in terms of content and purpose. For the internal consistency of the scale; Cronbach alpha reliability coefficients were examined. According to the obtained values, it can be said that the scale can make reliable measurements. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=44680 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=44680 Hasan Ufuk GÖKÇEKamil Umut GÖKÇE Energy efficiency regarded as a major determinant of energy policy for the main reason that it is the cheapest energy source. International Energy Agency (IEA) use the term “first fuel” to describe energy efficiency, considering it to be a major energy resource. This contributes to security of supply, competitive energy prices and environmental protection. In this work, techo-economic analysis of a cost effective building energy optimization system consisting of 12 different wireless network embedded sensors, control units (actuators), wireless communication protocol, multi-dimensional data warehouse, graphical user interfaces and energy optimization software with artificial intelligence backed control algorithms is examined. The research and development activity is carried within the “Indigenous Sensor Development for Energy Efficient Buildings” research project which is supported by “The Scientific and Research Council of Turkey” (TÜBİTAK) - Teydeb 1501 Industry Research and Development Projects programme between the years 2014 and 2018. The developed system has been tested, and energy efficiency levels were measured at the Boğaziçi University North Campus Technology Center (TEKMER), EOS Sustainable Energy Solutions A.Ş. firm's laboratory between the years 2014-2018. It has been recorded that the system provides energy efficiency levels between the lowest 30,23% - the highest 41,27% under different seasonal and occupancy conditions. The techno economic analysis of the developed system has been examined based on indicators for the multiple benefits gained through intelligent optimisation of energy consumption in the residential and office buildings. Indicators used in this research are aligned with existing legislative frameworks, specifically the methods and performance indicators presented in ISO 52016 and the European Commission’s Delegated Regulation No. 244/2012, proposed to assess the cost optimality of building efficiency when implementing the EU Directive for the Energy Performance of Buildings. The analysis is accomplished within the framework of three main indicators. These are economic indicators including calculations of lifetime cost and payback rate methods, resource use indicators including the calculation of reduced energy use as a result of the energy efficiency provided by the system, social indicator including additional disposable income calculations and environmental indicators including calculations depicting the benefits of reducing harmful emissions. Analysis results illustrate that building energy optimisation systems provide a cost effective method for promoting energy efficiency goals. Results of the indicators shows monetizable benefits for the building occupant in resource use, return on investment, and social impact, as well as quantifiable benefits for easing the harmful effects of climate change phenomenon. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=43963 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=43963 Kamil Umut GÖKÇEHasan Ufuk GÖKÇE In this work, a cost effective building energy optimization system consisting of 12 different wireless network embedded sensors, control units (actuators), wireless communication protocol, multi-dimensional data warehouse, graphical user interfaces and energy optimization software with artificial intelligence based control algorithms is examined. The research and development activity is carried within the “Indigenous Sensor Development for Energy Efficient Buildings” research project which is supported by “The Scientific and Research Council of Turkey” (TÜBİTAK) - Teydeb 1501 Industry Research and Development Projects programme between 2014 and 2018. The “EOS Energy Optimization System”, which is subject to this research, reduces the total energy use of buildings through optimisation of energy-consuming building systems such as heating, cooling, lighting systems and home/office appliances with the support of an integrated system consisting of artificial intelligence based software and wireless hardware. The developed system has been tested, and energy efficiency levels were measured at the Boğaziçi University North Campus Technology Center (TEKMER), EOS Sustainable Energy Solutions A.Ş. firm's office and laboratory areas between the years 2014-2018. It has been recorded that the system provides energy efficiency levels between the lowest 30,23% - the highest 41,27% under different seasonal and occupancy conditions. The developed system can be deployed to all types of historical and new buildings to reduce energy consumption. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=45551 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=45551 İlkay ÖKSÜZ Accurate left atrial (LA) segmentation from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the key challenges for achieving higher precision atrial fibrillation ablation, quantification of fibrosis and enabling electromechanical modelling of the heart. However, due to motion blur caused by heart movement and inconsistent intensity patterns near the atrial border, automating left atrial segmentation is a challenging task. In this work, we propose a hybrid approach, where we combine a convolutional neural network with conditional random fields to fully automatically delineate the LA from cardiac volumetric MRI. We first generate a coarse segmentation using U-net architecture and then apply conditional random fields to effectively integrate contextual and appearance information on LA cardiac volumes. Our method is capable to generate a smooth 3D atrial geometry with the regularization of conditional random fields. We trained and tested the proposed method on 100 3D cardiac MRI datasets from the STACOM 2018 atrial segmentation challenge and showed that it outperforms single U-net and its variants both in 2D and 3D. Dice coefficient, Jaccard Similarity Index and Hausdorf metric were used as validation metrics to evaulate the segmentation. For testing cases the Dice metric, Jaccard Similarity Index and Hausdorf metric were computed as 0.912 ± 0.068 0.927±0.097 and 18.54±4.21 respectively. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=43972 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=43972 Güllü Yakar Artificial intelligence applications can recognize and evaluate the images and generate new ones by synthesizing them with the help of its subfields –the machine learning and computational creativity-. It can make style transfer, emotional modelling, text-to-image generation or create photorealistic images from sketches by adding them perspective and texture. Artificial intelligence is capable of classifying artists / their works in terms of creativity scores, evaluating aesthetics and analyze artistic styles; thus, makes it easier to make expertise and prevent forgery. It is also used as a guiding vehicle in the restorations or digital archieve organization processes with its mentioned properties. Artificial intelligence has a potential to produce creative and aesthetic artworks. By accessing online databases, these algorithms are capable of compiling from the resources related to the work it will create, improving itself or producing more advanced versions of itself. Artificial intelligence artifacts with the characteristic of an artist / movement, or of a unique quality outside of the existing styles, are being exhibited at museums and galleries. Having an impact on a large part of modern life, this technology is an area open to experimentation which can be used to reach the limits of artistic experiences and to create original components. It is a significant tool for examining the identity of the contemporary artist and work of art, and for explicating modern concepts. Artificial intelligence is an advanced assistant which is capable of reflecting the spirit of the age to the work of art; and is the novel form of expression for conceptual art. This study aims to classify the researches and projects of visual arts-artificial intelligence collaboration. As a result of the literature review, it was determined that the related researches and projects were prepared to perform one of the two main functions: analysis or synthesis, and this study is shaped accordingly. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=44914 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=44914 Ömer BİLENAbdullatif KABAN Today, it is seen that higher education institutions have entered the digital transformation process and want to provide their students with digital literacy experience. In order to contribute to the successful completion of this transformation, there is a need to determine the attitudes of students towards e-learning. Pilot implementations by the Council of Higher Education are seen as an opportunity to benefit from the experiences gained from digital literacy courses. In this study, it was aimed to determine the attitudes of students taking digital literacy course with distance education towards e-learning and to examine them in terms of independent variables. For this purpose, in this study, the survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, was used. The data of the research were collected by using the e-learning attitude scale applied to students who took the digital literacy course in Bayburt University in the Spring semester of 2018 - 2019 academic year. The data obtained were analyzed using the SPSS program and the necessary statistical results were edited. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that the attitudes of students who took the digital literacy course towards e-learning were at a medium level. It was determined that the gender of the participants, the department they are affiliated with, the digital literacy course midterm exam grade and their general opinions towards this course affect the attitude towards e-learning. In addition to this result, it was observed that the grade level and the overall weighted average did not affect the attitude. In line with the results obtained, it has been suggested that other courses can be given by distance education for students who will take the digital literacy course. It is thought that the results obtained will contribute to universities and digital literacy course content planners who are experiencing digital transformation. 2026-07-16 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=44825 https://turkishstudies.net/appliedsciences?mod=makale_tr_ozet&makale_id=44825 Sevim Nilay IŞIKSALAN Current informatics and communication technologies is effective in education system as in all fields of life; high technology products surrounded the study field of students, digital devices like smart phones, laptops, tablets and social network usages took place initially in their own lives. In this context, this study aimed to determine what level preservice Turkish teachers benefit from digital technologies. The study was designed by descriptive survey model. As a result of the interview form applied to 25 volunteer it was determined that the pre-service teachers mostly use digital environments for “informaton and sharing”. “Google Scholar”, “Youtube” and “Twitter” are mostly used social networks. The most applied sites by pre-service Turkish teachers are “culture-art blogs”, “Turkish poem sites”, “critics-essay sites” and “dictionary sites” in turn. “Google Scholar” is the most used search engine. Based on this, it can be interpreted that students are trying to benefit from reliable sources during the lesson. The fact that students use “Youtube” and Twitter as the most social network can cause a comment that they give importance to audiovisual elements in the course of the course as well as printed materials. It is also understood that students try to share what they learned in the lesson. The students' use of culture and art blogs, following the sites related to the Bitrakım types of Turkish lesson show that they use them as a supplement to the lesson. It was understood that the participants stated that there was a lot of information pollution in digital environments, that the language became corrupt and alienated here. 2026-07-16