The aim of this study is to develop an academic achievement test to measure fourth grade students' learning about the “Properties of Matter” unit included in 2018 science curriculum. In the process of developing the test, first of all, 10 achievements were determined in the unit of the properties of the matter of fourth grade science teaching program and the table of signs was prepared. 39 multiple-choice and 5 open-ended questions were prepared in accordance with the manifestation, and a pool of items was created. In order to ensure the content validity of the draft test, the opinions of 5 experts were used. The content validity index among experts was calculated as 0,99. Arrangements were made in the test items in accordence with the opinions of the experts. In order to calculate the construct validity and reliability, the draft test was applied to 152 fourth grade students studying in Körfez district of Kocaeli province in 2018-2019 academic year. In accordance with the answers given by the students to the multiple choice questions in the test, item analysis was made and the discrimination and difficulty indices of each item were calculated separately. The pilot implementation of open- ended questions was carried out with 25 students. Scope validity index 1 was found to be 0,83, and reliability was 0,91. As a result of item statistics and factor analysis, 15 items were excluded from the test and the “Properties of Matter Academic Achievement Test” consisting of 24 multiple choice and 5 open-ended questions was developed. The average difficulty of the test (Pj) is 0,64; mean discrimination (rjx) was calculated as 0,41. In the reliability analysis of the test, Kuder Richardson-20 technique was used and the reliability coefficient (r) was found to be 0,82 (highly reliable).