COMPUTER AIDED FUNDAMENTAL FREQUENCY AND FORMANT ANALYSIS OF TENOR AND BARITONE VOICE TYPES


In voice training, male voices are classified in three main groups as tenor, baritone, and bass according to their voice characteristics. According to their voice characteristics, determining the persons’ voice group in which they are involved is revealed by a subjective evaluation of an expert voice educator with a piano. With such an evaluation, the voice types can be detected, but sometimes this may lead to different results. Therefore, it is important to determine a computer-aided objective evaluation which can be used as an aid in determining the voice type. In this study, by performing the computer-aided fundamental frequency and formant analysis of the recordings taken from three tenors and three baritones who have voice training with Praat and Matlab programs, the study of revealing the distinguishing features of tenor and baritone voice types is performed. Recordings are created from the participants having tenor and baritone voices by singing ‘a’ and ‘e’ vocals on different notes and recording these sounds on iTrack Dock studio recording media. The obtained results demonstrated that the fundamental frequency analysis performed on the same mi (E4) note over ‘a’ and ‘e’ vocals is not a meaningful tool for distinguishing the tenor and baritone vocal types note; however, the formant analysis performed in terms of F1, F2 and F3 formants is a successful tool in distinguishing two voice types. Analysis results showed that the tenors have higher F1, F2 and F3 formants than baritones in both ‘a’ and ‘e’ vocals. In addition, in a formant analysis to be carried out on the mi (E4) note, it was observed that F1 and F3 formants in ‘a’ vocal and F2 formant in ‘e’ vocal are more effective in distinguishing two voice types.


Keywords


Voice Type; Tenor; Baritone; Formant; Fundamental Frequency

Author : Kemal AVCI -- Cemalettin BAYDAĞ - Ahmet Serkan ECE
Number of pages: 21-44
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.14451
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Turkish Studies-Information Technologies and Applied Sciences
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