@article{2019,title={REASON AND GUARANTEE OF THE STATE: FEAR},abstractNode={The problematization of the emergence of the state and society is one of the main discussion topics among political philosophers. The British philosopher Thomas Hobbes is one of the political philosophers who put forward an idea regarding that topic. Hobbes argues that the emergence of the state to a founding social contract. He also theorizes a non-governmental natural condition of mankind that he calls as ' the state of nature' in order to explain his ideas about the social contract. Hobbes defines the state of nature as homo homini lupus “A man is a wolf to another man”. The state of nature is a "war of all against all," in which human beings constantly seek to destroy each other in an incessant pursuit for power. But Hobbes postulates a “natural reason” by which mankind endeavor to avoid conflict and come to an agreement known as the social contract. That social contract theory requires an external political authority regarding in a manner of practicality. According to Hobbes state is the political authority that establishes peace and stability. Thus, the reason behind the emergence of the state is the sense of fear. Although fear is the reason behind the establishment of the state, it will remain strong after the ‘contract’ and by so guarantees the survival of the state. Because even after the social contract the threat of returning to the state of nature continues. This aspect of the Hobbes’ social contract theory has not been adequately studied by the researchers. The main purpose of this study is to show that fear, by Hobbesian sense, is not only the reason behind the state but also essential of survival of it. The concept of ‘the state of nature’ as the basis of the political philosophy will be examined in detail through the paper. Also, the relationship between the state of nature, fear and the state will be included. },author={Mustafa ÖZKAN},year={2019},journal={Turkish Studies-Social Sciences}}