Population growth in Turkey and in the world can be explained with several reasons. However, the main reason that determines population growth is fertility. The total fertility rate refers to the average number of children a woman gives birth to during the period when she is fertile (the 15-49 age group). The fertility rate in Turkey has been declining for years. As a result of high fertility and rapid population growth, Turkey has a young population structure. According to the census results of 2000, while approximately 30% of the population was aged 15 and under, the share of those aged 65 and over was about 6%. Significant reductions, especially in fertility rates, have occurred in Turkey in recent years. Depending on this, the age structure of the population in Turkey is also changing. The total fertility rate, which was five children per woman in the 1970s, decreased to 2.65 children in the 1990s and to 2.26 children today. This change has also caused the median age in Turkey to rise. In Turkey, the median age, which generally ranged from 19.6 to 20.3 years in 1940-1960, increased steadily after 1970. The median age, which was 24.8 in 2000, reached 32 in 2018. As of the end of 2018, the median age was determined to be 31.4 in males and 32.7 in females. This change arises as a result of the economic and socio-cultural development in Turkey. Define Turkey's social development as a priority and is associated with increased educational opportunities of men. Increased, leadership service life more easily folded in the possibility of strengthened. The age of marriages and the age of having a child are shifted further, leading to changes in the number of children according to age groups.
Population, Birth Rates, Socio-Cultural Structure
| Author : | Özlem SERTKAYA DOĞAN |
|---|---|
| Number of pages: | 2449-2462 |
| DOI: | http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/TurkishStudies.36821 |
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