ECONOMIC CONCEPT OF SELJUK EMPIRE, MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE OF SKY SQUARE AND SPORTS LODGES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE ECONOMY


The first information about the use of the squares was reached at the time of the Gokturks and continued with the Seljuk Empire. In the cosmology of the Seljuk Empire period, the sky squares provided the four basic elements which were; economy, military physical education, socialization, and sport. On the other hand, they established the schools called Nezamiyeh Madrasas with a large and formal education service which specialized in various fields. One of the most important elements to be considered about the sport was the establishment and operation of Sky square institutions while Seljuks were urbanizing. Even, it is known that Nizam_al-Mulk, vizier of Sultan Malik-Shah I, was working on this issue intensively (İşcan, 1988:56). In this way, the sport was organized by the state to organize the sports, as well as sportsman training, protection, and nutrition. The sport was also influenced by the changing urbanization culture. In particular, It played an active role in ensuring security and urbanization in rural areas. The most striking example of this was the establishment of sports lodges for various branches in rural areas where urbanization was possible. As urbanization began, these sports lodges and buildings belonged to those lodges became a district of the city. In the study, a qualitative method called well descriptive field survey or documentary study was followed (Neuman, 2006:42; Creswell, 2012:212). In order to determine the educational and organizational structure of the sports institutions of the Seljuk Empire, the epics were analyzed by observations of the travelers of the period, the cosmology of the Seljuk community in the archaic period and the determinations of the philosopher in various fields working on that period. In the light of the data obtained, it was tried to determine the educational structure and organization of the Sky Squares and Sports lodges, which were the social institutions of the Seljuk Empire and their contributions to the economy. To become the best fighting society, the Seljuk Empire reached its goal using its all facilities through Sky squares and Sports lodges. In addition to military physical education (both man and horse in terms of the period), Sky squares and Sport lodges, which were opened to the people living in the city on certain days of the week, caused the public to operate in various sports branches as well as the establishment of enterprises that produce sports instruments of their interest and contribute to Seljuk economy.


Keywords


Seljuk Empire, Sports Lodges, Sky squares.

Author : İlker GÜNEL -Abdurrahman KEPOĞLU
Number of pages: 1499-1513
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/TurkishStudies.22953
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Turkish Studies-Social Sciences
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