Examining Translations of the Work Named “Çalıkuşu” According to the Translation Method of Dali Pancikidze

Translation is the transfer of oral expressions and functions to a specific culture. In many civilizations throughout history, enlightenment periods began with translation. In every society and in every era, art, science and thought are openly or indirectly fed by translation. Translation, which is a complex, multilateral and interdisciplinary phenomenon, has a great impact especially in the literary field. Human beings have adopted all literary works in whatever language they are written thanks to translation. A translation from the source language to the target language plays an important role not only in transferring vocabulary and semantic principles, but also in transferring another culture. “Çalıkuşu” one of the important works of Reşat Nuri Güntekin was first translated from Turkish to Georgian by Nana Gvarişvili (! " ! " # $ " %& ' $ & (& ) in 1961 when the border gate between Turkey and Georgia was closed. At that time, Georgians regarded Turkey as an inaccessible country although Turkey is an immediate neighbor of Georgia. The Georgian people in the Soviet era found the life they had longed for in Reşat Nuri Güntekin's novel named Çalıkuşu and loved Reşat Nuri Güntekin as much as they love Ilya Çavçavadze and Akaki Tsereteli, who are among the most important Georgian poets and writers of the 19th century and who are realistic like the public. In this study, translations of the work named “Çalıkuşu” written by Reşat Nuri Güntekin, one of the leading novelists and play writers in the Republican era, by two different translators in different periods will be comparatively examined according to the translation methods of Dali Pancikidze, the Georgian scientist. Then, the type of translations will be discussed in accordance with Gideon Toury's target-oriented theory claiming that translations close to the source text are “sufficient” and translations close to the target text and conforming to the rules of the target language are “acceptable”. In this context, brief information about source text writer and target text translators will be given, Dali Pancikidze's translation methods will be mentioned, and the equivalence of the selected sentences in two different translations will be examined. It was concluded that TT 2 is an ”acceptable” translation because of its proximity to the target language and culture, and TT 1 is a ”sufficient” translation because of its proximity to the source language and culture.

Keywords

Georgian Language and Literature, Translation, Dali Pancikidze, Çalıkuşu, Target Language, Source Language.