MARAGHA AND TABRÎZ OBSERVATIONS IN THE PERIOD OF ILKHANIDS


Ilhans, who were served with an invasive approach, gave importance to science and culture field in contrast to the known ones. The valuable works gathered from the regions seized during the Hulagu Khan Period (1256-1265) and the leading scientists of the period were employed in the Maragha to engage in activities in the science of astronomy, medicine, mathematics and chemistry. Hulagu Khan built an observatory in the Maragha city of Azerbaijan. He gathered some of the prominent scientists of the time and Nasîr al-dîn Tûsî. Books collected in Iraq, Iran and Syria regions have been moved to the library of this observatory. Hulagu Khan wanted them to conduct observations from the team of leading scientists of the period they gathered at Maragha with Nasîr al-dîn Tûsî and to complete the results of these observations in 12 years. One of the important features of the Maragha Observatory is that it is an institution financed for the first time by foundation revenues. The observatory, whose needs were met by the revenues allocated by Hulagu Khan, was supported economically. Another observatory in the Ilkhanians Period was built in Tabrîz. The Ilhanli ruler Gâzân Khan (1295-1304), who helped Islam to be the official religion of the Ilkhanians, established an observatory in 1300 in Tebrîz, whose expenses were covered by the Foundation. New observation instruments for solar observations were developed and used in this observatory. In addition, scientists from all over the world came to the observatories of Maragha and Tabriz to benefit from the scientific development reached by the Ilkhanid astronomy. This article describes the observatories opened in Maragha and Tabriz during the Ilkhanians and the scientists working in these observatories.


Keywords


Ilhanids, astronomy, Maragha, Tabriz, Nasîr al-Dîn Tûsî

Author : Seyfettin KAYA
Number of pages: 929-946
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/TurkishStudies.39759
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Turkish Studies - Historical Analysis
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